Cattleya: kula a gida. Transplanting da haifuwa cattleya

Orchids, samu a taga sills na Apartments da kuma ofisoshin a cikin daji girma mafi yawa a kan bishiyoyi, wani lokacin a kan duwatsu da kuma kankara. Wannan ake kira epiphytic "ba alaka parasites, amma ba a bukatar gona da kanta. Daya daga cikin haske wakilan da jinsunan ne Cattleya. Care a cikin gida na wata shuka ba musamman daban-daban daga cikin mafi saba Phalaenopsis kiwo, amma har yanzu akwai wasu nuances.

bayyanar shuke-shuke

A cikin daji cattleya da shi ya auku, yafi a cikin tropics na Tsakiya da kuma Kudancin Amirka. Girma orchids dogara sun fi mayar a kan ta iri-iri da girma yanayi. Akwai duka ba sosai manyan samfurori (game da 30 cm), da kuma wata katuwar (har zuwa 1.2 mita, da kuma wani lokacin more).

Akwai game da 65 jinsunan Cattleya, yawancin abin da aka samu ta hanyar halitta ma'abota. Matsayin mai mulkin, wannan orchid ba manya-manyan, amma kyawawan m ganye. Su tsawon iya Range daga 10 zuwa 20 cm.

A lokacin da ayyuka na shuka janyo hankalin hankalin quite manyan (har zuwa 15 cm a diamita), sosai haske waxy furanni. Adadin su iya bambanta kamar yadda canza launi. Sau da yawa da furanni da dadi, amma quite m vanilla dandano. Don girma a yammacin sahara, wannan orchid ana kashe for 2-3 shekara rayuwa. A gida, cattleya yanayi, kula ne da za'ayi bisa ga shawarwari na masana, na iya zama 6-7 shekaru. Duk wannan lokaci, za ta lokaci-lokaci murna wasu da haske furanni.

Lighting da shayar da

An manufa wuri na girma da wannan orchid ne dauke da terrarium. Amma shi ne quite dace da m tukunya saka a kan wani windowsill ta kudu ko yamma. Lighting ya zama m isa, sa'an nan da shuka zai ji gaba daya dadi. A wannan yanayin, hasken rana kai tsaye ya kamata a kauce masa.

A dare, da flower mafi kyau bar a cikin duhu, ta haka ne ba a bayyana ma'ana da shuka canza da lokaci na rana. Amma ga watering Cattleya, ta yanayin da kuma tsanani dogara a kan lokaci na shekara. A isasshe high zafin jiki (a kan 20 digiri) dole zafi na game da 80%. A wani sanyi iska na 50%. Don samar da irin wannan yanayi flower dole ne a lokaci-lokaci fesa. A hanya ne shawarar prodelyvat a rana a bazara da kuma bazara, sau ɗaya a mako a hunturu da kuma kaka.

Ruwa ya kamata shakka zama bezyzvestkovoy. Domin wannan kana bukatar ka sosai a hankali saka idanu domin shi ne domin wannan dalilin, sau da yawa rashin lafiya, har ma da mutuwa Cattleya. Kula a gida dole ne yiwu canzawa wata halitta mazauninsu. Ruwa da orchid bazara akai-akai (2-3 sau da mako) da ruwa a dakin da zazzabi, wanda kuma ya zama lemun tsami. A cikin hunturu, yi sau biyu kamar yadda kasa. Kula ya kamata a dauka zuwa substrate a lokacin da sauran lokaci zuwa yadda ya kamata bushe fita tsakanin waterings.

A zabi na cikin tukunya kuma da ƙasa

Kamar dukan epiphytes, cattleya Yana son haske. A wannan yanayin, ya kamata ba fada ne kawai a kan ganyen da shuka, amma kuma zuwa asallanta, wanda kuma daukan sanya aiwatar da photosynthesis. A saboda wannan dalili, zabi wani tukunya dole m. Kamar yadda a gona, shige da classic substrate for epiphytic dauke da haushi, gansakuka polyurethane kuma polystyrene beads.

