Ingmar Bergman, da umarni: biography, na sirri rayuwa, da mafi kyau fina-finan

"Autumn Sonata", "Mutum", "Wild Strawberries", "Mahalli daga Aure", "hatimi na bakwai," "Fanny da Alexander" - yana da wuya a lissafa duk fina-finai da cewa yin masu kallo tuna Bergman. The darektan da ya dogon rai, ya dauki game da 70 alama fina-finan, da yawa kuma cikinsu sun zama litattafansu na cinema. Abin da muka sani game da wannan talented mutum, wanda ba ma a shekara ta 2007?

Ingmar Bergman: yarantaka

Fice Swede aka haife shi a Uppsala, ya mai m aukuwa a cikin watan Yuli na shekarar 1918. Ingmar Bergman aka haife shi a iyali na wani Lutheran firist, ɗan na iyaye kawo a cikin mai tsanani. A cikin farkon shekaru na rayuwa na gaba shahara darektan so, a maimakon haka, a kan marubuci ta aiki. Ya na son rubuta nasu labaru, to gwaji tare da m images da storylines.

Bayan makarantar sakandare, Ingmar Bergman koma Stockholm, kuma ya kasance dalibi a gida jami'a. Yaron nazarin tarihi na art da al'adu, kazalika da kokarin sanin da zabi na gaba sana'a. Bai iya gane idan suna son su zama marubuci ko wani screenwriter.

farko na hanya

"Mutuwa Casper" - play, wanda ya fara da halittar hanyar zuwa daukaka Bergman. The darektan ya iya goyon farko da tsanani aikin na daya daga Sweden ta sinimomi, inda an samu nasarar tsĩrar. A shekaru 22 da haihuwa marubucin kusantar da hankalin da Swedish film kamfanin, Ingmar miƙa aiki.

Bergman farko yin yafi aiki edita. Dole ne ya kawo wa hankali "raw" rubutun halitta da sauran mawallafa, wani lokacin rewriting su daga karce. Hakika, wannan halin da ake ciki bai gamsar da m yãro, sai ya so ya zo da nasu labarai, maimakon gyaggyarawa da baki.

Kawai a shekarar 1944 karshe gudanar ya kammala aikin a kan kansa screenplays Bergman. The darektan a cikin aikinsa shãfe a kan al'amurran da suka shafi da suke kusa da dukan matasa. Ya tsince jigo na dangantaka maturing yara da da takwarorinsu, iyaye da kuma malamai, da farko soyayya. Yanayi Ingmar ya ba da dalilin mãkirci na movie, wanda aka gabatar ga masu sauraro da kotun da ake kira "tsananta" a cikin wannan shekara. Masu sun mayar da martani da idon wa fim, da kuma na farko ya yi magana game da talented screenwriter. Duk da haka, Bergman bai ji gamsuwa, sai ya fara tunani game da samar da your own movie.

directorial halarta a karon

"Crisis" - na farko hoto wanda ya dauki Bergman. The darektan ya kammala aikin a kan fim aikin a shekarar 1946. A fim ya gaya labarin wata yarinya wanda ya sami hannu a wani sabon abu soyayya alwatika. Ba za mu iya ce cewa tef hargowar, amma da ya je damu zuwa yawa masu kallo.

Bergman gaba halittar aka kira "Ana ruwa a kan Our love." A fim ya gabatar masu kallo zuwa ga tarihin na ƙauna biyu a cikin abin da dangantakar ne kullum tsoma baki sauransu. Babban haruffa yi nasara daya cikas bayan wani domin ya zauna tare. Wannan tef ya janyo hankalin da yawa fiye da amfani a cikin jama'a, kuma Ingmar tabbatar a da bane ya zama filmmaker.

"Wild Strawberries"

The daraja samu da yawa fina-finai da suke a cikin 50-60-ies dauki wani m Bergman. Directed da, misali, a 1957, ya gabatar da masu sauraro kotu zanen "Wild Strawberries". A wannan aikin, da maigida ya jũya zuwa ga daya daga ya fi so jigogi - tsufa, Fading.

A mayar da hankali na masu sauraro ne tafiya, da ta sa da shekaru malamin. Long hanya take kaiwa zuwa gwarzo na tunanin, shi ya tuna da abubuwan da ya faru a lokuta daban-daban na rayuwarsa. Yana da wani irin na Summing-up, shiri domin mutuwa.

"Hatimi na bakwai"

Mutane da yawa masu sukar yi imani da cewa shi ne "hatimi na bakwai" - wani hoto, wanda gare ta daraja Ingmar Bergman. Filmography Maestro ya samu wannan tef a 1957. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a cikin wannan shekara ya fito da kuma "Wild Strawberries". Shi ne "hatimi na bakwai" zamo farkon wata hayayyafa tare da haɗin gwiwar Maestro actor Max von Sydow, wanda ya dauki tsawon shekaru masu yawa.

Fiction, Drama - nau'o'i, da suka hada da "hatimi na bakwai." A fim ne a aljanna labarin wani jarumi wanda ya kõma, to Sweden bayan dogon tafiya. A gwarzo gano cewa gida kasar da aka buga da wani annoba da annoba, da kuma mutuwa yake mulki a ko'ina.

Mafi Movies na 60s

Yana da wuya a ware daga cikin mafi kyau daga waɗanda zane-zane, wanda a cikin 60s dauki Ingmar Bergman. Filmography shi, misali, hada da wani tef "ta hanyar gilashin darkly," fascinated da yawa masu kallo da kuma masu sukar. A wasan kwaikwayo gaya labarin da irin abubuwan da mata, Karin, wanda ya kawai ya bar ganuwar wani asibitin masu tabin hankali. Karin shan wahala hallucinations, shi ne batun yi daidai da ciwon iska, gamsu da cewa daga lokaci zuwa lokaci tare da ta magana da Allah kansa.

