Kananan hanji: description, sifa da aiki

Yadda za a yi mu'amala da wani bakin ciki da kuma manyan hanji? Mene ne fasali na wakilta sassa na narkewa kamar fili? Mene ne muhimmancin da kananan hanji play a cikin tsari na sha na gina jiki? Za mu yi kokarin amsa wadannan tambayoyi da wasu a cikin biyayya.

Sashe na daga cikin kananan hanji na mutum

Bambanta irin wannan kananan hanji:

1. Duodenum haɗu da ciki yanki ne fãsiƙai. Wannan na farko kananan hanji Forms madauki a kusa da kofaton pancreas. A duodenum ne kusan gaba ɗaya dake a cikin retroperitoneal kogo. Yammacin iyaka na sarari kawai ta kananan appendage - ampoule.
2. Jejunum siffofin da babba kananan hanji. Gabatar a cikin nau'i na bakwai madaukai cewa karya a gefen hagu na peritoneum.
3. Ileum located a cikin ƙananan dama yanki na ciki. Its ƙarshen madauki ya wuce a cikin pelvic yankin. A ileum an haɗa zuwa layin da yake a kusa da kusanci zuwa ga mafitsara, ya zauna cikin mahaifa (a cikin mata).

jiki sigogi

The sama sassan na kananan hanji a daban-daban rabo da wani m diamita. A distal zone index ne 2-3 cm proximal zuwa - 4-6. A kauri daga cikin hanji bango ne daidai 2-3 mm, kuma ya kai 4.5 a cikin hali na rage nama. A tsawon na kananan hanji a matsayin dukan iya zama 5-6 mita. A daidai wannan lokaci da nauyi a cikin manya ne kusan 650

Kananan hanji: sassan, ayyuka,

Manyan narkewa matakai suna faruwa a cikin kananan hanji. A mucous membrane na gida nama samar wani babban adadin aiki enzyme. Su sarrafa Hummus - abinci gruel halitta da ciki juices. Ga amfani abubuwa suna tunawa a cikin Lymph da jini capillaries cewa samar da sufuri da kyallen takarda da kuma sashin jiki tsarin. Ka yi la'akari da abin da ayyuka suna yi da sassan da kananan hanji:

• Duodenum - da hydrolysis da sunadarai, carbohydrates, fats. Yana bayar da wani aiki da samar da narkewa kamar enzymes. Tafiyar matakai da undigested abinci barbashi bile kai na ciki abinda ke ciki.
• Jejunum - motor, tsotsa, hormonal aiki, da hydrolysis na polymers.
• Iliac yanki - kai da kuma mota aiki. Yana bayar da sha na abubuwa da ake kafa ta hydrolysis. Refines bile acid.

Da ikon na sel na kananan hanji da hormone samarwa

A samar da hormones abubuwa a matsayin wani takamaiman aiki na gida nama. Sashe na daga cikin kananan hanji ne ba kawai wani bangare na narkewa kamar fili, amma kuma wani ɓangare na endocrine tsarin. Yana samar da mai fadi da jerin hormones cewa tsara da kai da kuma mota aiki na hanji da kuma narkewa kamar.

A cikin kananan hanji mayar da hankali na gaba sa na endocrine Kwayoyin:

• I-Kwayoyin - nuna cholecystokinin.
• D-Kwayoyin - somatostatin.
• M-Kwayoyin - motilin.
• G-Kwayoyin - gastrin.
• K-Kwayoyin - glucose-dogara insulinotropic polypeptide.
• S- Kwayoyin - secretin.

The girma na hormone-samar da Kwayoyin dake a cikin jejunum da duodenum. Kananan ɓangare daga gare su - a cikin iliac.

Ta yaya narkewa a cikin kananan hanji?

Narkewa a cikin kananan hanji kamar haka. Pre-bi yau da kuma na ciki da ruwan 'ya'yan itace da ɓangaren litattafan almara zuwa daga ciki shi ne acidic. A cikin kananan hanji taro da aka wakilta alkaline hari. Kamar wancan ne mafi kyau duka yanayi na sarrafa gina jiki enzymes. Tsakiyan nonon na gina jiki aka gyara na abinci slurry ne ya rinjayi da wadannan abubuwa da na hanji juices:

1. Enzymes enterokinase, kinazogen, trypsin sarrafa sauki sunadarai.
2. Erepsin cleaves peptides cikin amino acid.
3. Nuclease hannun jari a gano hadaddun kwayoyin gina jiki asali, da aka sani da nucleoproteins.
4. Enzymes maltase, phosphatase, amylase da lactase karya saukar carbohydrates.
5. Lipase sabobin tuba fats.

