"Golden laima" - wanda kamata ya biya diyya. The girman da "zinariya laima"

A lexicon na Rasha kasuwanci zo gwada sabon lokaci - "zinariya laima." Menene wannan sabon abu? Mene ne yiwuwa ga ta kara gabatarwa tsakanin Rasha da 'yan kasuwa?

Me laima, kuma me ya sa zinariya?

Kalmar "zinariya laima" ya zo daga Birtaniya - inda kalmar "Golden laima" shi ne mai ban sha'awa diyya (yawanci a cikin adireshin a saman manajan), idan aikin kwangila da aka kare. "Laima" - saboda a lokacin da koran wani mutum tabbas ne a "taushi saukowa", da kuma "zinariya" - a matsayin Figures a irin wannan yarjejeniyar sau da yawa kawai astronomical, wani lokacin a cikin miliyoyin daloli. Diyya na iya samun wani kai tsaye ba format a matsayin aza kashe ma'aikata don samun damar da kamfanin ta hannun jari a fifikon farashin. Tambayar ita ce, yadda kamfanonin amfana daga irin karimci?

Amsar mai sauki ne: "zinariya laima" kare kasuwanci daga ganĩmõmi. A kamfanin, wanda ya yi niyyar saya up hannun jari na fafatawa a gasa, zaton sosai a hankali kafin yin haka - da yiwu biyan manajoji zaune a cikin "zinariya parachutes", za a iya numfashi kudi nauyi. Hakika, akwai wani loophole ga cin hanci da rashawa - manajoji sa hannu kan "zinariya" kwangila iya ganganci taimaka fafatawa a gasa zuwa sha su m. Duk da haka, idan a cikin shirye-shiryen da wani aikin kwangila aiki m lauya, za ka iya rajistar abubuwa da cewa kare kasuwanci daga irin wannan gimmicks. Bugu da kari ga "zinariya", duniya yi ya sani "azurfa" (suna tsakiyar manajoji) da kuma "tin" (biya talakawa da ma'aikata) parachutes.

Tare da "zinariya laima" - ritaya

Daya daga cikin mafi girma Rasha kamfanoni a kan kudi yawa - "Gazprom". "Golden parachutes" a matsayin sabon abu ne ba dan hanya zuwa wannan kamfanin, amma da al'adar su aikace-aikace a cikin "gas giant" yana da wani fairly m irin - shi ne sun fi mayar da fensho biya da cewa an samu ta ma'aikata tare da shekaru gwaninta a karshen rayuwarsa.

Duk da haka, kamar yadda ya bayyana a wasu kafofin watsa labarai, "Gazprom" iya ma rage "zinariya" social shirye-shirye - alal misali, a wasu yankuna, inda da aiki kungiyar, a cikin ma'aikatan kwarewa, wanda wajibi ne ga "ja da baya zinariya laima", daina za a dauka a asusun a lokacin aikin zuwa sauran kamfanoni . Wasu masana sun yi imanin cewa wannan shiri ne a "gas giant" - sakamakon shugaban kasar Rokon a kan kudin ragi a cikin kamfanin, mai juya gungumen azaba, a wanda mallakar jihar. Akwai kuma wani version cewa manajoji kansu rassa na "Gazprom" ba da bita na zamantakewa goyon bayan matakan ga ma'aikatan.

"Golden parachutes" da kuma Rasha Reality

A tattalin arzikin kasar mu da aka gina a wuya matuƙa yanayi. Saboda haka, "zinariya parachutes" a Rasha zai babu makawa yi tsiwirwirinsu kasa ƙayyadaddu. Da farko, domin su bayyana a matsayin wani gagarumin sabon abu ne mun gwada kwanan nan: a shekarar 2009 kadai, Tarayyar Service for kudi kasuwanni da aka sa a gaba wani kyautatuwa da dokar "A hadin gwiwa Stock Kamfanoni", bisa ga abin da zartarwa matsayi zo da wani batu game da diyya a kan ƙarshe na aikin kwangila.

