Classic ski hanya. Nau'in hanyoyin da motsi a kan kayan gudun kan

Kayan gudun kan su cyclical category wasanni. Gasa ana gudanar a kan wani musamman hanya, shan la'akari da shekaru da kuma jinsi hane-hane. Wannan wasanni da aka kafa a Norway a cikin 18th karni. Wadannan ƙware gudun kan a Finland da Sweden. International jinsi a Turai ya bayyana ne kawai a cikin marigayi 19th karni. A 1924 aka yanke shawarar shirya wani Tarayya FIS, wanda a yau shi ne daya daga 98 kasashen duniya.

Nau'in na ski Darussan

Yau, kowane dan wasa na zãɓen dama dabara a cikin dusar ƙanƙara motsi. Wasu matsayin da bukatun ga hanya ba har ma a kan hukuma gasa. Wani so wani irin kara motsi, wani - dabarun, wani - gauraye.

A lokacin, wadannan iri ski Darussan: gargajiya da kuma kunya. Tsohon nufin da main, kuma sau da yawa amfani da Group, na biyu kadan sauki a kan m, amma hankali motsi gudun.

Ridge motsa dangane da zamiya motsi na kafafu. A nan, fasahar an rage wa free goyon baya a matakai. Babban ski motsa, watau classic, zuwa kashi guda, biyu kuma chetyrehshazhnye. Babban bambancin dake tsakanin jinsunan ne jerin tura da tsalle ƙafafunsa. Akwai kuma besshazhny tafi, amma aka yi amfani da kawai a rare lokuta, gogaggen kwararru. Bugu da kari, da gargajiya da hanyoyin da hanya zirga-zirga ne lokaci daya da kuma alternately. A nan, da bambancin da yake a cikin hannuwansa da ƙafafunsa.

Besshazhny Hakika

The motsi ne da za'ayi da wani daya-lokaci tsalle hannuwanku. Wannan classic ski shakka aka fi amfani a filayen da kuma m gangara inda zamiya yanayi da ake kimanta a matsayin mai kyau. A daya sake zagayowar da aka dauka a lokaci guda turawa tafi da goyon bayan sa'an nan motsi a kan babbar hanya. A nesa tsakanin spurts hannuwa ya kamata a tsakanin 5 zuwa 9 mita. Average lokaci jeri daga 0.8 zuwa 1.2. A iyakar gudu a kan saukarsa - har zuwa 12 m / s.

Irin wannan lokaci daya ski motsa conventionally kasu kashi biyu bulan: na free kuma tilasta zamiya. A farko ya auku a lokacin motsi bayan turawa tafi da goyon bayan daga samanta, kuma na biyu - a lokacin da nasara hannuwanku.

Babban nuance na irin wannan mataki shi ne don hana asarar gudun. Saba da 'yan wasa rage gudu a lokacin da tunkuxe. Saboda wannan, shi karya da kari kuma qara load a kan tsoka taro.

Odnoshazhny Hakika

Shi ne ya fi kowa nau'i na motsi a kan snow-rufe hanya. Odnoshazhny shakka shi ne ya jitu da jiki da kuma wata gabar jiki, kazalika da rike da sikeli. Dalili na art ne cewa nan da nan bayan lokaci daya tunkuxe dan wasa dole ne kai makamai da kuma jiki gaba. Kamar wancan ne aka samu matsakaicin gudun yantar da zamiya. Bayan yin matakai da ake bukata don kawo zobba na sandunan kansu. Tunkuxe kafar ta zama mai tsakaitãwa. A lokacin itace-zamewa kamata a sake juya ga zobba kansu. A kwana tsakanin waža kuma goyon bayan ya zama kamar yadda kaifi ne. Wannan zai ba da damar samar da babban gudun kuma kada zamewa daina.

lokaci motsi sake zagayowar game da daukan 1.5 seconds, da kuma tsawon - har zuwa 7 mita. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa irin wannan classic ski hanya ne kawai dace da hanya sassan daban-daban tare zamewa yanayi. A cikin hali na lebur ƙasa snow dole ne m, ko garin kankara ɓawon burodi.

