Sojan soja na 1941 a Moscow

Shahararrun shahararren 1941 a Moscow ya kasance wani juyi a cikin yakin da ke birnin. A cikin watanni da dama, sojojin Soviet sun koma babban birnin, kuma yanayin ya zama mummunar. Ga sojojin da dukan mutanen da suka yi aiki a baya, an bukaci bukukuwan ruhu.

Moscow a cikin kaka na 1941

Ranar 7 ga watan Nuwamba aka zaba ba da gangan ba. Yau wannan ranar shine ranar tunawa da juyin juya halin Oktoba - babban biki na dukan Soviet Union. A shekara ta 1941, an yi bikin cika shekaru 24 na abubuwan da suka faru a Petrograd, lokacin da aka dauka fadar sararin samaniya a ƙarƙashin jirgin saman Aurora. Kuma a cikin shekarun da suka wuce, abubuwan da ke cikin abubuwan da suka faru na al'amuran da suka shafi wannan taron sun cika da akidar.

A 1941, wannan sakon ya zama dole, kamar iska. Makiya ta kusa kusa da babban birnin, kuma mafi yawan mazauna mazaunin sun riga sun tashi zuwa baya. Duk da haka, shugabancin jam'iyyar ya kasance a Kremlin. Tazarar 1941 a Moscow ba zai iya wucewa ba tare da shugabannin soja da shugabannin jihar Soviet ba.

Masu shirya wannan taron sun fahimci cewa ba zai zama wani abu ne kawai na nuna kayan aiki ba da kuma tafiyar sojoji. Shirye shirye-shirye na masu aiki waɗanda suka kamata su kama wani aikin da ba a taɓa gani ba. Bisa ga wadannan kayan, fina-finai na farfaganda sun kasance daga baya, wanda ya nuna a gaba da baya.

Fara farawa

Shirye-shirye na farawa ya fara ne a cikin Oktoba Oktoba, lokacin da Moscow ta riga ya kasance a cikin tsari. Wajen tituna sun kasance suna rushewa kuma suna cike da kariya. Tun daga ranar 16 ga watan Maris, an kwashe fararen fararen hula zuwa gabas. Gidan tashoshi sun kewaye ta da rashin jin dadin jama'a da kuma tsoratattun mazauna, wani ba zai iya samun dangi ba. Kasashen da ke cikin babban birnin kasar sun kasance mafi yawan matsala.

Domin ya kawo ƙarshen wannan zancen, a ranar 24 ga Oktoba, Stalin ya gana da Pavel Artemiev (kwamandan sojojin a yankin Moscow Military), tare da Pavel Zhigarev (kwamandan rundunar soja). Dole ne su shirya duk abin da ya kamata don hutun da ke zuwa, yayin da ba ta karya tsarin tsarin sirri ba.

Ganawar majalisar zartarwar Moscow

Jirgin da aka yi a kan Red Square ranar 7 ga watan Nuwambar 1941 a Moscow ya kasance asirin har zuwa ranar tunawar Oktoba Oktoba. A cikin lokaci, a ranar biki na hutun, an gudanar da taro na al'ada na Kwamitin Kasuwanci na Moscow, wanda ya kasance daya daga cikin mafi yawan al'amuran. An gudanar da shi a Bolshoi Theatre. Duk da haka, an gina gine-ginen al'adun nan a matsayin bayyanar Jamus a cikin birnin. Sabili da haka, mun yanke shawara mu ci gaba da zama a kan dandalin tashar tashar tashar ƙasa. A kan Mayakovskaya, an shirya tebur da kujeru don manyan jami'an gwamnatin Soviet.

A daidai wannan wuri, Stalin ya bayyana, wanda, a matsayin mulkinsa, karanta jawabin shekara-shekara. Akwai jita-jita a birnin cewa duk shugabannin jam'iyyun sun dade tun daga garin suka koma Kuibyshev, wanda zai zama sabon babban birnin a lokacin da ya faru da Moscow. Duk da haka, Stalin duk da haka ya bayyana a "Mayakovskaya". Ya so ya sanar da 'yan kungiyar siyasa cewa rana ta gaba za a fara aikin soja na Red Army. Ranar 7 ga watan Nuwamba, 1941 wani biki ne na jama'a, amma babu wanda ya san abin da zai faru a Moscow a wannan lokaci mai ban mamaki.

