46 Guards rajimanti mace dare m ( "Night Witches")

A lokacin yakin duniya na II, ya tafi zuwa ga gaban ba kawai goma sha bakwai yara samãrin, amma kuma 'yan mata-dalibai. Sun beauties wanda kawai jiya aka shirya domin jarrabawa, ya gana da mutane da kuma mafarkin wani bikin aure dress, yanzu yãƙi a cikin rayuwar 'yan'uwansu da kuma' yancin da motherland. Wasu daga cikin jarumi mata ya zama wani soja m, wani - Scout, wani - wata na'ura sojan igwa, da kuma wani - soja aviatrix. Suka yi yaƙi da farkisanci ne kan daidai da maza, sau da yawa a cikin wannan rajimanti.

"Night Witches"

A mafi shahara da kuma a lokaci guda kadai mace rajimanti a kasa da kuma tarihin duniya ne 46 Guards rajimanti mace dare m, ƙauna ake magana a kai a matsayin na yau da kullum sojojin Tarayyar Soviet "Dunkinym rajimanti" da kuma lakabi da tsoro, Nazi sojoji "Night Witches."

"Night Witches" da farko sa da Jamus sojojin kawai ƙyãma dariya kamar yadda suka tashi a kan plywood jiragen sama "U-2", abin da suke a tsaye lamba tare da shi ba shi da wuyar zuwa buga fitar da wani babban-zamo na'ura gun. Duk da haka, a lokacin yaki da m warriors sun iya nuna abin da suka kasance daraja, instilling tsõro daga abokan gaba, "da dare tsattsewa" (kamar yadda 'yan mata kira su jirage).

Mace jirgin sama rajimanti na dare kai harin sanya wani invaluable taimako ga nasara.

"U-2" - kwali corncob ko fama "sama tutsar sulug"?

"U-2" da kuma "2" - a hur plywood jiragen sama, da jiki wanda aka bai kare shi daga manyan-zamo makamai. Su lit sama a wata 'yar alamar lamba tare da wuta. Slow mota gudun iyaka wanda ya dan kadan sama da 100 km / h, tsiwirwirinsu tsawon mita 500, amma a cikin m hannun matukan jirgi 'yan mata juya a cikin wani hatsari makami.

As duhu fadi daga babu inda ya bayyana 46 mace jirgin sama rajimanti na dare harin da bombarded maƙiyi matsayi da bama-bamai.

Jamus suka ji tsoro daga 'yan mata da kuma baiwa da allahntaka iko 46 rajimanti, ba mũminai cewa, a irin wannan m Flying inji, da wani mutum talakawa iya cimma wannan sakamakon. Duk da haka, 'yan kaxan mutane san yadda wuya matuka gudanar ya kula da dama image. Na dogon lokaci, don haka da cewa a cikin "tsattsewa" hukumar da za ta sanya mafi yawan bama-bamai, da yarinya bai yi tare da shi ko da parachutes, kuma a gun aka dauke kawai TT. A cikin rabi na biyu na yaki Pistols aka maye gurbinsu inji bindigogi, wanda ƙwarai kara habaka da ikon da matukan jirgin da kariya da kuma juriya. Amma, ko da mafi alhẽri da makamai, idan ta shiga cikin searchlight bim a "sama tutsar sulug" yana ba da damar.

A lokacin da dare da jirage, wadda iko 46 mace Guards rajimanti na dare kai harin sanya takwas sorties, amma a cikin dogon hunturu maraice da yawan ninki biyu. Makanikai da rajimanti, wanda, ba zato ba tsammani, kuma waɗansu mata da, 'yan sa'o'i patched ƙulli, ya ƙone ɓangare na plywood "shelving raka'a", da kuma warriors sake aika a wata manufa.

Wa ya sani, watakila gaske 46 mace jirgin sama rajimanti dadin ni'imar wani iko mafi? Ta yaya kuma ya bayyana cewa "da dare tsattsewa 'dawo zuwa Airfield a jihar da wani jirgin sama zai ba za a tashi mita biyar?

Saw a plywood "U-2" kai harin da aka sani zuwa ga dukan duniya dandana Aviator Marina Raskova.

