A kama Bastille

Kowace shekara a Yuli 14, Faransanci ya yi bikin ranar Bastille. Bikin hutu ne ainihin asali kuma maimakon m. Kuma don fahimtar abin da ake danganta da shi, dan takaitaccen labari cikin tarihi ya zama dole.

Ƙarfin ƙaƙƙarfa mai ƙarfi, tare da manyan ganuwar da ƙafa takwas, an gina Bastille har tsawon shekaru 10, 1370-1381. Kuma kusan daga farkon lokacin da aka kafa sansanin soja a matsayin kurkuku. Da farko dai ya ƙunshi masu laifi mafi haɗari, ƙarshe ya zama kurkuku na siyasa. Kuma a cikin wannan karni XVIII ta fursunoni ziyarci da yawa da suka shahara, ciki har da yadda da yawa kamar yadda biyu sau da aka ƙãre Voltaire, babban masanin falsafa na lokaci, kazalika da Count na Cagliostro, Madame de Lamotte, Marquis de Sade, Nikolya Fuke, da dai sauransu Za'a iya ci gaba da lissafin, amma manufar labarin ba haka bane.

An tsare mu a kurkuku a kan umarnin sarki, ba tare da fitina ba, don haka muna magana. Kuma umarni a cikin Bastille sun kasance mafi tsanani fiye da kowane ɗakin kurkuku. Abin sani kawai ne cewa wannan katanga ta musamman ya kasance tare da Parisiya, kuma tare da wani ɓangare na Faransanci, tare da despotism da sulhu na siyasa. Kuma wannan, tare da gaskiyar cewa an adana bindigogi a cikin ginshiki na sansanin soja, ya sa ya ɗauki Bastille kusan ba zai yiwu ba.

Ruhun juyin juya hali tsakanin mutane a shekarar 1789 ya karu da sauri. By tsakiyar watan Yuli na wannan shekara mulkin gargajiya kadarori States-Janar, gudanar a watan Mayu na wannan shekara, spontaneously canza kama zuwa ba estate agency, wanda gabatar da kanta a matsayin mai bãyar da mutane yake so kuma a kan cewa akai da'awar zuwa keda daukaka. A cikin farkawa na wannan majalisar dokokin kasar, da wakilai, halitta a "na uku-aji", ta ayyana kanta a National majalisar da aka kafa.

Don dakatar da farkon juyin juya halin, dakarun da ke dauke da 'yan bindiga a waje sun kai fiye da 20,000 da aka sata a birnin Paris, sannan kuma daya daga cikin manyan ministoci, Jacques Neckar, an sallame shi. Baron Breteuil ya dauki wurinsa. Wannan labarin ya tsoratar da mazaunan birnin Paris, wadanda suka ji tsoron shan kashi na Majalisar Dokoki, saboda suna da irin wannan fata. Kowace wa] annan al'amurra sun haɓaka mutuncin] an adam, don haka ya sa aka kama Bastille.

'Yan juyin juya hali sun fara kira ga mutane don tashin hankali, mafi shahararrun masu zanga-zangar shine Kamil Demulen. A sakamakon haka, tashin hankali ya fara a birnin Paris a ranar 13 ga watan Yuli, musamman a gidan yari na Saint-Lazare. Don zama daidai, da granary. Babbar Jagoran na Paris, Jacques de Flessell, ta nemi kawo karshen rikici da kuma haifar da 'yan sanda na garin, wanda ya hada da kimanin mutane 48,000. Duk da haka, 'yan sanda ba su zama makamai ba.

Kuma sai aka kama Bastille. Ranar 14 ga watan Yuli, wata rundunar 'yan tawayen Parisiya, kimanin kimanin mutane 50,000, suka yi garkuwa da makamai a gidaje na' yan tawaye (wannan magana a Faransa aka kira ga dakarun da suka rigaya ya ritaya). Saboda haka, a hannun 'yan tawaye akwai kimanin bindigogi 40,000. Matsayin da ke gaba a hanya shi ne Bastille, domin a cikin ɗakunansa, kamar yadda aka ambata, an ajiye guntu da harsasai.

Marquis de Lone ya aika da wakilan 'yan tawaye don su ba da bindigogi don yakar' yan sanda na gari. De Launay ya karbi tawagar a matsayi mafi girma na ƙauna, amma ya ki ya ba da ammonium. Ɗaya daga cikin ɗaya wakilai ba su da kome.

A halin yanzu, mutane sun zauna a filin. Ta haka ne rundunar 'yan Bastille ta ƙunshi mutane 114 kawai, 32 daga cikinsu su ne masu tsaron ƙasar Switzerland, sauran 82 kuma ba su da kyau. Bugu da ƙari, an kafa bindigogi 13 a ganuwar sansanin. A tsakiyar rana, watau rabin lokaci, wadannan bindigogi sun bude wuta a kan taron da aka taru a kusa da sansanin. Sakamakon wannan aikin shine mutuwar mutane 89, kuma 73 suka ji rauni. Bayan haka, an tura wasu wakilai da dama a Marquis, sannan kuma an kama garuruwan da aka kama a gidan Kasa.

Da yake ganin irin wannan zanga-zangar da karfi da manufar, Lone bai yi fatan samun ƙarfafawa daga Versailles ba saboda haka ya yanke shawarar bugu da sansani. Don yin wannan, sai ya gangara zuwa ginshiki, inda aka ajiye foda da wick. Duk da haka, ba su ba shi damar yin hakan ba. Gundunonin Bastille da ake kira majalisa, wanda kusan kusan daya ya zaba don mika wuya.

A musayar alkawarin da za a ceci rayuka masu kare mafaka, sai suka mika Bastille ta 17:00. Ta haka ne ya kawo karshen Bastille. Kusan duk masu karewa na sansani, da Jagora na Flessell, an kashe su da wani mummunar tashin hankali. Wannan taron shine nasarar farko na juyin juya halin mutane. Duk da cewa shan Bastille ba babban nasara ba ne, har yanzu yana taka muhimmiyar rawa a tarihin Faransa. Yawancin lokaci, wannan taron ya zama alama ce ta nasara ta rashin nasara a kan despotism.

Tun daga 1880, ranar bikin Bastille an yi bikin ne a matsayin biki na kasa.