Jini gwaje-gwaje: LYM dikodi mai a yara (a kullum)

Da zuwan yaro daga iyayensu, akwai mutane da yawa ban mamaki da kuma ba za'a iya mantawaba lokacin. A farko murmushi, da farko kalmar, da farko matakai. Duk wadannan nasarori baby ne mafi muhimmanci ga mahaifansa biyu. Inna da kuma Dad na kokarin ba da yaro kawai mafi kyau da kuma kare shi daga dukan bala'i. Amma, duk da m da m kula, da yaro ayan don samun lafiya.

Wannan kare jariri daga rashin lafiya?

Da samun a cikin duniya daga cikin bakararre yanayi na mahaifa, da yaro da aka fuskanci da yawa da ake dasu duniya.

Ya saba da karami wakilan da rai siffofin fara da farko numfashi. Domin bakararre kwayoyin yaro kowane kwayoyin daukawa mai barazana. Amma, an yi sa'a, yanayi ya dauka kula da m adam, awarding shi da iko kariya - rigakafi. Na rigakafi da tsarin da jariri kuma shi nauyi ne a kan mahaifiyarsa. Yana da uwa ne iya ba da jiki mai iko tsaro na yaro tare da na farko saukad da na madara. Saboda haka yanayin nufi, kuma mafi kyau babu wanda zai iya tunani na ko ƙirƙirãwa.

Amma yaron bai iya tsayayya da dukan kwayoyin cewa faruwa a cikin rayuwarsa. A sakamakon irin wannan taro - da ya faru na cututtuka. Bayan ganewa na yaro ta bayyanar cututtuka, mu gaggauta zuwa ga wani gwani - pediatrician. Hankali duba your yaro, likita zai bayar da shawarar for cikakken hoto na wani jini gwajin.

Abin da yake iya gaya mai jini gwajin?

Complete jini analysis iya gaya mai yawa game da physiological yanayin yaro a wannan lokacin. Jini gwaje-gwaje, dikodi mai, LYM - duk wadannan Concepts ne da muhimmanci ga likita. Domin wannan nuna alama, likita zai iya yin hukunci da jihar na rigakafi na baby.

Me jini gwaje-gwaje, LYM, abin da shi ne da kuma dalilin da ya sa ka bukatar ka? Saboda haka, kana da wani jerin tare da wani yawa na rudani ga talakawan mutum alamomin da lambobi. Hankalta da su ne kawai ta hanyar wani likita gwani. Amma fahimci wani abu saboda wani mutum ba tare da masu sana'a da ilimi. Alal misali, abin da yake cikin LYM? Analysis na jini, dikodi mai na wanda aka bai kasa zai taimaka wajen fahimtar matsalolin da Indiyan likita sharuddan.

Yawancin lokaci, a takardar da sakamakon da cikakken jini count hada da wadannan babban maki:

• HB - haemoglobin. Wannan adadi ya nuna abubuwan da ke na musamman na furotin a cikin jini, wanda yake da m na oxygen a cikin jikin mutum.
• HT - Hematocrit. A darajar wannan nuna alama nuna rabo na jini Kwayoyin zuwa jini.
• RBC - ja jini Kwayoyin. Wannan matsayi ne a hankali alaka da adadin haemoglobin, kamar yadda erythrocytes - ja jini Kwayoyin - suna dako na wannan muhimmanci gina jiki.
• CPU - launi index. Yana nuna rabo na haemoglobin index ga adadin ja jini Kwayoyin.
• WBC - farin jini Kwayoyin. Wannan irin hali ya ce da yawa game da abun ciki na jikinsu da alhakin adawa da kwayoyin zuwa daban-daban cututtuka.
• NEU - neutrophils. Wannan ji ba bayani game da sel m rigakafi, wanda aiki ne zuwa sha da kuma neutralize waje jikinsu da kuma kwayoyin.
• EOS - eosinophils. Wadannan Kwayoyin suna ma ba takamaiman rigakafi mutum, wanda bayyana kanta a alerji da kuma parasitic cututtuka.
• LYM - lymphocytes. Wannan matsayi ya bayyana Jihar takamaiman rigakafi da kuma faye hali mai kumburi tafiyar matakai a cikin jikin mutum. Domin masana nazarin jini gwaje-gwaje, bidiyon dikodi LYM ne sosai m.
• PLT - platelets. Wadannan musamman corpuscles ne alhakin jini clotting da aka adsorbed a kan saurã daga sharar rigakafi mahadi.
• ESR - erythrocyte sedimentation kudi. A darajar wannan siga gaya likita game da kasancewar a cikin jiki kumburi ko wasu pathological cututtuka.

