Icebreaker "Lenin" - duniya na farko nukiliya-powered jirgin

Lokacin a 1959 da shiri na farko na nukiliya-powered icebreaker aka kammala a cikin Tarayyar Soviet a duniya, duk da waje manema fara rubuta game da wannan babban kimiyya da fasaha nasarori na Soviet masana kimiyya. Wannan jirgin da aka mai suna bayan da farko Soviet shugaban na juyin juya halin. Icebreaker "Lenin" shi ne farkon sabon zamanin atomic da makamashi domin lumana dalilai.

A tarihin gine na farko nukiliya-powered jirgin

A shekarar 1953, a jam'iyyar Congress a Moscow, an yanke shawarar soma gina wani sabon aji na kankara gantali, wanda zai yi nukiliya ikon shuka. A ci gaba da makaman nukiliya submarine izini masana kimiyya daga ta Tsakiya Design Ofishin-15 (yanzu kira CDB "dutsen kankara"). Domin shekaru biyu, daga 1953 zuwa 1955, ya ci gaba da aikin da lambar 92 (da code sunan ga nukiliya submarine). Sa'an nan, a cikin kaka na 1953 da majalisar ministocin kasar da Tarayyar Soviet, an yanke shawarar a kan sabon sunan da jirgin ruwa. Icebreaker "Lenin" - shi ke yadda na farko da za a kira da icebreaker a duniya. Matsayin glavkonstruktora danƙa Vasily Ivanovich Neganova. A CRI "Prometheus" for icebreakers suka fara samar na musamman karfe hukuma. Lokacin da karshen shekara ta 1955 da zane da aka kammala, da gina jirgin yanke shawarar sa a kan shahara Leningrad masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa. A.Marti da kuma babban gini nada V. Chernyakova. Duk da haka, da yawa cikakken bayani game da icebreaker shirya a daban-daban masana'antu na kasar. Alal misali, marine turbines kerarre a wani factory birni Kirova janareto - Ukraine, da Kharkov electromechanical shuka da kuma tsefe Motors - a cikin "Electric ikon" (Leningrad), da dai sauransu A takaice, shi gina dukan ƙasar. A watan Disamba, 1957, na farko nukiliya-powered icebreaker "Lenin" da aka kaddamar a kan Neva ruwa. Shi ne mai ja ruwa-jirgin tare da biyu masts da wani saukowa dandali aft. Ya yi da wadannan sigogi: nisa (matsakaicin) - 27,6 m, hukumar tsawo - 16.1 m, da tsawon (matsakaicin) - 134 mita, mai kawar da na jirgin - 17810 ton damar babban kafuwa - 44.000 horsepower, matsakaicin gudun ci gaba a h .. - 19,6 knots.

A farko gwaje-gwaje

Sai da na ɗauki wani 22 watanni. A cikin watan Satumba 1959, a masana'antar ƙera jiragen ruwa shuka A. Marty zo a cikin ta farko da gwajin ze tashi-powered icebreaker "Lenin". The jirgin kyaftin aka nada PA Ponomarev. Daga latsa wadanda shekaru zama da aka sani cewa akwai mutane da yawa tawagogin kasashe daban-daban a kan jirgin. Mafi shahara baƙi su ne nan gaba na Amurka Shugaba Richard Nixon da kuma firaministan kasar Birtaniya Harold Macmillan. Jaridu da mujallu a duk faɗin duniya sanya bazawa taken "icebreaker" Lenin ", wani photo daga cikin shahararrun nukiliya-powered da kuma sanannun baƙi a kan jirgin. Bayan karshen cikin fitina lokaci da jirgin ruwa da aka mika wa Tarayyar Soviet MMF. A shekarar 1960, shi ya riga a Murmansk, inda ya je da Arewa iyakacin duniya.

Rana Arctic bincike

Icebreaker "Lenin" - duniya na farko nukiliya-powered jirgin, ya zama wata alama ce da Arctic bincike. A watan Agusta 1960, shi kaddamar da farko Arctic kewayawa. Yana dade kwanaki 100, da kuma a gaban jirgin jira yawa alhakin ayyuka da cewa shi aikin kamar real giant-ceto, share hanyar makale a cikin kankara ga jiragen ruwa da yawa. Yana da aka ce cewa shi take kaiwa convoys matsayin shugaban. Shi ne Hardy da iko sosai jirgin ya kasance da kuma za su kasance kullum da girman kai na Rasha jiragen ruwa.