FreeBSD - abin da yake da shi? A abũbuwan amfãni daga FreeBSD kafin Linux Windows

A filin na zamani software da bude Madogararsa kalmar "da Linux" kusan zama more ta a maimaikon "Operating System", amma 'yan mutane san cewa a gaskiya wannan ba kawai OS Unix-kamar yau, inda tushen code shi ne samuwa ga duk.

A cewar data samu daga IOSC, a 1999, kusan uku na dukan inji cewa an haɗa ka da Intanit, aiki a kan tushen da tsarin aiki da Linux, yayin da kusan 15% amfani da FreeBSD tsarin aiki. Abin da irin tsarin, da kuma 'yan zamani PC masu amfani san wannan rana, duk da dukan da abũbuwan amfãni, kuma tartsatsi a cikin lokaci. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa da yawa daga cikin shugabannin kasashen duniya a fannin Web-sabis ne rayayye aiki a kan wannan tsarin. A musamman, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa zuwa ranar, Yahoo tsarin dangane FreeBSD. Yana bada masu amfani da kansu su ne kamar wuya ya san ko tunani, amma masu imani da tsarin da yake daidai.

Mene ne BSD?

BSD tsaye ga Berkeley Software Rarraba. Wannan shi ne yadda a cikin lokaci kira software cewa UC Berkeley aka rarraba a source lambobin. Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa asalin Baya ga daidaitattun UNIX tsarin aiki - shi ne kawai abin da ya FreeBSD. Abin da ya cewa idan aka kwatanta da na yanzu version na tsarin?

Bisa version 4.4 BSD-Lite haifar da mahara Tsarukan aiki tare da bude Madogararsa. A musamman, da abun da ke ciki daga cikin wadannan tsarin hada da ci gaban sauran ayyukan, ciki har da kulawa ta musamman cancanci GNU Project.

tsarin

Abũbuwan amfãni, kuma siffofin da tsarin bai bambanta FreeBSD tsarin. Abin da irin tsarin:

• Da zuciyar wanda ake yi nufi ga hankali shiryawa dukkan matakai, memory management, aiki tare da wani iri-iri na'urorin, da kuma goyon baya ga Multi-processor tsarin. Ya kamata a lura da cewa, da bambanci ga Linux tsarin aiki, a wannan yanayin, akwai da dama iri BSD kernels, wanda ake bambanta da daban-daban fasali.
• C library, wanda aka yi amfani a matsayin babban tsarin shirye-shirye dubawa, wanda dogara ne a kan code daga Berkeley, ba GNI na aikin.
• Kowane irin fayil utilities, compilers, bawo, linkers, da sauran karshen-mai amfani da software, da kuma wasu daga cikinsu suna dogara ne a kan GNU code.
• FreeBSD UNIX - da tsarin aiki, wanda ya hada da X Window, wanda shi ne kai tsaye da alhakin zana ke dubawa. Wannan tsarin yana amfani da mafi versions na BSD m da kuma a hukumance da goyan bayan X.Org aikin. Wannan tsarin damar mai amfani zabi daga mahara tebur muhallin, kazalika da dama haske taga manajoji.
• A babban adadin wasu tsarin da kuma aikace-aikace software.

Mene ne real UNIX?

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa a kanta FreeBSD UNIX - da tsarin aiki ne ko da yaushe daban-daban. Kuma da iri irin wannan tsarin ne ba kwafi masu kunnen doki da juna. Su ne kawai zuriyar magabata - wani gargajiya UNIX aiki tsarin. Wannan al'amari na iya zama da ɗan mamaki, musamman idan muka tuna cewa developer na tsarin aiki ba wahayi zuwa ga jama'a na aukuwa lambobin.

BSD - shi ne UNIX?

Lalle ne, UNIX aiki tsarin ba ya da wani software yana da wani bude tushen code, sabili da haka da BSD shakka ba za a kira UNIX tsarin, idan kawai saboda cewa Gui tsarin aiki ne daban-daban. Duk da haka, a lokaci guda, kamfanin da cewa ci gaba da UNIX, rayayye amfani da wasu mutane ta ci gaba, da kuma musamman shi da dangantaka da software da aka ɓullo da CSRG kungiyar.

Da farko BSD rabawa, kuma aka zana mai amfani dubawa tsarin aiki ne mai hadaddun al'ada shirye-shirye, a halin da ake ciki da cewa dade daidai, muddin kamfanin bai sanya hannu a kwangila tare da DARPA, ƙarƙashin ma'aikatar tsaro. Dalilin da kwangila - wannan ta karshe da dama sadarwa ladabi, wanda aka goyan bayan da hukumar kwamfuta cibiyar sadarwa.