Speed odnoshazhny Hakika

Wannan wani zaɓi shafi kawai a kan gangara tare da wani babban matakin da zamewa. Irin wannan lokaci daya ski motsa su ne bisa karfi tunkuxe ƙafafunsa. Domin a sake zagayowar na tsalle kafafu ya zama 7-9 mita. A wannan nesa daga 1.2 seconds da dan wasa yana bukatar da lokacin yin daya tura-karfafa kafar. gudun game 8-10 m / s.

Babban bambancin daga ainihin odnoshazhnogo jinsunan ne danniyan daga cikin Tallafa kafa yayin da zamiya gaba. Ga da dabara na motsi an rage wa 6 bulan. A farko da aka zamiya a kan duka kayan gudun kan, na biyu - podsedanie goyon bayan kafa, da uku - jiki hari. Next, da dan wasa Firaministan kuma straightens da hip hadin gwiwa. Na biyar lokaci - single-aya zamewar. A karshe mataki, da motsi na hannunsa da tunkuxe.

Dvuhshazhny Hakika

Ana amfani ne kawai a kan lebur ƙasa a lokacin da zamiya da yanayin sama mai gamsarwa. Lokaci daya dvuhshazhny ski shakka dogara ne a kan cyclical fasaha. Ya kunshi tunkuxe bearings, zamiya matakai biyu kuma su matsa musu kyauta a ranar biyu kayan gudun kan. Wannan dukan hadaddun na dan wasa dole yi a cikin 2 seconds, in ba haka ba za a rubuce wani babba asarar lokaci da kuma kudi na gazawar. A nisa tsakanin hannun jerks daidai 8-10 mita. Novice wasan na yayin da samun gudun zuwa 5 m / s, kwararru - 7 m / s.

Ainihin dabara ne nuance aiki mashiga centrifugal kafafu don goyon bayan da lokacin da zamiya. Tare da wannan kudi na motsi ba za a keta, da kuma auna. A sake zagayowar ƙare lokacin da rabuwa da goyon bayan daga hanya surface.

Dvuhshazhny Hakika

Irin wannan bambancin da motsi a kan hanya ya dace duka biyu professionals kuma novice wasan saboda da sauki. Classic ski Hakika alternately dvuhshazhnogo irin amfani a kan gangara kuma filayen tare da matalauta zamiya yanayi. A babban steepness na zuriya, wannan dabara iya kai ga asarar auna da kuma fall.

Dvuhshazhnye ski motsa alternately damar wajen samar da wata gudun 7.5 m / s. zagayowar tsawon ne daga 4 zuwa 7 mita tare da wani 1.5 biyu duration. The m dogara ne a kan biyu m matakai, wanda suna tare da alternately spurts hannuwanku.

A tafi kunshi 5, saukarwa: zamiya a kan hanya hagu, straightening da goyon bayan kafa, podsedanie, lunging gaba da tunkuxe. The abu na dan wasa ne motsi ba tare da deceleration. Don yin wannan da sauri cika kowane tafi da take shirya wa jerk hannunsa bayan kowane mataki. Yana da muhimmanci kada a rasa balance yayin da turawa kashe ƙafãfunku.

Chetyrehshazhny Hakika

Da'ira ƙungiyoyi rage zuwa matakai biyu da hudu a tarnaƙi tunkuxe hannuwanku. Wannan classic ski Hakika ya dace musamman ga lebur sassan na hanya. motsi gudun ne 6 m / s. Da'ira lokaci - har zuwa 2.2 seconds. Bugu da ƙari, ta matsakaicin tsawon - mita 10. A nan, a lokaci guda tare da tura kafar gaba skier dole ne yin da ya dace hannunka. Kayan gidan wasan kwaikwayo yakan. Tura kafa - gliding. A karshen tunkuxe direban kiwata goga lankwasa makamai zuwa kafada matakin. Slipping kara a kan daya kafa.

All wrenches dole ne a yi tare da wannan karfi da kuma yarda da kwana. Saboda da nagartaccen fasahar wannan irin motsi da aka wuya amfani da ko da ta kwararru.

