Decembrist tawaye: da dalilai da shan kashi

Decembrist tawaye a 1825 - shi ne daya daga cikin 'yan events a cikin tarihin kasar mu, wanda aka sani ga dukkan mazauna. A general, kusan kowa da kowa shayi cewa shi ya ga taron fiye da shi da aka sa da kuma abin da zai biyo baya. Wasu masu tarihi sun sadaukar da ayyukan nazarin wannan ban mamaki lokaci.

Kuma duk saboda tawaye na Decembrists da wani gagarumin tasiri a kan ci gaban kasar, da kuma wasu yi imani da cewa da yawa daga yau events ne saboda abin da abin da ya faru a majalisar dattijai Square.

Da farko, yana da daraja ambata cikin dalilan domin yunkuri na Decembrists. Kuma a sa'an nan, ba shakka, ba shi yiwuwa ba a tuna da yaki na 1812, ko kuma wajen da m nasara Maris na Rasha jami'an a Turai. A lokacin wannan tafiya, da yawa daga cikinsu imbued tare da ra'ayoyi da cewa sun dade sananne a wannan Faransa. Ƙarƙashin rinjayar sabon yayi, da suka sāke halinsu da tsarin siyasa a cikin kasar, da kuma halin da ake ciki a matsayin dukan.

A kifar da daular mulkinsu aka hade da yawa daga gare su, to canza ga mafi alhẽri, musamman na kauda tashe serfdom da gabatarwar duniya ilimi. Tuni a cikin 13-14 shekaru karni na sha tara ya fara samar da m al'ummu, da ake kira "Artel". A farkon 1916, a hade biyu manyan m "Semenov rajimanti" da "tsarki." A sabon kamfanin ne mai suna Ceto Union. Mahaliccin wannan jam'iyya ya Aleksandr Muravev, da kuma aiki mambobin - Ivan Iakushkin, Nikita Muravev, Sergei Troubetzkoy, kuma daga baya ya koma gare su, kuma Pestel. Manufar kungiyar Ceto aka yin gyare-gyare na gwamnati da kuma tsarin na kauda tashe na serfdom. Da mambobin kungiyar da suka wakilan da Masonic lodges, wanda zai iya ba amma zai shafi ibada na asiri al'umma.

Duk da haka, wannan ƙungiya dade ba sosai tsawon, a cikin kaka na '17, shi rushe saboda ciki bambancin ra'ayi. Kuma kamar 'yan watanni baya, a watan Janairu na shekarar 1918, ya kafa wani sabon jama'a, da jindadin na Union, kuma shi ya dauki tsawon shekaru 21. All ta mambobi ana dole ya jagoranci wani aiki da zamantakewa da rayuwa, sun yi kokarin zauna babban matsayin da kuma ilmantar da jama'a. Kuma a cikin 1921, bayan da jita-jita cewa gwamnati na sane da ƙungiyar, shi da aka yi da banrazana yanke shawarar da m rushe al'umma.

Wannan zai rabu da bazuwar mutane. A wannan hasashe masu ilimi da sabon jama'a: Kudu Ukraine da kuma Arewa a St. Petersburg. Jagoranci a hade da Arewa Society Troubetzkoy, Nikita Ants da Ryleev.

Amma tsokani wani yunkuri na Decembrists sosai hadaddun siyasa halin da ake ciki a kasar. A dangane da mutuwar Alexander I, akwai wani shubuha halin da ake ciki. Yawan shekaru Gadon sarautar yana da je Constantine. Duk da haka, shi ya tsawon watsi da kursiyin, da kuma wurin da aka dauki Nicholas. Duk da haka, da shahararsa a kasar ya low, da kuma magoya bayan na Constantine ma rinjayi shi rubuta wani ƙi. Bayan haka, 27 ga watan Nuwamba, 1825, da yawa rantse da Sarkin sarakuna Constantine. Jaddada su renunciation da kursiyin, ya kasance a cikin wani sauri, amma kai shi a wani sauri. Jira jan a, da kuma Nicholas yanke shawarar gyara kansa. A rantsuwar da aka shirya domin Disamba 14. Domin wannan taron, kuma an yanke shawarar yi daidai da tawaye.

A shirin da aka kawo wa majalisar dattawar Square da Guards regiments da matuƙan don kama da na sarki iyali da kuma tilasta wa Majalisar Dattawa, to bushãra da All People ta Shelar, sa'an nan ya yi shelar kafa gwamnatin wuccin gadi.

Duk da haka, daga farkon shi ya tafi ba daidai ba. Denunciations na Nicholas riga ya san game da tsare-tsaren a yi tawaye. A wannan connection, rantsuwar da aka dakatar da zuwa 7 na safe a wannan rana. Wannan shi ne, a lokacin da Decembrists zo zuwa ga square, a gaskiya Nicholas ya riga sarki. Bugu da kari, Troubetzkoy, wanda aka nada a matsayin shugaban tawaye, ya ba a kan square. Kuma da sojojin da suka kasance iya tattara kawai 2 hours bayan da Jirgi lokaci.

A wannan lokaci, da majalisar dattijai Square aka tsaurara dakarun gwamnati, da yawan abin da yake 4 fiye da sau da Decembrists. Nikolai ya jin tsoron jama'a disturbances. A kadan daga baya square ja manyan bindigogi, wanda ya yanke shawarar sakamakon da yaƙi. Bayan 'yan akai-akai tare da buckshot, Decembrists garzaya tserewa, da kuma dauki ga kankara na Neva. Management ya dauka wani tafiya don tsara wani ritaya, amma sun kasance kullum kora daga bindigogi, da kuma da yawa Muka nutsar a cikin Neva. More matattu da kuma rauni da aka jefa shi a cikin kogi, da dare.

Decembrists 'tawaye da aka niƙa. A wannan yanayin da aka kama su kusan mutane 600, amma da cin zarafin da aka samu kawai 289. Biyar daga cikinsu aka rataye, da sauransu kõre su Siberia.

Dalilin da cewa haddin shari'a na Decembrists Disamba 14, 1925 gaza, sun fi mayar ya zama uncoordinated ayyuka na membobinta.