Poskrebyshev Alexander Nikolaevich: Tarihi, hoto

Poskrebyshev Alexander Nikolaevich, wanda labarinsa ya bayyana a cikin wannan labarin, shi ne sanannen jiha, memba na RSDLP (b) jam'iyya. Shi ne shugaban wani bangare na musamman na Babban Kwamitin - Sakatariya na Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin. By rank - Major-Janar.

Iyali

Poskrebyshev Aleksandr Nikolaevich aka haife ta bakwai Agusta 1965 at ɗauka cewa Village, located a cikin County Sloboda Vyatka lardin. Mahaifinsa, Nikolai, wani ɗan gida ne marar iyaka kuma ya yi aiki a matsayin mai ba da katako. Uwarta, Nadezhda Efimovna, tana ƙaunar yara da yawa, sunyi tsanani, amma haka ne. Iskandari yana da 'yan'uwa da yawa da kuma ɗan'uwa, wanda daga bisani ya zama motar jirgin soja.

Yara

Alexander ya girma, kamar dukan yara: ya gudu kifi, yana so ya kama crayfish daga kogi. Na taimaka wa mahaifiyata da ayyukan gida. Ya karanta sosai sosai, saboda yana jin daɗin littattafai. Ya yi karatu a makaranta. Yana da aboki da suke abokantaka har sai mutuwarsa, Sasha Bakulin. Ya zauna a kauyen makwabta. Ko da a makaranta, mutane sun zauna a tebur ɗaya. Dukansu Sasha sun tafi suna raira waƙa a cocin cocin. Yaran da ake kira Bakulenya da Poskrebenya.

Ilimi:

Bayan karatun, Alexander ya sauke karatu daga makarantar paramedic Vyatka. Amma, tun lokacin da ya samu kwarewa, bai tsaya ba kuma ya cigaba da karatunsa, a shekarar 1927 ya shiga Jami'ar Jihar Moscow a Jami'ar Tattalin Arziki da Dokar.

Hanya

Career Alexander Nikolaevich ya fara tare da likita. Bayan makarantar ya bar Urals, zuwa garin Baranchu. A can ya shiga jam'iyyar kuma an zabe shi sakataren RSDLP (b). Daga 1918 zuwa 1919 ya yi aiki a sashen Siyasa na Harshen Turkestan. Daga 1919 zuwa 1921, ya ci gaba da aikinsa a Zlatoust a matsayin Shugaban kwamitin gyaran juyin juya halin soja, sannan kuma kwamandan kwamitin Soviet na wakilai na ma'aikata. Daga 1921 zuwa 1922 - a kan aikin jam'iyyar a Ufa.

A cikin shekaru ashirin da biyu aka aika da Alexander Nikolayevich Poskrebyshev zuwa Moscow. A can ya fara a matsayin malami a kwamitin tsakiya na Jam'iyyar. Na farko, daga 1923 zuwa 1924, ya yi aiki a kwamitin tsakiya na RCP (b) a matsayin mataimakin manajan harkokin. Bayan haka, daga 1924 zuwa 1929, Mataimakiyar Sakatare Janar. An canja shi zuwa mukamin mataimakin. Shugaban sashen asiri. A 1930 ya zama shugaban. Kuma daga 1934 ya jagoranci sashen musamman na kwamitin tsakiya. A 1935 ya zama shugaban sakatariya na kwamitin tsakiya na Stalin.

A shekara ta 1947, Mr .. ya halarci tattaunawar shugabancin, kuma a cikin kaka na 1952 ya zama memba na kwamitin zaunannen. A cikin hunturu na wannan shekarar, shi ne sakatare na Presidium da ofishin kwamitin tsakiya na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta Soviet Union.

Yi aiki tare da Stalin

Duk da bayyanar da ba zato ba tsammani, ikon Alexander Nikolaevich ya kasance mai girma. Kuma wani muhimmin rawar da ya taka a cikin wannan shine ya kyautar da Stalin. AN Poskrebyshev ya amsa masa da cikakken bauta. Kuma dukan umarnin Stalin ko kalmomi ko da yake sunyi magana da abubuwan da Sakatare Janar ya fada.