Features na tsere kan

Wannan hanya na motsi a kan kayan gudun kan da ake amfani da mafi sau da yawa a kan m jũya. Yana nufin wani Gudun dabara. Har ila yau kunya ski Tunnels su dace da m hawa. Kafin horo a matsayin takamaiman dabara dole ne ka Master da classic m view daidai. Ga wani Dalili na tsere kan dauka gargajiya dvuhshazhny m view.

Wannan bambancin na tafi a kan babbar hanya sau da yawa amfani da kwararru don tarwatsa. A wannan yanayin, da mahayi motsi kama da mataki na skater. A farko dan wasa to tambaya a kan hukuma gasa a farkon shekarun 1980s, wannan nau'in wani Swede Gunde Svan. Yau ridged code da ake amfani a gudun ba da sanda jinsi wasan na da biathlon. Shi ma yana da da kansa rarrabuwa: guda da kuma lokaci daya dvuhshazhny, polukonkovy alternately. Tsakanin kowanne daga cikin wadannan sauye-sauye da za a iya sanya a layi daya. A na kowa dabara da kuma shi ne mai da muhimman hakkokin kashi na tunkuxe daga ciki surface daga cikin kofa gefe. A wannan yanayin, da jiki nauyi da aka canjawa wuri zuwa zamiya kafar.

A tsere kan yadda babu hawan keke. Duk wata gabar jiki suna aiki daidai a cikin wani sabani lokaci tazara.

Yana kuma shawo gangara

Babban nuance lokacin canza shugabanci a kan kayan gudun kan ne don kula da sikẽli. A sakamakon wani ba daidai ba shigarwa a bi za su bugun asara da kuma hadarin fadowa. Sau da yawa, har ma a sana'a da 'yan wasa saboda wani rauni.

Kayan aiki ski Darussan samar 3 iri jũya: fatar, garma da poluplug. A farko zaɓi ne dace da m gangara, na biyu - for kaifi rabo daga hanya, da uku - domin wandar-wandar tafiyar maciji gangara. A kai tsaye saukarsa iko ga gudun za a bambanta ski tara matsayin (sama ko a kasa). A kan m gangara na dace kayan aiki "wandar-wandar tafiyar maciji", lokacin da jiki ne koma daga gefe zuwa gefe. A takaice kaifi tawakkali mafi kyau zaži zai zama a kaikaice motsi (mai gangara) slidably. Sauka tsani ga m gangara tare da cikas.

braking manufa

Ski kayan aiki motsa ba kawai ya bayyana ins da descents, amma kuma hanyoyin da za a daina motsi.

Garma braking ne amfani a kan m gangara na line. Ski safa gudanar tare. Bugun jini - free a ciki hakarkarinsa.

Braking poluplugom shi ne ya motsa a cikin shugabanci na daya kawai ski. Na biyu ya ci gaba da slide a cikin shugabanci na bugun jini motsi.

Hanawa na fall ne kawai a yi amfani da gaggawa yanayi a lokacin da sauri tasha. Stick gudanar tipped baya, da kuma direban kansa crouches saukar da leans kaikaice.

goyon bayan braking ne amfani da wandar-wandar tafiyar maciji downhill. Sandunansu ake tãra kuma saukar da tsibirin a cikin dusar ƙanƙara surface. A motsi da aka ragae tare da kara matsa lamba a kan goyon baya.

Technology kyautayuwa

Duk wani nau'i na ski Darussan suna da nasu hanyoyi na motsi sama da gangara. Kowane dabara ne dogara a kan steepness na hanya, ta tsawon, hali takardar, direban fasaha. Yunƙurin na Kirsimeti itace - wannan shi ne lokacin da dan wasa ne yadu bred ski safa kuma da tabbaci tsaye a ciki hakarkarinsa. A daidai wannan lokaci da dogaro a kan wani itace da aka sanya a tarnaƙi tare da motsi na kafafu.

Kiwon poluelochkoy za'ayi kamar wancan ne, amma tare da cikar daya kawai kofa ga waje.

Tsãni za ka iya hawa m gangara. Technology zo da serial motsi na da sandunansu, kuma kayan gudun kan.

Kiwon da fatar mataki ne amfani a kan lebur gangara. Don yin wannan, jiki leans gaba, da kuma motsi aka samu da jerks hannunsa.