Ana zargin statehood a gabashin Slavs - da kuma normannizm antinormannizm

Da samuwar jihar a cikin tarihin duniya, na nuna wani gagarumin ci gaba na tattalin arziki - da tattalin arziki da siyasa tsakanin kasashen, wayar da kan jama'a na hadin kai, kabilanci ainihi na da yawa danginsa kabilu. Duk da haka, da tsari da aka lokacin cinyewa kuma ake bukata mai yawa kokarin a kan wani ɓangare na tribal jagoranci da kuma mutane da shi na goyon bayan.

Ana zargin statehood a gabashin Slavs a kai a kai kiwata muhawara game da ta jagoranci} asar. Mawallafa, da dama an karkata zuwa Varangian ka'idar da samuwar jihar na Slavs. Kuma wane ne waɗannan guda Vikings? Kasashen Vikings - shi ne mai kawo rigima. Saboda haka, a cewar wasu masana kimiyya wadannan mutane - da Normans, Norsemen. A nasa ra'ayin, su ci gaba daga gaskiya cewa wannan zamanin da Norman mamayar a cikin tẽku, kasashen Turai, abubuwa na wadannan kamfen iya zama cikin ƙasar Eastern Slavs.

Fitowan na zamanin d Rasha jihar for quite lokaci mai tsawo a tarihi kimiyya hade da Normans da su shugaban Rurik. An jãyayya da cewa Slavs kansu ga shi sun ba su iya saboda ta ci baya. Wannan ka'idar ta bayyana a cikin Yaren mutanen Sweden da kuma Rasha adawa a lokacin da matsaloli su gaskata da m bukatun na Scandinavians. Kuma a sa'an nan wadannan ra'ayoyi suna nan da nan samuwa ga kasashen waje ayyuka a karkashin Rasha exacerbation na dangantaka da kasashen yamma. Masana kimiyya, yayi wannan hangen zaman gaba a kan zargin statehood a gabashin Slavs, ya zama sananne normannistami da ka'idar - normannistskoy. Normannizma uzuri da wasu Rasha masana kimiyya na Jamus asalin (GF Miller, Schletzer PM), kazalika da wadanda mambobi ne na hukuma Rasha historiography, wanda ciyar normannizm karfafa ikon da tasowar da Rurik daular.

Abokan adawar na da Norman ka'idar fitowan statehood a gabashin Slavs a cikin karni na sha takwas zama da aka sani Rasha tarihi Mikhail Lomonosov, VN Tatishchev A da karatu, da suka bayar da hujjar cewa Rurik da Vikings - shi ne wakilan da Baltic Slavs, wanda aka hade da gabashin Slavs kowa al'adu, ethnogenesis, harshe. Proponents wannan matsayi a cikin tarihi kimiyya kira antinormannistami.

Daga baya, Rasha da kuma Soviet masana tarihi sun tabbatar da cewa zargin statehood a gabashin Slavs aka Brewing dogon kafin Normans, kuma kamar yadda muhawara gaskiya ne na jama'a da ilimi a Antes. Daga baya, farkon jihar fiye bayyanannu a cikin sarautar Chia. Duk da haka, da muhawara a kan wannan batu ba su hanu ba da jam'iyyun ba daban-daban muhawara a cikin ni'imar. Babban shaida na fitowan na zamani normannistov nationhood daga Slavs - wannan archaeological kayayyakin gargajiya a arewa maso yammacin ƙasashen Slavs, wanda aka fassara a matsayin Scandinavian. Antinormannisty kare matsayinsu ta hanyar harsuna, Anthropology, Madogararsa. Kuma mafi yawa imani labarinsa, a cikin abin da Nestor fili gano Vikings da Kalmar "Rus". Saboda haka, zargin statehood a gabashin Slavs - wani bude tambaya, ko da yake shaida nuna bangarorin biyu fiye da isa, amma a kimiyya, akwai magoya bayan duka biyu daya da kuma sauran ra'ayi.