Aleksandr Muravev: biography da kuma hoto

Decembrist motsi shi ne babban zamantakewa da siyasa muhimmanci ga kasar. Yana nuna tunani da kuma sentiments na sosai ilimi, m yadudduka na Rasha al'umma. Daya daga cikin wadanda suka kafa da motsi ya Aleksandr Muravov - Janar, memba na Patriotic War of 1812 da Crimean yaƙi. Mahaifinsa shi ne ya kafa na Moscow makarantun ga kolonnovozhatyh. A da shi kawai horar Aleksandr Muravov.

biography

Haife shugaban a wani daraja iyali a 1792, a ranar 10 ga watan Oktoba. Kafin shiga jami'a a wani makarantun tushen uba, ya samu ya firamarensa a gida da kuma tarbiyyar. A 1810, a kan 1 Maris, nan gaba Decembrist Muravov Aleksandr Nikolaevich yarda domin soja sabis. Satumba 14, ya samu daraja da biyu leftana. A kaka 1810 - spring 1811 zauna a kan toposomke a Kyiv da Volyn larduna. Tun Maris 1812 ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga farko Yammacin Army. A watan Yuni, Aleksandr Muravev sa suna a cikin na biyar hali.

soja kamfen

Aleksandr Muravov dauki bangare a cikin yaƙin kusa Borodino. Domin ƙarfin zuciya ya aka bayar da Order of St. Anne ta uku mataki. Ya kuma halarci fadace-fadace don Red, Maloyaroslavets, Tarutino. Domin ƙarfin zuciya ya aka bayar a zinariya takobi. Aleksandr Muravov dauki bangare a kasashen waje expeditions a 1813 ya bambanta kansa a yakin Fere-Champenoise, Leipzig, Kulm, Bautzen. Tun a watan Satumba, ya seconded da gidaje Platov. A 1813, 16 Maris, ya aka bayar da daraja na leftana, Nov. 2 - kyaftin.

A 1814 ya aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga Janar Staff na Guards. A wannan shekara, a watan Agusta, Alexander Muravyov aka ciyar da su kyaftin, Maris 7, 1816 - Kanar. A farko madadin-sojan doki Corps shi ne shugaban quartermaster. A 1817-1818 gg. Shi ne shugaban ma'aikata na Guards detachment a lokacin da yake ziyara a Moscow division. By domin na Alexander 1 a 1818, 6 Janairu, aka kama domin gazawar noncommissioned jami'an a lokacin farati. Alexander Muravyov murabus a zanga-zangar. A farkon Oktoba 1818, an tube shi daga sabis.

clandestine kungiyar

A karshen 1810 Aleksandr Muravov zama memba na Masonic Lodge "Elizabeth zuwa nagarta." A 1814, ya shiga cikin kungiyar a Faransa. Tun 1816 aka memba na "Three falalar". A lokacin daga Yuni 1817 zuwa Agusta 1818 ya namestnym master na kwana. Bugu da kari, da Ants yana cikin "Mai Tsarki m." Ya kuma zama kafa na "Union of Ceto." Ya halarci "soja jama'a." Kafin 1819, ya kasance wani ɓangare na "Union of Welfare." Ya halarci Shirin zanen da "Green Littafi". A 1819, ya bar kungiyar.

Kama da azãba

Ants aka dauka a cikin kurkuku, cikin Estate matarsa da. Bots a 1826, Jan. 8. Kwanaki biyar daga baya ya koma zuwa St. Petersburg zuwa babban guardhouse. A Janairu 14 ya kasance a kagara. A farkon Yuli 1826 ya aka kaso na category VI da kuma gudun hijira zuwa Siberia ba tare da ya tauye nobility da kuma jami'an kasar. Matarsa yanke shawarar zuwa gare ta. A karshen watan Agusta 1826 Ants zo a Yalutorovsk. Wani lokaci daga baya, a kan fatawar da suruka, Princess Shakhovskoy, ya canja ya sa na hijira kuma aika a Verkhneudinsk. A karshen Janairu 1827, ya isa a birnin. Akwai, ya shafi kudin shiga ga aikin farar hula. A fatawar da aka sanya. A marigayi Nuwamba, ma'auratan da 'ya mace, amma da ta mutu yana da shekaru biyar.

hukuma aiki

A karshen Janairu 1828 Muravyov nada su magajin gari a Irkutsk. A wannan matsayin da ya hukumance dauki karshen watan Afrilu. A farkon Yuli 1831 aka nada shugaban gwamnatin lardin da kuma daukaka zuwa ga daraja da Jihar majalisar. A karshen watan Yuni na shekara ya aka nada Tobolsk. A 30 Oktoba 1832 wani farar hula mulki. A 1834, wani rikici ya tashi tsakanin Muravyov da Velyaminovym (Gwamna-Janar na Yammacin Siberia). A sakamakon haka, na farko canjawa wuri zuwa Vyatka, inda ya kasance shugaban na kundin majalisar. Amma a karshen 1834 gade Sonya so komawa Muravyova baya ga Tobolsk.

A karshen May 1835 aka nada shugaban Tauris majalisar na Criminal Cases. A 1837, ya yi faɗa da Count Vorontsov da kuma a farkon watan Nuwamba, aka canjawa wuri zuwa lardin Mala'iku. Bayan shekaru 2, a dangane da tashin na manoma a cikin Ikklesiya Izhemsky aka sallami a matsayin Gwamna. Tun tsakiyar watan Afrilu 1843 Ants bauta a ministan cikin gidan kasar. A tsakiyar Fabrairu 1846 ya zama memba na kwamitin ministoci, za'ayi da duba na daban-daban larduna. A 1848, Satumba 18, aka nada Jihar majalisar.

