Human kwarangwal tibia. Kananan da tibia

Menene kananan da kuma tibia? Ina kowane daga cikinsu? Ta yaya ne su dangane?

A farko (tibia) kashi ne dake juya daga tsakiya.

The nauyi na jiki yana daukar kwayar cutar zuwa da goyon bayan yankin na tsaye (inji) duka kafa axis. Tibia kashi haɗa zuwa cinya ta hanyar gwiwa hadin gwiwa. Lower reshe tsaye axis ya wuce ta tsakiyar na gwiwa hadin gwiwa da cibiyar da mahadin idon sawun. Tibia kafa Bears nauyi na jiki, wadda take kaiwa zuwa wani babban (a kwatanta da kananan) kauri.

Wani lokaci akwai wani karkacewa a kaikaice, ko gefen tsakiyar, wanda entails wani canji a cikin kwana tsakanin tibia da femur. Lokacin da karfi furta sabawa na lura "X-siffa" ko "Ya-dimbin yawa" nau'i na kafafu.

A epiphysis (proximal baki) suranta biyu (kaikaice da kuma tsakiya) condyle. A roko ga hip gefe suna da slabovognutye hadin gwiwa dandali aiki a kan wani a haɗa aiki. Rabuwa da articular saman na condyles tadawa yi tare da biyu knobs. A gaba da raya ƙarshen tadawa ne daya kananan rami. A saman na gidajen abinci kewaye da thickened baki (kufan abin da aka makala na hadin gwiwa kwantena). A gaban farfajiya na kashi ne sosai m m kumbura - agara da aka makala site (as gwiwa-jijiya) quadriceps. Posterolateral rabo daga kaikaice condyle hada da wani karamin lebur surface (abin da aka makala wuri fibula kashi shugaban). A jikin kunshi wani gaban, a kaikaice da kuma tsakiya fuskoki tsakanin wanda aka located na baya, tsakiya kuma a kaikaice saman. A daidai wannan lokaci da sharpest (gaban) fuska kuma da tsakiya surface a fili za a ji ta fata. A gefen tsakiyar daga cikin ƙananan distal karshen (epiphysis) yana da karfi tsari (tsakiya malleolus), bayan da wani tsagi ne lebur. A kaikaice gefen distal karshen da aka yanke, inda ta shiga cikin qananan da tibia. Adaptations to kafa uku kwarangwal ƙafãfunsu ne a kan kasa baki.

Na biyu (kananan, bakin ciki da kuma dogon, tare da thickened iyakar) is located in tibia tibia laterally. A proximal (babba) shugaban suranta epiphysis. By roundish lebur hadin gwiwa surface ne m to gundarin tibial condyle kashi. Upper kai - protrusion located da ɗan posteriorly da laterally daga wannan surface. Triquetrum jiki siffar da ɗan juya fadin tsaye axis. A distal (m) epiphysis aka thickened da kuma Forms kaikaice (m hadin gwiwa surface) na idon.

Fractures na condyles (intraarticular lalacewar) na tibia.

Sun yawanci faruwa a cikin ƙananan kafa baƙin karkacewa ko waje, ko a lokacin da fall a kan mike kafafu. Rarrabe karaya ciki da waje condyle. Ciki-articular lalacewar iya a tare da lalacewar da jijiya na'ura a gwiwa, meniscus, intercondylar shahararsa, fibula kashi shugaban da sauransu.

Fractures suna tare da wani karuwa a cikin juz'i na hadin gwiwa, tare da reshe dan kadan lankwasa. A sabawa waje drumsticks (idan lalace m condyle) ko a cikin (idan lalace ciki condyle). A condyles mai gangara girma muhimmanci karu. Akwai kuma rashin aiki ƙungiyoyi a cikin hadin gwiwa, ciki har da rashin iyawa tada kafar a mike yanayin. Lokacin da m ƙungiyoyi akwai mai kaifi zafi. A wasu lokuta lalacewar yana tare da lalacewa da m condyle fibular kashi wuyansa, ko shugaban. Yana iya lura jijiya lalacewar cewa an gano take hakkin ji na ƙwarai da kuma mota aiki na ƙafa.