A cikin tsawon aiki na bukatar ƙarin miya. Idan substrate ƙunshi fern haushi, shi za a iya yi a kan kowane wata, a cikin hali na ta rashi a cikin abun da ke ciki - ne sau biyu, kamar yadda iya. Tare da isasshen haske da kuma ban ruwa, kazalika da ta dace hydration kuma dace ciyar ko da a kan talakawa windowsill iya girma mai kaifin Cattleya. Photos (kula da tsire-tsire da aka za'ayi da masu sana'a florists) irin wannan samfurori aka gabatar a sama.

dashi

Don cikakken ci gaba a shuka, shi ne shawarar a gudanar da wani lokaci-lokaci canji na substrate. Don wannan karshen, kowane 2 shekaru (zai fi dacewa a spring) sa dashi. Pot iya barin haihuwa, amma cakuda ya zama sabo. Da farko, da shuka da aka cire daga jirgin ruwa. Sa'an nan, da warware daga sharan na haushi da kuma sauran substrate abubuwa. Wannan ya kamata a yi a hankali don haka kamar yadda ba su lalata da asalinsu. Orchid sanya a tukunya, barci sabon cakuda (ruwa ba lallai ba ne). Transplanting Cattleya tare da dace barbarar gudunmawarsu ga ci gaba da kuma wani m flowering a lokacin rani.

Ba kamar mafi sauran shuke-shuke, a lokacin da sanya shi a cikin tukunya shi wajibi ne don matsawa kadan zuwa cibiyar, don bar dakin da ci gaban da gaban pseudobulb (ƙarya kwararan fitila ne halayyar da irin wannan). Lokacin da ban sha'awa size of orchid shi ne shawarar zuwa baya don samar da wani a tsaye matsayi. By watering da misali jadawalin kamata a fara ba a baya fiye da 10th rana daga ranar sauyawa daga cikin substrate.

haifuwa

A irin wannan yanayi sau da yawa ninka orchid tsaba. Wannan hanya an wani lokaci a yi amfani da dakunan gwaje-gwaje ko greenhouses. kawai zai yiwu hanyar rarraba adult shuke-shuke a cikin gida. Cattleya, wanda ba zai lalata flower kiwo da kuma zai kawo sakamakon tabbatacce, kamata dauke da 'yan pseudobulbs (a kalla 3-4). Raba su wajibi ne kafin flowering. Wannan ya kamata a yi a hankali, tare da haddasa m lalacewar da tushen tsarin. Rhizome (tuber), da shuke-shuke suna rabu da kaifi wuka, yanki da shafukan bi da tare da gawayi. Sa'an nan, kowane daga cikin pseudobulbs za a iya dasa dabam. Wani lokaci ya zo kasa da cika fuska, ta rarraba da shuka a cikin 2-3 guda.

Abin da idan Cattleya ba Bloom

Abin takaici, wannan matsala sau da yawa fuskantar da growers. Don magance halin da ake ciki, wajibi ne a fahimci dalilin da abin da aka ba blooming orchid (Cattleya). Kula a lokacin ayyuka na shuka (domin mafi jinsin wannan shi ne karshen spring - farkon lokacin rani) yana bukatar kula na musamman. Abu na farko da tabbatar da cewa ruwa don ban ruwa da kuma spraying ya ba lemun tsami (ba za ka iya amfani da ruwan sama da ruwa).

Don kara yiwuwar bayyanar furanni ne dole don samar da zazzabi bambanci tsakanin dare da rana, a kalla 3-4 digiri. Ya kamata ka kuma a tabbata cewa shuka a kalla 'yan sa'o'i a rana ne a cikakken duhu (akwai jinsunan wanda furanni suna kafa kawai in babu haske).