A lokacin 80-ies kafa da dama kamfanonin tsunduma a samar da workstations, shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa da yawa daga cikinsu sun samu wani lasisi don amfani UNIX, maimakon kokarin ci gaba daga karce da kansa software. A musamman, ya kamata mu ambaci, Sun Microsystems, wanda ya tafi da wannan hanya da kuma yanke shawarar a kan tushen da version 4.2BSD ƙarshe saki nasu OSes, wanda aka kira SunOSTM. Lokacin da kamfanin AT & T, aka tsunduma a cikin ci gaban UNIX, ƙarshe yanke shawarar yin kasuwanci sayar da kansa tsarin aiki, akwai wani fairly danda-ƙasũsuwa aiwatar - System III, domin wanda a kan lokaci da aka bi a matsayin fitarwa System System V.

Domin wasu dalilai, wannan tsarin aiki da ya rage unclaimed?

Akwai wasu yawan dalilan da cewa a yau 10 FreeBSD yana amfani da babu irin wannan high bukatar:

• mafi yawan developers sha'awar da ingancin nasu code, kuma mafi daga gare ta da nika maimakon talla.
• By kuma manyan, Linux ta shahararsa shi ne a sakamakon wani yawan waje dalilai dangane da wannan aikin, musamman da kamar abin da kafofin watsa labarai, kazalika da kamfanonin da cewa sun yanke shawarar samar da nasu kasuwanci da samar da ayyuka ga masu amfani da tsarin aiki.
• BSD developers a wani m rinjaye ne mafi gogaggen idan aka kwatanta da Linux Developers, dangane da abin da suka kasance da yawa kasa hankali ne ya biya don yin rayuwa sauki ga talakawa masu amfani. A wasu kalmomin, FreeBSD saitin ga talakawan mai amfani shi ne mafi hadaddun fiye da Linux saitin.
• A shekarar 1992, UNIX developer ya yanke shawarar ya Sue kamfanin BSDI, wanda aka tsunduma a cikin wadata da BSD / 386 tsarin aiki. Babban cajin a cikin wannan yanayin ne gaskiya cewa OS dauke mallakar tajirai code, wanda ya kasance daga cikin mai kara, da kuma kamar misalin ƙarshe aka zaunar daga kotu a shekarar 1994, amma a dukan kewayon sakandare da'awar har yau poisons rayukan mutane da dama.
• An yi imani da cewa da kansa BSD ayyukan harkokin kansu bambanta da haka yiwu ko da rikici da juna. Wannan ra'ayi ne dangane da abubuwan da ya faru tuntuni.

Wanne ne mafi alhẽri - Linux ko BSD?

Don kwanan wata, mafi sau da yawa zaba ta hanyar installing da Apache uwar garke, FreeBSD maimakon gargajiya ga mafi sauran Linux tsarin. Ga talakawan mai amfani, bambanci tsakanin wadannan tsarin ne abin mamaki low, kamar yadda biyu kayayyakin su ne bisa UNIX. Duka tsarin da ake ci gaba a kan wani ciniki akai.

Wanda ya mallaki BSD?

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa akwai wani mutum ko kamfanin wanda ya mallaki, tasowa BSD. A ci gaba da m rarraba da tsarin da aka za'ayi da wani rukuni na sosai gwani da kuma kwazo da aikin yayin da kwararru daga ko'ina cikin duniya. Wasu aka gyara na BSD raba ayyukan da bude Madogararsa, wanda yana da dokoki da kuma ci gaban teams.

Menene ku ka zabi?

Da zabi tsakanin wadannan tsarukan ne da gaske quite hadaddun, don haka akwai da dama tips cewa zai ba ka damar zaɓar wanne zaɓi ne mafi kyau - Linux ko FreeBSD. Teams a lokuta biyu ne quite kama, saboda haka zabi sau da yawa za dangane da wadannan:

• Idan ka yi amfani da wani musamman Open Source tsarin aiki, a wannan yanayin, ya kamata ka ba ko da canja wani abu.
• FreeBSD tsarin iya nuna yafi hakan yi, amma wannan mulki ne ba na kowa da kowa.
• BSD tsarin ne da kyawawan mai kyau suna, da kuma musamman AMINCI.
• BSD-ayyukan ne halin da suna mai kyau saboda gaskiyar cewa su ne na high quality, kuma cikawa na samuwa takardun.
• A BSD iya amfani da m yawan Linux executable files, yayin da Linux ba zai iya yin amfani da yawa m, a BSD fayiloli.

Yana bayar da goyon bayan sana'a, kazalika da hidima FreeBSD - tashoshin jiragen ruwa da kuma tsarin - FreeBSD Mall Company, Inc.