Creativity Ingmar Bergman yawa la'akari m. Alal misali, a cikin fim "tarayya," da darektan da ke sa babban harafin da firist, wanda aka taka rawar gani ba a Allah hasarar gaskiya a gare shi. Ya zo bayan wata mata ya mutu fi so hali. A gwarzo fama kiyaye shakku zuwa da kansa, ya ci gaba da wa'azi da kuma koya da garkensu, amma ciki danniya qara. Ya fara ze cewa bangaskiya da aka rasa ba zai dawo.

A cikin fim "Persona" directed sake offers da masu sauraro matsahi na saba da ciki duniya da hali. Wannan lokaci da mayar da hankali ne mai cin nasara actress wanda yake faruwa ta hanyar wani rayuwan rikicin. Nan da nan ta rasa murya a tsakiyar daga cikin play, ba zai iya furta kalma. Mace na nutsa cikin wani Jihar rarrabuwa daga waje duniya, mu jimre wa wanda shi ne don taimaka mai kwazo m.

"Kunya"

"Kunya" - sanannen wasan kwaikwayo-dystopia, wanda aka kuma directed Bergman Ingmar mafi kyau fina-finai da kuma wanda biography aka tattauna a cikin wannan labarin. A hoto ne daban-daban daga cikin sauran ayyukan baiwa darektan cewa yana da wani anti-yaki da siyasa fuskantarwa. Duk da haka, matsakaicin hankali ne har yanzu ba wani halin yanzu events, da kuma mutanen da aka tilasta su zama jam'iyyun don su. A cikin fim "Kunya," starring ka fi so 'yan wasan kwaikwayo Bergmann - von Sydow da Ullmann.

Babban haruffa daga cikin fim - ma'auratan son juna, manyan mai shiru da kuma auna rai. Su ne kawai matsala - da rashin yara wanda bai samu zuwa da. Saba duniya ba zato ba tsammani da dama a baya a lokacin da Jan da Eva ne a tsakiyar tashin. A hankali yaki ke lalata mutum da haruffa, tsoro ya tilasta su su yi, unspeakable ayyukan da ba su kasance a baya halin su.

"Autumn Sonata"

Mutane da yawa masu sukar jayayya da cewa "Autumn Sonata" - culmination na duk cikin fina-finan, wanda shi ne mahaliccin Bergman Ingmar mafi kyau fina-finai da kuma wanda biography aka tattauna a cikin labarin. Yana da ban sha'awa cewa a cikin wannan tef ya buga wa karshe rawa, da actress Ingrid Bergman, takwara na darektan.

A labarin zai fara da cewa a talented pianist, Charlotte yanke shawarar da ya ziyarci 'yarsa Hauwa'u, wanda ya rayu a cikin Scandinavian backwoods tare da iyalinsa. A uwa da 'yar wani wuya dangantaka, ba su hadu domin shekaru masu yawa. Hauwa'u ta rayuwa da aka faruwa ga kasa, danta ya rasu yana da shekaru hudu shekaru, wa mijinta, ta ba jin karfi ji. Bugu da ari complicating halin da ake ciki shi ne cewa shi aka Hauwa'u an tilasta wa zaton da kula da ƙanwarta, soke tare da inna. Hakika, babu mai kyau mahaifiyarsa da 'yar taro ba ya kawo karshen nan, tsohon grudges ake recollected sake.

"Fanny da Alexander"

"Fanny da Alexander" - wani wasan kwaikwayo, wanda ya kira da rungumar kuma yaki da yara hadaddun kanta Ingmar Bergman, wanda biography aka tattauna a cikin wannan labarin. The most yawan magoya zanen lashe a gida darektan, a Sweden shi ne nuna kowane Kirsimeti. An sani cewa da yawa daga cikin al'amuran da suke ba a cikin wannan fim, Ingmar aro daga nasu yara tunanin.

"Fanny da Alexander" - wani fim game da iyali, dangantaka mutane, kazalika da yawa wasu halittu na master Bergman. A fim ya gaya wa m tarihi Ekdal daular, ke kula da ita da zũriyarta - Fanny da Alexander. Yan kallo suna jiran babban rabo, kuma mutuwa, saduwa da kuma rabuwar, jayayya, da sulhu.

Rayuwa bayan fage

Hakika, da magoya fiye da kawai da fina-finai da cewa gudanar ya dauki kashe Ingmar Bergman. Personal rai na master - a tambaya cewa yana da ko da yaushe aiki a matsayin jama'a. An sani cewa a talented darektan sau biyar to aure da bin doka. Bergman ta farko da matar shi actress Else Fisher. The aure dade ba, mata da miji rabu, ba da ciwon wani mataimaki.

Els samun nasara Ellen Bergman, suka haife sanannen matar yara hudu. Sa'an nan, ya yi aure screenwriter Gan Groot, wani yaro haife na aure. Bayan haka, rayuwa ta abokin Ingmar zama mawaki CABy Laretei, wanda kuma haifi yaro daya. Last matar maigidansa ya zama Ingrid von Rosen, wanda ya mutu kafin shi.

A lokacin da ya dogon rai da ya zama mahaifin yara tara Ingmar Bergman. Matarsa ta haifa masa bakwai, biyu mafi yara da aka haife daga kãmun kai. The darektan aka ba a cikin watan Yuli 2007, ya bai zama ganin 90-shekara da ranar tunawa.