Koma soja sabis

A May 1851 ya shiga Gaba Staff na da daraja na kanar. Ants an soja kurum marar domin soja sabis a sirri request. A lokacin rani na 1854 shi seconded zuwa Poland. A watan Agusta, 1854, ya yi aiki tare da Janar Staff daga cikin sojojin. A karshen watan Maris 1855 ya da aka daukaka zuwa ga daraja da manyan janar, da kuma karshen Yuli wannan shekarar aika hutu domin lura da cataracts.

binne

Aleksandr Muravov mutu a 1863, Disamba 18, a Moscow. Jiki aka binne shi a Novodevichy Convent. Kamar yadda tarihi shaida, a 1920 ya bace gicciye daga kabari. Daga bisani, da binne site aka rasa. A 1930 da hurumi aka narkar. Shinge da wata ãyã an koma daga arewacin kabarin Volkonsky Trubetskoy domin binne. Kamar yadda tarihi shaida, kuma Muka halakar da kabarin Muraveva uba. A shekarar 1979, wani abin tunawa da aka gina Stella kan zargin binne wuri.

homonym

A cikin wannan tarihi lokaci ya rayu a Rasha da kuma sauran Aleksandr Muravov - Decembrist, ƙaho. An haife shi a 1802, a ranar 19 ga watan Maris. Patronymic na Muravyov - Mikhailovich. A farkon shekaru, ya samu wani kyakkyawan ilimi a gida da kuma tarbiyyar. Wasu lokaci daga baya ya zama wani dalibi na laccoci manyan malamai tsunduma a kai-ilimi. Da yawa da hankali ne ya biya Ants ayyukan da haske a Faransa. A farkon Afrilu 1824 ya mai ƙaho sojan doki rajimanti.

Saka hannu a cikin karkashin kasa da kungiyoyi

A cikin shekaru 17-18 shekaru shiga "Union of Welfare." Daga 1824 ya kasance wani memba na Arewa Society. Don wannan lokaci ne da ya sani da Naryshkin, Trubetskoy, Obolensky. Ants halarci yawa tarurruka na jama'a, ya san dukan tsare-tsaren aiki. Ya yi tare da goyon bayan daftarin kundin tsarin mulkin, zabi ɗan'uwansa. Tun 1825 Ants yana da hakkin ya shiga da a cikin sabon mambobi ne na al'umma. A wannan lokacin, wani ɓangare daga cikin kungiyar da aka soma Suvorov da Vyazemsky Gorozhanskaya, Chernyshev, Sheremetiev Koloshin da sauransu. 14 Disamba Ants dauki bangare a cikin taro kan Ryleeva Apartment. A ranar da wannan yunkuri na Doki Guards bukaci kada su dauki rantsuwar to Nicholas. Ants, aka kama a kan Disamba 19 a cikin mahaifiyarsa ta Apartment.

Kammalawa da reference

A 1825, a ranar 25 ga Disamba, Aleksandr Mihaylovich Muravov da aka sanya a cikin Toompea Castle da kuma 30 ga watan Afrilu na shekara - canjawa wuri zuwa ga Bitrus da Bulus. Bisa ga hukunci ya aka kwace duk daraja da kuma nobility. Ya aka fitar da su Siberia, awarding shi shekaru 15. A farkon Disamba 1826 tare da ɗan'uwansa, Thorson da Annenkov aka aika zuwa Siberia. Farko bauta lokaci a Nerchinsk a mahakar, sa'an nan aka canjawa wuri zuwa ga Petrovsky shuka. A 1832, da Ants aka saki daga aiki. Ba so ga raba tare da ɗan'uwansa, ya ci gaba da aiki a kan Petrovsky ma'aikata. A 1844, ya samu izinin shiga cikin gwamnatin lardin na Tobolsk. A watan Satumba 1853 ya aka yarda su koma zuwa Turai bangare na kasar. Duk da haka, a ranar 14 ga watan Nuwamba na wannan shekara Ants mutu a Tobolsk. Jiki aka binne shi a makabarta logjam.

Aleksandra Muraveva - matar Decembrist

Ta kasance 'yar Count Chernyshev, wanda ya yi aiki a matsayin kãshi councilor. Ya samu wani kyakkyawan ilimi. Fabrairu 22, 1823, ta zama matar Decembrist Nikita Muraviev (wana na Aleksandr Mikhailovich). Lokacin da suka kama matar, jiran wani uku yaro. A 1826, 26 Oktoba, ya samu izinin su bi shi a kurkuku.

Muraviev ya kasance daya daga cikin na farko mãtan Decembrists, cewa bar mijinta a kurkuku. Ta yi wani m gaskiya, kuma m hali ga iyali. Ya mutu a wani matasa shekaru - 27 years - a kan Petrovsky ma'aikata. Wannan mutuwa shi ne na farko daga cikin Decembrists. A request na miji a kan kabarin da aka gina a ɗakin sujada. A daidai wannan wuri daga baya 'ya'ya mata biyu da aka binne shi. A ɗakin sujada ne kiyaye a Petrovsk-Trans-Baikal. An located a cikin tsohon hurumi.