Baftisma na wuta "Taman" rajimanti

A real baftisma na 'yan mata da za a iya gani a matsayin wani aiki karya ta "Blue Line." Saboda haka abin da ake kira yaki a Novosibirsk. Yantar da Taman Larabawa, 46 Guards rajimanti mace dare m, photo wadda ka iya samu a wani littafi a kan tarihin duniya, sanã'anta da sunan barkwanci "Taman".

Local fadace-fadace suka muni aiki a cikin tarihi na "Night Witches." A rajimanti sha wahala inestimable asarar 11 wani sarari suKe Valkyries ba da rayukansu domin da 'yanci na Novosibirsk.

A daya kawai karshe dare a cikin watan Yuli 1943 a cikin Haske rajimanti rasa 8 sojoji da 4 ƙungiya.

Marina Mihaylovna Raskova

Marina Mihaylovna Raskova aka haife Maris 28, 1912. Mahaifinta wani singing malami da kuma hazaka m gwaninta daga cikin yarinya so ya zama wasan kwaikwayo ta waka singer. Amma rabo yanke shawarar in ba haka ba - da iyali breadwinner mutu Raskova. Don taimaka mahaifiyarta da kuma kaninsa, da ya zo da shekaru goma sha shida, Marina tafi aiki a kan Butyrsky sinadaran shuka. Bayan shekara a cikin rãyuwar nan gaba lotchitsy faru banrazana canji na sana'a - da yarinya samu aiki a matsayin wani dakin gwaje-gwaje mataimakin a Air Force Academy suna bayan Zhukovsky.

The aikin, wanda ta amince da fargaba, ya juya a cikin wata sha'awa, kuma ya kasance wani al'amari na rayuwa. Shahararren yarinya sauke karatu daga Cibiyar sufurin jiragen sama ta kuma fara koyar da navigator yarjejeniyar. Ta kuma kafa da dama duniya records a wani jirgin hali.

A shekara ta 1938 Raskova suka tafi wajen ƙofar, inda ta zama ta farko navigator na gaskiya jima'i.

Ba zato ba tsammani, da ra'ayin da ya halicci mata 46 Guards rajimanti na dare kai harin yi shi Marina Raskova. Watanni uku da taimakon biyu regiments na sana'a matukan jirgin, an shirya.

A sanannun labarin, wanda ya gaya cewa lokacin da jirgin saman da 'yan mata-kai harin sanya wani tilasta gaggawa saukowa a cikin taiga, Raskova tsalle tare da wani laima da aka samu kwana goma daga baya, m, amma bai rasa nufin ya lashe. "Gold Star" ga hazikan tsalle mace aka bayar da Order of Lenin da lambar.

A regimental kwamandan

Kwamandan "Dunkinogo rajimanti" kamar yadda raha kira 46 mace dare m rajimanti na fama Sister - da sojoji na Soviet Army, ya zama wani gogaggen Aviator Evdokia Davydovna Bershanskaya.

Evdokia aka haife Fabrairu 6, 1913 a Stavropol yankin, a cikin kauyen da yardarsa, kamar yadda wani maƙeri ta iyali. A lokacin yakin basasa, da yarinya rasa iyayenta, ta tarbiyyar da aka tsunduma ta kawun George Sereda. Zai yiwu shi ne godiya ga m wa'azi na kawunsa, wanda aka jera a matsayin Kwamishinan 286 dakaru rajimanti, da abokansa, cikinsu suna da irin shahararrun mutane a matsayin Voroshilov, Budyonny da Apanasenko mace da namiji hali ya yanke shawarar zama Tanƙwasa a sama. Graduating a Blagodarnenskogo makaranta yawan 1, ta sa suna a Bataisk matukan jirgi makaranta, bayan da ya fara koya akwai kamar yadda wani malami.

A 1941 Evdokia Davydovna aka nada kwamandan 46 Guards rajimanti mace dare m, a karkashin ta juya kan talatin da jirgin sama. Ya aka bayar da Order of Suvorov da Aleksandra Nevskogo.

Bayan da yaki, sai ya auri kwamandan na rajimanti na dare kai harin Konstantin Bocharov, kuma yana da 'ya'ya uku.

