Gidan wutar lantarki mafi inganci a duniya. Masana injiniya

Kamfanoni da ke aiki tare da yin amfani da shi a wasu lokutan suna yin amfani da irin wadannan na'urori mai mahimmanci kamar masu karba da masu karba. A gare su, ana buƙatar ƙarin kayan aiki masu ƙarfi, ciki har da (kuma yana da wuri mafi mahimmanci) motar. Gidan wutar lantarki mafi inganci a duniya a yau ana samarwa a Finland, a cikin kamfanin da ake kira Wartsila. Yana da injin wuta mai ƙera diesel tare da damar har zuwa 100,000 kW.

Game da mu

Wartsila yana daya daga cikin manyan kamfanonin da ke samar da matakan tashar jiragen ruwa. Tun daga shekarun 90 na karni na karshe, ta fara tayar da injuna mai suna Wartsila-Sulzer-RTA96-C. Yana da kullun biyu da kuma babbar wutar lantarki a duniya.

Misalai iri-iri na mai mulki suna da irin wannan zane. Bambanci shine a cikin yawan cylinders. Abokin ciniki zai iya zaɓar wani ɓangaren naúrar tare da gaban 6 cylinders 6 zuwa 14.

Cylinders da lambar

Don fahimtar yanayin girman zane, zaku iya tunanin cewa diamita na cylinder kadai shine 960 millimeters, kuma fashewa na piston yana da mita 2.5. Amma game da aikin aiki na sashi, yana da lita 1820. Fiye da 100 kwantena suna sanye da irin waɗannan raka'a, wanda aka sanya 8 zuwa 20 cylinders. Irin waɗannan jirgi, waɗanda suke ɗauke da kaya har zuwa 10,000, za su iya inganta gudun sama da kilomita 46 a kowace awa.

A karo na farko wannan mashahurin wutar lantarki mafi girma a duniya, tare da 11 cylinders, aka gina a shekarar 1997. Kamfanin na Diesel United ne. Kuma bayan shekaru 5 a Finland ya sanar da cewa yana yiwuwa a samar da naúrar tare da 14 cylinders. Wannan motar ne wanda ya rage a yau.

Gidan wutar lantarki mafi inganci a duniya

Wannan samfurin yana da nauyin dawakai 108,920. Girman aiki na janareta ya kai 25 480 lita.

Da farko kallo, damar rageccen lita zai iya zama m: a kan lita 1 shine kimanin 4.3 "dawakai". Idan ka dauki babbar wutar lantarki a duniya a kan mota, za ka ga cewa a cikin masu zane-zane sun koyi yadda za su samu fiye da 100 horsepower. Amma a game da ɗakin jirgi, an zaɓi wannan ƙananan mutum don dalilai. Injin yana aiki a hankali - a matsakaicin iko ikon gudu ne kawai 102 rpm (don kwatanta: a kan motoci din diesel, daga 3000 zuwa 5000 rpm aka lura). Saboda haka, an samu kyakkyawan canjin gas a cikin dandalan mai. Kuma idan kun ƙara zuwa wannan ƙananan gudu na piston, za ku sami kyakkyawan dacewa.

A wani yanayin, da takamaiman man fetur amfani jeri daga 118 zuwa 126 grams na "doki" awa. Wannan ya fi sau biyu fiye da na dandalan fasinja.

Idan aka kwatanta da haɗarin mota, ya kamata a kara da cewa ana amfani da man fetur din diesel mai nauyi a kan jiragen ruwa, wanda a wasu lokuta yana da ƙananan abun ciki.

Saboda haka, nauyin ƙwayar 14-cylinder yana da 2300 ton ba tare da la'akari da ruwa mai yawa ba. Kwanci ɗaya kawai yana kimanin kimanin ton 300. Hakanan, wannan kyakkyawan ginin diesel ya kai lamba 26.7 mita, kuma a tsawo - har zuwa mita 13.2.

Kowane cylinder yana da babban bawul. Sauran ƙananan sassa guda uku, waɗanda suke da nauyin injectors a cikin raka'a mota, suna amfani da man fetur a cikin kwaminis.

Bunkon yana shafe. A shaye gas gare aka aika zuwa wani haraji, sa'an nan - ga turbochargers. Ƙarshen yana dauke da iska zuwa windows da aka yanke a kasa na Silinda, wanda ya bude yayin da piston yake a cikin cibiyar da aka mutu.

Ana amfani da karfi daga piston zuwa cikin kullun ta hanyar amfani da girasar, wadda ta kara yawan aikin injiniyar diesel.

Babban kayan daga wanda sassa na marine engine, ne duk guda baƙin ƙarfe ne da karfe.

Abubuwan da suka dace

A halin yanzu, masu zanen kaya ba su daina tsinkayen abubuwan da suke da ban sha'awa. A bayyane yake, a gare su amsar wannan tambayar shine mafi inganci. Abinda aka tsara. Akwai riga jita-jita game da cigaban man diesel 18-cylinder na jiragen ruwa.

A yanzu, za ka iya taƙaita siffofin mafi ban sha'awa na fasalin 14-cylinder na engine:

• Weight ba tare da la'akari da fuels da lubricants ne 2300 ton;
• Tsawon naúrar yana da mita 27;
• Tsawon - mita 13.4;
• Mafi girma iko samu a 102 rpm ne 108,920 horsepower;
• Amfanin kuɗi - fiye da lita 6283 a kowace awa na aiki.