Har zuwa ranar saduwa da Soviet ta Soviet, Stalin yayi kokarin kauce wa bayyanar jama'a. Ko da sanannen roko zuwa mazaunan Tarayyar Soviet a farkon yakin da aka ba karanta fita zuwa gare su, kuma Molotov. Duk da haka, ranar 6 ga watan Nuwamba, halin da ake ciki ya riga ya kasance wanda ya kasance a matsayin abin ƙyama ga rauni.

Stalin ya fahimci wannan. Ya ba da jawabi ga mashawartar siyasa, inda ya yi kokarin bayyana dalilin da ya sa aka yi nasara a farkon watanni na yakin. Babban sakataren kwamitin tsakiya na CPSU (B.) Kuma kwamishinan tsaron kasar sun sanar da raunin jiragen ruwa da sabon jirgin sama. An kuma watsa wannan jawabi a rediyo, sannan an buga shi a takardu masu yawa.

Daren jiya

A karshen wannan taro, Stalin, a cikin taro, ya sanar da 'yan kungiyar siyasa cewa rana ta gaba za a gudanar da farautar 1941 a Moscow. Ga duk waɗanda ba su halarci wannan labari ba, wannan labari ne mai ban mamaki. Ko da daga bisani (a daren) kwamandojin raka'a waɗanda aka kamata su shiga cikin tafiya tare da Red Square sunyi koyi game da wannan. Amma har ila yau, wajibi ne a fara sauraron farar hula. Sun tattara ta tare da taimakon kungiyar cinikayya, wakilan masana'antu da wasu kamfanoni. Dukansu sun gayyace su zuwa ga farautar da safe. An yi amfani da makircinsu tare da fargabawar da aka sani game da abin da zai faru a cikin sansanin abokan gaba. Mafi yawan masu shirya sun ji tsoron jiragen sama na kasar Jamus, wanda zai iya jefa bom a ranar 7 ga watan Nuwambar 1941 a Moscow. Don damu da Wehrmacht, a ranar ewa na taron, lokacin da aka fara shiga cikin Red Square (daga 10 zuwa 8 am) an dakatar da shi.

A ranar 6th, yanayin da ake yiwa duniyoyin sun nuna cewa rana ta gaba girgije za ta kasance mai ragu kuma mai zurfi, kuma ya yi alkawarin snowfall. Wannan ya sa bama-bamai na jirgin sama ba zai yiwu ba. Bugu da} ari, rundunar Sojojin ta USSR ta gudanar da aiki na musamman a ranar da ta gabata, ta kai hari ga filin jiragen sama na abokan gaba, wanda ke kusa da gaba. Dukkanin wadannan matakan sun tabbatar da jagorancin jam'iyyun: wanda aka yi a watan Nuwambar 1941 a Moscow zai faru ne ba tare da wadanda bala'i ba, kuma ba dole ba ne don hoton abubuwan da suka faru a kasar.

Shiri na Red Square

Masarautar da ke kewaye da Moscow bai yi kama da gari mai zaman lafiya ba, wanda ya kamata a yi hutu. Ba ta kasance ba togiya, da kuma Red Square. A watan Oktoba, duk abin da kullun jirgin zai iya hallaka shi ya tsabtace shi. Special kula da birnin hukuma ya zama Lenin ta kabarin, wanda ba za a iya canjawa wuri, kuma su bar shi kamar yadda yake - har ma fiye da haka. Sabili da haka, an tsara tsarin ta matsayin kamanni na musamman. Wadannan matakan sun kasance masu tasiri - a lokacin bombardment Jamus ba a lalacewa ba.

A daren jiya kafin Nuwamba 7 ga watan Nuwamban 1941 a Moscow ya faru, Stalin ya umarce shi ya cire yaduwar ɓoye wannan tasiri mai mahimmanci. Bugu da ƙari, a matsayin banda bambance-bambance, tauraron taurari a kan ragowar Kremlin sun kara. Dukkan wannan an yi ne kawai don ya nuna cewa, duk da yakin da kuma makiya na gaba, duk abin da yake daidai a babban birnin kamar yadda ake yi a lokacin, kuma masu kare birnin bai rasa ƙarfin hali ba.

Farko daga farati

Ranar 7 ga watan Nuwamba a karfe 8 na safe ne aka fara farautar 1941 a Moscow. Pavel Artemiev ne ya umurce shi, wanda ke da alhakin shirin farko na taron. Sojoji sun karbi ragamar talabijin. A cikin Soviet sojojin shi ne mai almara adadi. Daya daga cikin farkon marshals biyar, ya shiga cikin yakin basasa, ya ji tsoro sosai a cikin sojojin kuma ya kasance a cikin mafi girma na jihar. Jagoran shugaban kasa ya kasance a kan masarautar Lenin, wanda kawai ya kawar da lalata.