Awards da lakabi "Night Witches"

Taman mace rajimanti rarrabe da kuma yawan mata ya gabatar da lambar yabo. Ashirin da uku daga cikinsu suka zama Heroes na Tarayyar Soviet.

Bayan da rushewar Tarayyar Soviet Akimovoy Aleksandre Fedorovne da Sumarokova Tatiana Nikolaevna bayar da lakabi na Hero na Rasha, da kuma Dospanova Hiuaz bã da lakabi na Hero na Jamhuriyar Kazakhstan.

asara

Abin baƙin ciki, mata rani shiryayye ba ba tare da asarar. A lokacin yakin, inda suka kashe 32 matukan jirgin, amma su suna binne shi, godiya ga kokarin Evdokia Jakovlevny Rachkevich da kuma sauran wadanda suka tsira daga cikin rajimanti sojoji.

Har ila yau, yarinya mutu a wani hatsari a lokacin da wani horo motsa jiki, daga tsanani cututtuka da kuma raunin da ya faru a cikin soja asibitoci da kuma a wasu yanayi ba alaka yãƙi.

Ru'ya ta Yohanna Irina Rakobolskoy

Irina Rakobolskaya tsohon soja da kuma shugaban ma'aikata na mace m rajimanti, ba wata hira zuwa 'yan jarida.

A cikin ayoyinMu, ta ce, da tsoro samu a lokacin da ya ji a rediyo game da farkon yakin. Wannan shi ne m labarai fyauce da ta lokacin da ta shirya tare da budurwa ga jarrabawa a kimiyyar lissafi. Cry, da 'yan mata yanke shawarar zuwa tsare da Mahaifa, mahaifiyata.

Tun da tufafi a cikin kananan masu girma dabam a cikin Tarayyar Soviet da aka ba a yarda, matukan jirgin, aka tilasta sa a uniform tare da mutum kafada da takalma Girma 41-43. Kawai a cikin tsakiyar yaki da rajimanti ne wata al'ada kaya, wanda aka sanya a kan umarni na Janar Tuleneva.

Rakobolskaya girmamawa amsa ga Raskova, wanda aka sanya na "tanã haihuwar cikinta, shaggy, datti-masu gashi sojojin" sana'a rajimanti na dare kai harin. Laughingly ta tuna da casa'in Irina V. kan ta na farko zargi a lokacin da ta, kamar duk mata rajimanti umurnin umurce su da su yanke gashin kansu takaice, da kuma tsangwama da cewa ya faru a lokacin da ta koya daidai da yadda su naúrar yãƙi, 'yan'uwa.

The mace, suka yi yaƙi domin jama'a, domin nan gaba 'ya'yansu, tare da hawaye a cikin idanunsa ya gaya yadda ãƙibar wasu daga cikin' yan mata daga "Dunkinogo shiryayye" bayan da yaki, saboda ba dukan su samu sadaukarwa a peacetime. Duk da haka mai hikima Irina Vyacheslavovna Rakobolskaya, ba ya rike da wani iko alfãsha ba, kuma frivolous matasa. Ta yi imanin cewa, a fara yaki a zamaninmu, matasa maza da mata, ba tare da wani lokacin ta giga, ya tafi don kare mahaifarsa.

"Night Witches" a art

Tsarki ya tabbata ta kãma rajimanti kuma a cikin zane-zane. Game da jarumi 'yan mata yin fim mai yawa fina-finai da kuma sung mai yawa songs.

A farko faifai na fim game da 46 mace Guards rajimanti na dare kai harin mai suna "1100 Nights" da aka yin fim maniyyi Aronovich ko a lokacin Tarayyar Soviet a shekarar 1961. Bayan shekaru 20 a kan fuska daga wani movie - "The sama 'Night Witches."

Shahararren da ƙaunataccen aiki "wasu tsofaffin mutane zuwa yãƙi" ga wani mãkirci dauki labarin "Night Witches" Nadezhda Popova da kuma matukin jirgi Semena Harlamova.

Wasu waje kungiyoyin kamar Hail na Harsasai da Sabaton, a cikin qagaggun, sunã tasbĩhi mata 46 Guards rajimanti.