Saboda haka, da majalisu tsari na "laima" da wahala da cewa da al'adar caji "zinariya" bonus a Rasha ne sosai matasa. Wasu masana sun ce: biyan diyya na saman manajoji ba ko da yaushe a cikin tsarin na "fari" na makirci. Wannan shi ne hali da wani Rasha matsala. Sau da yawa sosai, da ainihin lambobi a cikin "parachutes" masu girma dabam zama wani asiri - daya wajabta a cikin kwangila darajar, amma a hannun wani mutum samun cikakken sauran kudi.

Nauyi kalma mahukunta da kuma ra'ayin jama'a

A Rasha shari'a yi, akwai wani m ga fitarwa biyan bashin "zinariya parachutes" m. A lokaci guda, wannan al'amari ya sa mai fadi da jama'a rawa. Samu adadin da dama miliyan rubles cikin farkon sallama ya a saman manajan "Rostelecom" Alexander Provotorov. "Golden laima" ga shi, na nada sadarwa giant, ya sa muhimmanci rawa a cikin kasuwanci al'umma.

Kamfanin ta hannun jeri sun yi a kara akan hukuncin (shi ya ɗauki kwamitin gudanarwa). A sakamakon ji - da nada amfanin aka gane a matsayin m. Duk da haka, wannan hukunci da aka] aukaka} ara. Amma abu mafi muhimmanci a cikin wannan labarin - mafi jama'a san abin da a "zinariya laima." "Rostelecom" saninsa ba da gudummawar da wannan. Ra'ayinsu game da babbar severance biya na saman manajoji bayyana ta wakilan da mafi echelons na iko.

A cikin "zinariya parachutes" bakinka gwagwarmaya

Aiki a kan dokar, ya sanya hannu da shugaban, aka qaddamar da gwagwarmaya na siyasa jam'iyya "Mutane ta Front". An yi imani da cewa a lokacin taron da al'umma mambobi na kungiyar tare da shugaban kasar tada fitowar ta da bukatar gwamnatin sa baki a cikin zubar da mallakar gwamnati kudi wajen. Game da gaskiya muka gani a sama lissafi na "zinariya parachutes" a cikin adadin miliyan 200 rubles Alexander Pravotorova na "Rostelecom" gwagwarmaya bayyana bewilderment. Shugaban kasar Rasha amince da wadannan sentiments.

Yana da aka shirya cewa girman da "zinariya parachutes" za a iyakance zuwa 6 albashi, duk da haka, jihar Duma wakilai, sun a cikin ni'imar muhimmanci mafi girma ƙuntatawa - uku a kowane wata biya. "Popular Front" gwagwarmaya a lokaci guda shiryawa zuwa lobby domin sababbin dokokin, ciki har da wadanda cewa taƙaita girman da wata-wata albashi iyaka ba kawai domin saman manajoji na jihar kamfanoni, amma kuma ga ma'aikata a duk matakan.

Parachutes ne a karkashin jihar iko

A Jihar Duma, a mayar da martani ga al'umma tunanin, amince da dokokin da za ta amfane girman da sallama daga mutane rike da manyan mukamai a jihar (da kuma na birni) kamfanoni za a iyakance zuwa uku albashi. Complete yarjejeniyoyin da "zinariya parachutes" a lokaci guda 'yan majalisar sun ba a gani. A farkon 2014, Rasha, shugaban kasar ya sanya hannu a dokar cewa ƙuntatãwa biyan "zinariya parachutes" to top-manajoji na hukumomi, da rinjaye, wanda kasance a jihar Tsarin. Saboda haka, shirin na Tarayya Service for kudi kasuwanni ya samu ƙarin majalisu tsari. Wasu kafofin watsa labarai ya bayyana cewa bayanai hani a kan biyan bashin da "zinariya parachutes" na iya shafar ma jihar kashe-kasafin kudin kudi. Har ila yau, a kan ramuwa da iyaka ga sallama iya shafar ba kawai gudanarwa na jihar kungiyoyin, amma kuma bincike da kuma mambobi na kula allon.