Tare da wadannan Figures aka nuna a zahiri gano dabi'u da kuma iyaka dabi'u. Wannan abin da irin bayanai na da jini gwajin. Deciphering da LYM a yara da za'ayi a daidai da shekaru na yaro. Standard Manuniya canza kamar yadda suke girma mazan yaro.

Menene lymphocytes?

Abin da ya gaya mana cikin m acronym LYM? A jini gwajin, wanda kwafi na da ka sani, na nuna jini musamman barbashi - lymphocytes.

Lymphocytes ne da maikacin jini, wani bangare ne na rigakafi da tsarin na wani mutum. Wannan kungiyar agranulocytes, wani irin farin jini Kwayoyin, wanda ake kira "farin jini Kwayoyin". B lymphocytes ayyuka sun hada da wadannan abubuwa:

• Samar da wata barã'aa ko humoral antibody amsa.
• Tuntužar da Kwayoyin - da ya shafa. Yana bayar da kariya a cikin salon salula matakin.
• Ayyukan ga tsari na sauran cell iri.

A al'ada kudi na lymphocytes in yara ne 30 - 70% (dangane da shekaru). Amma da jini ya ƙunshi kasa da 2% na dukkan fari da maikacin jini, don haka da sauran su wãtsa a cikin jiki da kuma aka jibge a cikin kyallen takarda. Jini gwajin likita hukunci da normality na lymphocytes a cikin jiki. Domin shi da zance LYM fihirisar (jini gwajin). Dikodi mai (na kullum ne kuma akwai a can) duk gaya. A yanayin a cikin abin da lambar wuce na kullum, aka kira lymphocytosis. Idan abun ne da ke ƙasa da iyaka, to, shi ne ake kira leukopenia.

A musamman alama ne da ikon da farin jini Kwayoyin gane antigens. Lymphocytes aka kafa a cikin wadannan gabobi na jikin mutum: da tonsils, Lymph nodes, saifa, Peyer ta faci, bargo, da appendix. A Allaha Kwayoyin suna da kananan Kwayoyin tare da duhu launin core. A core ƙunshi babban adadin chromatin da kuma kadan cytoplasm mitochondria located a warwatse siffan. Idan muka zana da ilimin halittar jiki na lymphocytes, da iri biyu za a iya bambanta:

• Manyan granular cell irin (yawanci NK-Kwayoyin, da wuya - immunoblast da lymphoblasts a Jihar division).
• Kananan sel (T da kuma B-lymphocytes).

Bisa ga ayyuka da cewa aiki lymphocytes a cikin jiki, da suka kasu kashi uku manyan iri: B-lymphocytes, T-lymphocytes da kuma NK-Kwayoyin.

B-lymphocytes

B Kwayoyin - ne Kwayoyin cewa suna iya gane maƙiya alamu ko antigens. A mayar da martani, sun samar da musamman kwayoyin gina jiki yanayi - antibodies.

A cikin nau'i na B-lymphocytes canza kama game da 10-20% na musamman Kwayoyin. A fasalin da wadannan sifofi ne a cikin memory na lamba tare da wani waje wakili, ko ta zama cutar, a bacteria ko sinadaran fili, halitta da kuma ta musamman inji na neutralization. Duk da yake wadannan Kwayoyin da rai, suka kare samu memory. suna ma iya aika da wannan bayanai da sabuwar kafa B-lymphocytes. Shi ne ta hanyar wadannan Kwayoyin ne iya yadda ya kamata gudanar da wani tsari na lamba.

T lymphocytes

T - lymphocytes ne peculiar gwamnoni na rigakafi. Da abun ciki a cikin jini - 60-85% na jimlar lymphocytes. A jini gwajin, LYM kwafi zai nuna daidai da irin wannan lymphocyte. Precursors na kungiyoyin na sel shigar da thymus ko thymus, inda aiwatar da su maturation. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa aka kira su T-lymphocytes. Wadannan Kwayoyin suna zuwa kashi da dama iri:

• T-lymphocytes qazanta CD4 alama. Cewa suna da hannu a cikin tsari na bambantawa aiwatar da B-lymphocytes da kuma samar da antibodies.
• T lymphocytes, CD4 alama dako. Wadannan corpuscles shiga cikin hadin gwiwa tare da phagocytes, da kuma taimaka musu domin su kau da kwayoyin cuta Kwayoyin. Biyu kungiyoyin na CD4 alama dako ake hada cikin wani aji na T mataimaki Kwayoyin.
• T-haɗẽwar haushi iya suppressing wani rigakafi martani ko cytotoxic sakamako a kan antigen ko saki cytokines ko siginar da bada korau tsari.
• T-lymphocytes qazanta da CD8 alama, kira T-makasan. Wadannan Kwayoyin ne iya gane kuma lalata tsarin kamu da ƙwayoyin cuta da kuma sauran kwayuka pathogens.

