Nau'o'i gargajiya Music: Past da kuma Present

"Classical music" da kuma "gargajiya music" - biyu gaba daya m wording, free daga terminology tsarin, nuna da m samuwar m al'adu, tarihi da kuma muhimmanci al'amurra na kara bunkasa. Sau da yawa da kalmar "gargajiya music" da aka maye gurbinsu da kalmar "ilimi music".

A labarin na

Ko da kuwa da terminology, gargajiya music yana da wani tabbataccen tarihi asalin, hade da marigayi haske lokaci na gargajiya da zamani. Shayari kuma dramaturgy a lokacin da aka dogara ne a kan ayyukan da tsoho mawallafa, da kuma wannan dabara ne ma ake magana m al'adu. Triniti - lokaci da kuma wuri na mataki, an complied tare a cikin Genre na wasar kwaikwayo ta waka da kuma sauran m nau'o'i dangantawa da wallafe-wallafen kafofin. Oratorios, cantatas haifa da hatimi na classicism, wani irin misali na 17-19 ƙarni. A operas mamaye da libretto, rubuta a kan tsoho lokaci.

zama

Kusan duk nau'o'i na gargajiya music a wata hanya da alaka da gargajiya zamanin. Mawaki Gluck kasance daya daga cikin mafi shahararren mabiya na zamanin d al'ada a music, ya ya iya saduwa da duk canons na lokaci a ayyukansu. A zamanin baya halin da hujjõji ma'auni dabaru, mai bayyana shirin su, da jituwa da kuma, mafi muhimmanci, da cikawa na gargajiya music. Duk da haka, bambanci tsakanin nau'o'i gano lokacin da polyphony m amma da tabbaci ƙaryata, kuma a wurinsa ya tashi kusan shifran saurare definition na salo. A tsawon lokaci, da nau'o'i na gargajiya music sun samu wani babban mataki na ilimi.

A wasar kwaikwayo ta waka soloed jam'iyyun sun zama markedly ĩkon tasarrufi a rakiyar muryoyin, alhãli kuwa a baya duk shiga a cikin wasan kwaikwayon sun daidaita. A manufa na mamayar wadãtar da sauti na libretto ya dauka a mabanbanta tsari, da kuma gabatar da aka Theatrical da operatic. Har ila yau, sabobin tuba instrumental was, solo kida koma gaba, rakiyar kiyaye a bango.

Music nau'o'i, yayi da kuma styles

A lokacin da marigayi gargajiya sabon music "samfurori" aka halicce su. Nau'o'i gargajiya music zama tartsatsi a cikin marigayi 18th karni. Orchestra, gungu, solo-vocal da symphonic makada bi musamman sabon canons na music, tare da improvisation aka rage girmanta.

Abin da bambanta nau'o'i na gargajiya music? A jerin ne kamar haka su:

• bambancin;
• taron makada.
• wasar kwaikwayo ta waka.
• instrumental kide.
• cantatas.
• oratorio.
• Preludes da Fugues.
• sonata.
• suite.
• toccata.
• fantasy.
• Gabar music.
• nocturnes.
• vocal taron makada.
• tagulla music.
• overtures.
• Music Mass.
• zabura.
• elegy.
• etudes.
• mawaka a matsayin m form.

ci gaba

By tsakiyar 18th karni orchestras aka tattara a bazuwar, kuma abun da ke ciki ne m da mawaki. Marubucin na music da ya gina su da samfur ga takamaiman kayan aikin, mafi sau da yawa shi ne mai kananan yawan kirtani, da tagulla. Daga baya, akwai makada akai-akai, isasshe jitu sauƙaƙe da ci gaban da Genre na taron makada da instrumental music. Wadannan makada yi mai sunan, da kuma rangadin kullum sovershestvovalis a cikin gaba yankin.

A farkon karni na 19th a cikin jerin kiɗa .., da dama sabon kwatance. Waɗannan su ne concertos for clarinet da kuma ƙungiyar makaɗa, orgána Orchestra da sauran haduwa. Har ila yau, akwai abin da ake kira Sinfonietta, a takaice yanki na music tare da sa hannu na dukan ƙungiyar makaɗa. A lokaci guda ya zama gaye Requiem.

Composers na gargajiya lokaci, Johann Sebastian Bach da 'ya'yansa maza, Kristof Glyuk, wakilan da Italian da Mannheim Opera kafa Viennese gargajiya makaranta, wanda kuma hada Haydn, Mozart da Beethoven. A cikin ayyukan da wadannan Masters sun classic siffofin taron makada, sonata, instrumental guda. Daga baya ya tashi jam'iyya was, piano uku, daban-daban kirtani quartets da quintets.

Viennese gargajiya music na marigayi gargajiya lokaci tafi smoothly a gaba lokaci, lokacin romanticism. Mutane da yawa composers fara rubuta a cikin wani free hanya, su aiki, sa'an nan kuma bayan ilimi canons na baya. A hankali m bukatun na Masters da aka gane a matsayin "abar".

Dubawa lokacin

Nau'o'i na gargajiya music ci gaba da halittu farfadowa, kuma ƙarshe domin su tabbatar da dalilin sun kimantawa sharudda, a kan abin da derivation na digiri aikin fasaha, da darajar a nan gaba. The music ya tsaya da gwajin lokaci, dole a hada a cikin shagali sharhin na kusan duk orchestras. Saboda haka shi yana tare da ayyukan Dmitri Shostakovich.

A cikin karni na 19th akwai wani ƙoƙari na rarraba nau'o'i na gargajiya music, wasu category da ake kira haske music. A wani operetta, wanda shi ne mai sauri zuwa kira "poluklassikoy". Duk da haka, wannan salo zarar ya zama gaba daya m, kuma wucin gadi assimilation ya ba dole ba.