Alexander Nikolaevich ya san dukan halinsa, halaye da cututtuka. Sun fahimci juna sau da yawa ba tare da kalmomi ba. Poskrebyshev ya cika aikinsa da gangan, ba da gangan ba. Ya na da matukar tasiri na aiki da kuma ƙwaƙwalwar ajiya. An kira shi littafi ne mai tafiya. Na tuna da dukkanin wayoyin da ba ta taba rubuta su ba.

A lokacin yakin, daga 1941 zuwa 1945, ya shiga cikin ci gaba da aikin soja da kayan aiki don taro. A wannan lokaci Poskrebyshev ya zama Major-General. Har zuwa 1953, Alexander Nikolayevich yayi aiki tare da Stalin. Shekaru ashirin da biyar, dukkanin bayanan da ya fitar ta wurinsa ya wuce. Wasu daga cikinsu sun koma zuwa Politburo, kuma idan akwai labarai mai muhimmanci, kai tsaye ga Joseph Vissarionovich Stalin.

Stalin ta "Squire"

Alexander Nikolayevich Poskrebyshev, sakataren sakatari na Stalin, shine "inuwa", da warware matsalar ba kawai ba, har ma al'amurra. Ya bi ba kawai rubutun Sakataren Janar ba, har ma da bin ka'idodi da bayyanar 'yan Jam'iyyar. Tare da Poskrebyshev dole ne a la'akari da duk - da kuma talakawa, da kwamandojin soja.

Duk da kusanci zuwa Stalin, matar ya Poskrebyshev iya ba ajiye daga kama. Dole ne ya ba da takardar shaidar kanta. Ko da yake ya yi ƙoƙari ya tsaya ga matar. Amma Stalin ya sanya hannu a kan takardar shaidar, kuma ganin yadda ake magana a kan fuskar Alexander Nikolaevich, ya yi dariya. Na yanke shawarar cewa Poskrebyshev "yana buƙatar sabon mace," kuma ya yi alkawarin zai sami shi a nan gaba. Kuma game da kama shi ne m. Ya yi la'akari da cewa idan NKVD ta yi wannan shawara, to, akwai dalilai na wannan. Kuma nan da nan wata matashi ta zo gidan tare da Alexander Nikolaevich tare da sako cewa an aika ta zuwa gona.

Wanda aka azabtar da hankalin Beria

Poskrebyshev Alexander Nikolayevich ne wanda aka yi wa Beria ta hanzari. Bayan shekaru hamsin da biyu, an aika da shirin don aikawa Janar Sakatare Stalin ya yi murabus. Amma babu wanda ya yi magana a fili game da wannan. Musamman tun lokacin da mutane masu ibada suka kewaye shi. A sakamakon haka, Beria ya yanke shawarar cire Iosif Vissarionovich tare da taimakon m.

A cewar Lavrenty Pavlovich, Georgia za ta kasance mafi kyau ga wannan yanayin. Amma saboda "Mingrelian case", Stalin ba ya huta don 'yan ƙasa. Ya rayu sosai a ɓoye. Akwai wurare guda biyu kawai: Kremlin da Moscow dacha. Amma a cikin gidan Kremlin akwai kyakkyawan sadarwa, kuma idan sun fara yin murabus a kan murabus, to, ƙararrawa zata tashi a duk faɗin ƙasar a cikin raga na biyu. Zaɓin karshe shine Moscow dacha.

Amma an kare shi da tabbaci, yayin da kusa da Stalin shine tsaro da Poskrebyshev. Zai iya cire shi kadai daga Janar Sakataren kansa. Beria ya gaya wa Stalin cewa kayan da aka yi zargin sun ɓace daga Politburo. Kuma, ban da Alexander Nikolaevich, babu wanda zai iya yin hakan.

Stalin nan da nan ya cire Alexander Nikolayevich daga gidansa kuma ya aike shi kurkuku. Zan yi harba shi. Amma ban yi aiki ba. Bayan da Stalin ya rasa haɗin gininsa, nan da nan ya same shi aka kashe shi a gidansa.