'Yan wasa na farko sun fara tafiya ta Red Square. Sojojin sun biye su daga raka'a. An dakatar da shiru a tsakiyar gari ta hanyar kiɗa na yaƙe-gwaje da aka yi ta ƙungiyar makaɗacin Ma'aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida a ƙarƙashin jagorancin mashawarcin mai suna Vasily Agapkin. Ko da a cikin sojojin tsarist din ya rubuta littafin "Farewell of Slav".

Na gaba ya zo masu fasin jirgin ruwa da masu fashewa. Bayan wadannan sassa sojan doki, na'urori na motoci, da tankuna, ciki harda samfurori T-34, suka koma, wanda ya zama alamar dukan yakin da Soviet. Jirgin da aka yi a watan Nuwambar 1941 a Moscow ya kasance wani wasan kwaikwayon da ba a taba gani ba. Ba a taɓa gudanar da shi ba a cikin irin wannan yanayi. Tare da babban asiri a cikin babban birnin kasar ya isa sassa daga Arkhangelsk da Murmansk (sun kasance masu ajiyar jiragen saman soja).

Maganar Stalin

Sojan da aka yi a filin Red Square a Moscow a shekarar 1941 ya yi magana da maganar Stalin, kodayake ya saba wa al'adun (a matsayin mai mulkin, wanda aka karɓa ta hanyar karba). A cikin jawabinsa, kwamishinan tsaro na Jama'a sun kwatanta sojan Soviet tare da sojojin dakarun da suka gabata suka jagoranci shugabannin su kamar Alexander Nevsky, Dmitry Donskoy, Alexander Suvorov, da sauransu.

Stalin ya juya zuwa ga Rasha, amma nasarar da ake fuskanta ga abokin gaba ya danganci lamarin Lenin. Ka'idojin gurguzu sun rushe Nazis waɗanda suka kai hari kan Soviet Union ba tare da yakin yaki ba, da cin hanci da lalata da kuma kashe fararen hula.

Matakan tsaro

Domin Stalin ya iya karanta jawabinsa, dole ne masu shirya su dauki matakan tsaro marasa inganci. Dukkanin sojoji da suka halarci wannan shinge sun hana ammunition. Hanyar ta yi tafiya tare da ginshiƙan gidan Red Square ba tare da bawo. Shugabannin sun ji tsoron sabotage da cin amana. Wata hanya ko wata, amma duk abin da ya tafi daidai da shirin, kuma babu yanayin zaman kai ba ya tashi.

Babu hare-haren iska na Jamus, wanda zai iya kwashe ganimar soja na 1941 a Moscow. An aika da sakonnin soja na gaba zuwa dukan jaridu na Soviet. An kaddamar da yakin basasa na farfaganda don tayar da sojoji a gaba da ma'aikata a baya. Sakamakon da ba a taɓa gani ba a game da shi shi ne raka'a wanda ya shiga cikin wannan lokaci ya tafi yammacin da ya kori Jamus. Abokan gaba sun riga sun kai kimanin kilomita kilomita daga babban birnin, don haka sojojin sun kasance a gaban gobe.

Ma'ana

Saboda haka an fara farautar 1941 a Moscow. Hoton wannan taron da ba a taɓa faruwa ba ya zama alama ce ta juriya na maƙwabtaka da mazaunan USSR zuwa barazanar fascist. Duk da kuskuren kungiyoyi na jagoranci a farkon yakin, kamar wata daya bayan tafiyar sojoji a fadin Red Square (Disamba 5), shahararren rikici ya fara, wanda ya jefa Wehrmacht zuwa yamma.

Wani muhimmiyar gudummawa ga wannan nasarar da aka samu na farko shine nasarar da sojoji suka yi a Moscow a shekarar 1941. Abubuwan da suka faru a cikin abubuwan da suka faru sun bar tunanin da yawa da kuma tunawa da yadda mutane, bayan sunyi nazarin abubuwan da suka faru a Red Square, sun yi wahayi da kuma sake kai su yaki da Nazis. Duk wannan ya faru ne a cikin fararen 1941. Nan ba da daɗewa ba Moscow ta kawar da bam, kuma birnin ya fara komawa zaman lafiya.