Ja algae

Division Red algae ( "whelk") ya hada game da dubu huɗu iri da kuma fiye da mutum ɗari shida da haihuwar. A mafi tsufa wakilan samu a Cambrian sediments, shekaru da game da miliyan 550 da shekaru.

Saboda kasancewar wani adadin fasali, ja algae suna dauke raba subkingdoms a shuka mulkin. Bugu da kari ya ja algae chromatophores chlorophylls da carotenoids ne ba, wasu ruwa mai narkewa pigments - phycobilins. A polysaccharide abubuwa a matsayin kayayyakin bagryankovy sitaci. Its hatsi ake ajiye waje da chloroplast a cytoplasm.

Gametes da spores ja algae da flagella. A sake zagayowar na ci gaba ya shafi uku, saukarwa. Daga mai zygote (bayan fe) kafa diploid kwayoyin - sporophyte. Yana samar da wani diploid spores, na wanda na biyu ƙarni aka kafa. Kwayoyin na sabon sporophyte ne da za'ayi domin a wasu tsawon meiosis da kuma raya haploid spores. Sun samar da tsara ta uku - samar gametes haploid gametophyte.

Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na cell membranes na ja algae ne ba hemicellulose da kuma pectin. Bã su da ikon kumbura karfi da ci a cikin general taro na gamsai. thread sau da yawa thallus (gudun hijira) gam mucous abubuwa da suke m ga tabawa. A intercellular sarari da kuma cell ganuwar da yawa ja algae ba phycocolloids. Wadannan sulfur-dauke da polysaccharides suna yadu amfani da mutum tattalin arziki aiki. Mafi mashahuri ne agaroid, carrageenin da agar. Mutane da yawa ja algae bambanta da gaban na alli carbonate a cikin cell ganuwar. Wannan bangaren imparts rigidity whelk.

A yawa na ja algae thalli samuwar ne da za'ayi ta hanyar intertwining na kwayar filaments. Suna a haɗe zuwa substrate ta wajen rhizoids. thalli size dabam daga 'yan santimita zuwa dukan mita.

Red algae an samu yawanci a tekuna. Akwai whelk ko da yaushe a haɗe zuwa da bawo, da duwatsu da sauran abubuwa a kasa. Wani lokaci algae za a iya samu a kan wani babban isa zurfin.

Kallitamnion corymbose - hankula ja algae. Wannan wakilin ja algae siffofin da wani sosai m bushes zuwa goma santimita tsayi, haske ruwan hoda launi. A bushes kunshi ma branched filaments.

Nemalion - daya more wakilin ja algae - girma a kan teku cliffs. Its kodadde ruwan hoda igiyoyinsu isa biyar millimeters lokacin farin ciki da ashirin da biyar santimita a tsawon.

Domin algae HALITTAR Delessert mai haske ja fronds kama ganye.

A dumi kõguna na kowa whelk HALITTAR Corallina. Sun kunshi segments thalli impregnated lemun tsami da kuma a haɗa gidajen abinci (tare da wani low abun ciki na lemun tsami). Wannan ya ba da shuka da sassauci da cewa taimaka wajen tsayayya taguwar ruwa da kuma ci gaba a yankunan da karfi surf.

Whelk ne yadu amfani da mutum a cikin kasuwanci. Kamar yadda aka sani, wadannan algae ne quite m samfurin saboda gaban na gina jiki, ma'adanai da kuma bitamin.

A Hawaii, a Gabas kasashen Asiya na ja algae an shirya wani iri-iri na jita-jita. Cinye wadannan algae da kuma candied ko bushe. Na edible ja algae m porphyry da rodimeniya. Wadannan algae da ake samu a da yawa tekuna. A Japan, fairly da raya masana'antu namo wadannan shuke-shuke. A jihar bakin teku tsiri aza a cikin m ruwa da duwatsu, rassan ko miƙa wucin gadi networks, saka daga m igiyoyi da a haɗe zuwa bamboo iyakacin duniya. Bayan wani lokaci, duk wadannan abubuwa zama overgrown tare da algae.