Siyasa

A 1934, Alexander Nikolayevich Poskrebyshev ya zama dan takara na kwamitin tsakiya. A shekara ta 1936, bisa ga abubuwan da aka tsara na Stalin, ya rubuta ayoyin zuwa Tsarin Mulkin Soviet. Kuma a cikin shekaru biyu - A gajeren tarihin tarihin. A shekarar 1939, Mr .. ya zama mamba na kwamitin tsakiya na CPSU (b), kuma daga baya - CPSU. Poskrebyshev - Mataimakin na Koli Soviet na RSFSR da BASSR 1-3-th taro.

Rayuwar mutum

A karo na farko Alexander Nikolaevich ya yi aure a 1919 a Yadviga Ippolitovna Stankevich, dan juyin juya halin Poland. Sun zauna a cikin aure shekaru goma da suka saki. Ta mutu a baya daga cutar tarin fuka a 1937. An binne shi a cikin kurkuku na Moscow Novodevichy.

Bayan saki da matarsa na farko, Poskrebyshev ya yi aure a karo na biyu. Sunan matarsa Bronislava Metallikova. A cikin wannan aure yana da 'ya'ya mata biyu - Galina da Natalia. A cikin 1939, an kori Bronislava ta hanyar hulɗarta tare da Trotsky da kuma zargin aikata laifin juyin juya hali.

Akwai wani ra'ayi cewa ainihin dalili na kama shi shine Beria, wanda yake so ya daidaitawa Alexander Nikolayevich, sannan ya maye gurbinsa tare da mutuminsa. Amma wannan batu ne kawai, tun lokacin Beria tare da NKVD da Ma'aikatar Harkokin Cikin Gida ba a haɗa su ba.

Poskrebyshev yayi ƙoƙari na gyara matarsa, amma ba tare da nasara ba. An harbe ta lokacin da 'yan bindigar suka shiga Moscow. Daga baya, a shekara ta 1957, an kori Bronislaw kuma ya sake gyara. An kwashe ta a kurkuku ta Moscow Novodevichye.

A karo na uku Alexander Poskrebyshev ya auri Ekaterina Grigorievna Zimina. A cikin wannan aure, an haife ta na uku, wanda ake kira Elena.

Aboki

Duk da aikin da ake yi na tsawon sa'a goma sha shida a rana, Alexander Nikolayevich har yanzu ya sami lokaci don abokai da wanda ya tafi kifi. Akwai 'yan wasa uku kawai. Aboki na Bakulev dan yaro, wanda ya zama sanannen likitan zuciya, Janar Khrulev da mai binciken fassarar Papano. Poskrebyshev ƙaunar ba kawai littattafai da kifi ba, amma kuma hutawa: tennis, wasa a kananan garuruwa. Ya so ya tafi abokansa zuwa gida, hutawa, kifi da farauta.

Nau'in

Bisa ga yanayin Alexander Poskrebyshev, hoto wanda yake a cikin wannan labarin, an ƙaddara shi ne mai mahimmanci. Da yanayi mai kyau, amma a aikin da aka tattara kuma tsananin. Yayin da 'yarsa ke tunawa, sai ya fada cewa mutum ya kasance mai kirki, amma ba tausayi ba.

Mutuwa na Poskrebyshev

Alexander Nikolaevich ba shi da lokacin yin harba, tun da Stalin ya mutu. Khrushchev ya zo iko ya kuma bar Poskrebyshev daga stasis. Ba a yarda ya yi aiki ba, amma an aiko shi ya huta a kan fansa. Ya rayu shekaru goma sha biyu fiye da Yusufu Vissarionovich Stalin. Poskrebyshev Alexander Nikolayevich, sakatare na Stalin da hannun dama, ya mutu a ranar 3 ga watan Janairun sittin da biyar. An binne shi a kurkuku na Moscow Novodevichy.

Awards

Alexander Nikolaevich Poskrebyshev an ba da kyauta guda hudu na Lenin, lambar yabo "Domin nasara akan Jamus a yakin duniya na biyu". Har ila yau yana da lambar yabo "Aikin Jarumi a yakin duniya na biyu".