Cututtuka da kuma parasites

Akwai lokuta idan Cattleya ba zato ba tsammani Lettered duhu da kuma fada kashe ganye. A dalilai domin wannan zai iya zama da dama. Wannan musamman parasites cewa kai farmaki sau da yawa isasshen m shuke-shuke. Daga cikin mafi halayyar da Cattleya - sikelin kwari, aphids, mites da kuma mealybugs. Kuma mafi tasiri hanyar magance su - rigakafin. Cattleya, kula a cikin gida ga wadda ne da za'ayi bisa ga dokoki, dole ne a tsare bi da tare da musamman mafita, hana su abin da ya faru. A lokacin da zabar sunadarai kamata ko da yaushe a tabbata cewa miyagun ƙwayoyi ne dace da irin wannan orchid.

Idan parasites riga ya bayyana, ganye fesa tare da malathion, yana nufin "Rogor" ko tincture na taba. Yarda aiki soapy ruwa. Duk da haka, kafin na amfani da sinadarai, tabbatar da cewa shuke-shuke da isasshen haske, kuma babu wani wuce haddi danshi. Duhu spots a cikin ganyayyaki wani lokacin faruwa saboda rashin kula da flower.

iri Cattleya

A cikin daji, sai suka tarar fiye da 60, amma a gida nasarar girma da kuma flower stalks, ba duka. Daga cikin mafi kowa - Cattleya matasan. More daidai, a dukan jerin na orchids samu ta hanyar su tsallaka biyu a cikin daji ko a cikin dakin gwaje-gwaje. M shi ne fairly manyan shuke-shuke da haske furanni dabam dabam. Suna bambanta da wani duhu, wani lokacin hange lebe.

Wani, daidai da na kowa, amma karami a size Cattleya Bowring daban-daban kaka flowering (shi yawanci zo a tsakiyar Satumba). . Wannan orchid m-purple launi, da tsawo na ta kara ne ba fiye da 35 cm da aka sosai kama da shi, amma kadan m, a sautin - Cattleya Skinner. Ya bambanta, a Bugu da kari ga ya dafa - spring Bloom.

Fundamentally daban-daban biyu a size da kuma siffar Cattleya Forbersa. Yana da yawa ya fi girma, tare da kasa da velvety furanni ne rawaya da launin ruwan kasa faci, kuma zane. An halin a mai haske vanilla dandano shimfidawa cikin dakin.

A cikin flower shagunan iya sau da yawa sami wasu, mafi m nau'in. Amma a cikin wani akwati, cattleya, kula ne da za'ayi daidai, da kuma rai yanayi kusa yadda ya kamata zuwa ga halitta ni'ima daga cikin mai kyau mai haske furanni.

Wadanda suka ga dalilai daban-daban ba zai iya samar da wannan shuka ne isasshen zafi da haske, dace more - shekara-shekara, furanni wanda yayi kama da irin wannan orchid a hanyoyi masu yawa. Yana godetsiya.

Cattleya Terry

Yana da wani irin sanyi-resistant lambu annuals. Shi ne dace da girma a balconies da kuma flower gadaje. Blossoms yawanci a lokacin rani marigayi. Duk da wasu na waje kamance, da kuma sunan, kai tsaye alaka Cattleya yana ba. Godetsiya kasa capricious, ba ya bukatar irin wannan m kula, da kuma jin dadi quite a cikin saba yi na mãkirci. Ba za mu iya ce cewa flower ne iya maye gurbin wurare masu zafi Cattleya, amma ga waɗanda suke tãre da wani orchid fure flatly ƙi, zai iya zama mai girma madadin.

Daya daga cikin wakilan na wurare masu zafi epiphytes, sami sayarwa ga girma a cikin tukwane, a cattleya. Kula a cikin gida na wannan shuka ne quite troublesome da kuma bukatar takamaiman ilmi. Amma ya kyawawan furanni da yawa da zaki vanilla dandano, ba tare da wani shakka daraja duk kokarin.