Kama up da kuma cimma "Rostelecom"

Ko kafin rawa yanayin da Rasha ta most sadarwa kamfani, wasu kasuwar 'yan wasa, a yawancin abin da aka sarrafawa da jihar, ba su yi shakka karfafa gwiwar' saman manajoji da "zinariya parachutes". Saboda haka, da muka sani da facts, a lokacin da babban jami'in manajoji a manyan makamashi kamfanonin sami amfani mai yawa (wani lokacin lambobin wuce 130 da miliyan rubles). M alaka "zinariya parachutes" a Rostelecom, bisa ga masana, ba zai iya shafar kashi na masu zaman kansu hukumomi. Akwai lokutta idan shugabannin kamfanonin suna daga cikin mafi girma metallurgical kamfanonin shirya da sallama daga biyan 'yan dubun miliyoyin daloli. A 2010, lokacin da wani iko kan gungumen azaba da "BRICS" canza mai shi na kamfanin aza kashe da dama m executives. Daya daga cikin su samu diyya a cikin adadin fiye da miliyan 200 rubles.

"Parachutes" - na duniya sabon abu

Masana sun kiyasta cewa talakawan girman da "zinariya parachutes" a Amurka - game da 12% na ribar da aikata ta hanyar da kamfanin a lokacin da shekara (wajen daidaita 1.7% na kamfanin ya share farashin). Duk da haka, bayan da rikicin a 2008-2009, kasar tare da mafi karfin tattalin arziki a duniya sun soma wani yawan shawarwari, wanda nufa hani a kan wannan biya (ko da yake a ainihin wording - dangane da mafi harkokin mulki matsayi na bankuna).

Kasashen "Big Ashirin", ciki har da Rasha, ta yi alkawarin samar da aikin kimantawa da sharudda ga manajoji na bashi cibiyoyin sun kasance ba lokuta inda wani banki ne marasa amfani baki ɗaya, da kuma darektan ke da "Mercedes". Duk da haka, wannan shirin, kamar yadda masana lura, duk da haka ne kawai mai shiryarwa. G20 matsayi ne m - a cikin rikicin shekaru, duk da fadowa kasuwanni da kuma lalata bankuna, manajojin wasu kudi cibiyoyin sun samu manya-manyan bonus bayan korar.

Turai kan "laima"!

A Switzerland - a cikin main "banki ma'aikata" na duniya - "zinariya parachutes", kamar yadda aka nuna ta hanyar daya daga cikin kuri'ar raba gardama ba da aka gudanar a babban girma. A 'yan ƙasa suka goyi albashi da kuma kari ga jami'an na manyan kamfanoni da aka iyakance. Kuma irin wannan abu a matsayin severance kunshin, soke gaba ɗaya. A ra'ayin rike wani raba gardama a kasar zo a ƙarƙashin rinjayar da duniya rikicin. Low yi Manuniya hukumomi da kuma bankuna aka dũkan kan bango na babbar zartarwa albashi. Daga cikin kamfanonin magani ya magabãta zuwa biyan bashin na tsohon shugaban kasar na kamfanin ta $ 80 miliyan "zinariya laima." A dawowar, da ya yi alkawari ba don samun aiki a cikin wani m m.

A Swiss jama'a lakabi ne sosai biya saman manajoji na "mai Cats." Masana sun lura cewa majalisar da kuma gwamnatin na Switzerland bai goyi bayan jama'a yanayi da za su iya anab cikin wani raba doka a kan "zinariya parachutes". An yi imani da hukumomi iya rage gasa na jihar, zai fararwa da hijirarsa daga talented mutane suka sami damar gudanar. Amma akwai kuma magoya bayan na shirin, ya ce cewa zuba jari za su je Switzerland a matsayin lokaci na rayayye, kamar yadda kamfanonin za su biya wani barga rara ga hannun jeri maimakon jawabin da kudi a kan duk da haka wani "zinariya laima."