Babban ayyuka na T-lymphocytes a cikin mutane su ne:

• Haramta motsa B lymphocytes radiyo da kuma bambance.
• A ikon kashe rigakafi martani.
• A antigenic bayani dalla-dalla na T-mataimaki da T-kisa Kwayoyin.

NK-Kwayoyin

NK - lymphocytes ne ingancin iko aiki na duk Kwayoyin a cikin jikin mutum. Su asusu domin 5-20% na dukkan lymphocytes.

Fahimtar wani cell abnormality, NK - lymphocyte iya lalata shi. NK raguwa tsaye domin «Halitta Killer» ( «halitta kisa"), wanda ya nuna yadda wadannan salon salula abu. Samun sabani a cell alama, NK - lymphocyte kashe shi, samar da histological tsarki a cikin jikin mutum. Its mataki ne da nufin yafi a yaki da cancerous marurai Kwayoyin canza kama da ƙwayoyin cuta.

Saboda haka, akwai jini gwaje-gwaje (kwafi LYM) zai gaya likita game da al'ada idan jariri lymphocyte ciki. A wannan mataki, za mu iya magana game da al'ada, dagagge ko rage abinda wadannan Kwayoyin a cikin jini. Al'ada lymphocyte content nuna a tebur.

Table of daidaita Manuniya lymphocytes

A mafi m for kimantawa da wannan nuna alama ne da cikakken jini count (kwafi LYM Ly). Lymphocytes (Figures samuwa idan aka kwatanta da na kullum) zai gaya game da dagagge ko rage abinda wadannan abubuwa a cikin jini.

Ya fi girma abinda ke ciki na lymphocytes (lymphocytosis)

Akwai iri biyu lymphocytosis:

• A zumunta karuwa da lymphocytes a cikin jini yana magana ne kawai game da karin kashi na karshen a total leucocyte count. A total number of lymphocytes ba karu. Jini gwaje-gwaje (kwafi LYM) zai nuna yawansu. A zumunta leukocytosis halayyar typhoid zazzabi, mura, anemia Birmera, na kullum splenomegaly, aleukia, endocrine cututtuka (Addison ta kuma kaburbura 'cuta), wasu siffofin na bitamin rashi, ta jiki ci, tamowa, a jihar bayan prophylactic lamba kuma a lokacin dawo da bayan m kamuwa da cuta.
• A cikakkar karuwa a lymphocytes halayyar for kullum da kirki syphilis halayen bayan subcutaneous gwamnatin epinephrine, benign da tarin fuka, pertussis (a hade tare da leukocytosis), peptic angina, lymphatic cutar sankarar bargo.

A rage abun ciki na lymphocytes (lymphocytopenia)

Lymphopenia ko lymphocytopenia iya zama na biyu iri:

• A zumunta lymphopenia, na faruwa a yawancin lokuta, da aka bayyana a rage yawan lymphocytes a leukocyte dabara. A wannan yanayin, da cikakkar lymphocyte count iya zama al'ada ko dagagge. Wannan sabon abu ne na hali na leukemic mieloza, leukocytosis (sepsis, lobar ciwon huhu).
• Cikakkar leukopenia ne rare. Shi ne na hali m cutar a mai tsanani form. Alal misali, ga m sepsis, kyanda, sarcomas, Lymph kumburi da tarin fuka, da ciwon daji. LYM (cikakken jini count, dikodi mai dukkan Manuniya) bukatar sani da masana a cikin ganewar asali da kuma kara jarrabawa na haƙuri.

Shawara daga abin da masana da ake bukata?

Ga shawara da kuma gane siffofin farin jini cell count munanan, daidai ganewar asali za bukatar shawara tare da wani hematologist likita phthisiatrician da Venereology. Very m ga wadannan kwararru CBC dikodi mai LYM (wannan adadi ya karu ko rage) don taimakawa wajen sa daidai ganewar asali. Lokacin da hadaddun jarrabawa da kuma dace masu sana'a magani ne ko da yaushe wani rabo ya sãmu ga wani cikakken maida daga mãsu haƙuri.