Bayan kira na amfani da abubuwa daga abinci ɓangaren litattafan almara da magani tare da enzymes, proteinaceous kuma carbohydrate yayan ake tunawa da villi na kananan hanji. Bugu da ari, da alama abubuwa yi aiki a kan venous capillaries a cikin hanta nama. Bi da bi, da fats aka aika zuwa lymphatic tsarin.

Cututtuka na kananan hanji

Mafi na kowa ailments da shafi kananan hanji, su ne zawo da stool jinkirta tafarkin. Defecation cuta ana sau da yawa tare da ci gaba da zafi a cikin peritoneum. Popular sau da yawa, idan akwai guba da cuta daga cikin kananan hanji akwai yalwa da flatulence. A wannan yanayin, da zafi ne takaice, matsakaici da kuma ba wata babbar factor a cikin rashin jin daɗi.

A na kowa alama na kasawa a cikin aikin da kananan hanji - tsãwa a peritoneum, ji na atypical ƙungiyoyi a ciki. Mafi sau da yawa, wadannan cututtuka ne sakamakon m gas samar daga amfani da legumes, kabeji da dankali da hatsin rai gurasa. Ƙwarai kara habaka wadannan cututtuka zai iya zama da dare.

Don ƙarin tsanani sakamakon haifar da kasawa a samar da enzymes da tsagawa chyme a kan micronutrients. Idan narkewa saboda sha na abubuwa a cikin jini, kuma Lymph tasoshin, ba ya faruwa yadda ya kamata, kuma zai iya kai ga nauyi asara, yanã raunanar da na kashi da tsoka nama. A sakamakon bacin ne sau da yawa gashi hasara, bushe fata, bayyanar busa a cikin extremities.

Akwai da dama na asali yanayi da kai ga ci gaban da pathologies a cikin kananan hanji:

• Malabsorption - malabsorption na gina jiki.
• Maldigestion - low narkewa kamar aiki.

Idan muka magana game da rashin ingancin abinci aiki slurry, irin wannan mamaki faruwa kan bango na low matakan enzymes a cikin hanji juices. Low fermentation na iya zama duka biyu samu da kuma kwayoyin. Yawanci wannan Pathology shirin protrude sakamako na kullum kumburi, endocrine cuta, m shisshigi.

bincikowa da

Don gane asali da ci gaban da na hanji cututtuka, masana sun koma ga irin hanyoyin da bincike:

• kwantena jarrabawa.
• SPL.
• colonoscopy.
• endoscopy.
• fibroscopy.
• radiography.

Game da bincike, akwai an bayar da wani misali hanya. A haƙuri rents stool samfurin, da jini da aka dauka. The stools aka jarrabi for gaban tsutsotsi. A cikin nazarin jini da aka ɗauke shi zuwa lissafi gudun motsi na ja jini Kwayoyin. Bugu da ƙari, yi ganowa, wanda damar tantance da hanta da kuma thyroid gland shine yake.

magani

Far da nufin maido da ayyuka na kananan hanji, shafi, na farko, da kawar da tamkar cuta. Tare da rashin enzymes a cikin hanji juices shan shirye-shirye dauke da su roba musanya. Wannan nauyi asara da ake sa nufin for parenteral abinci kyallen takarda. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na kwanan nan gaban wani emulsion na fats, amino acid, da furotin da hydrolysates, da mayar da hankali glucose.

Idan matsaloli suna lalacewa ta hanyar hanji dysbiosis, rubũta maganin rigakafi. A karshen iya tsokana m ko cikakken halakar da amfani Flora. A saboda wannan dalili, bayan da magani da haƙuri bukatar m "Bifikol", "Lactobacterin" ko "kolibakterin" - nazarin halittu kayayyakin da cewa suna da wani tasiri a kan maido da hanji biocenosis.

Popular sau da yawa, marasa lafiya da suke fama da cuta a cikin kananan hanji, an sanya sami magani da cewa yana sa hatimi tumbi. Wadannan sun hada da miyagun kwayoyi da babban abun ciki na alli, bismuth. Idan samuwar ruwa tumbi Yanã kasa mannewa m acid, to gyara matsalar sun koma ga yin amfani da kunna carbon. Duk na sama korau aukuwa bukatar pre-jiyya ga likita. Don kawo kananan hanji al'ada, yana da muhimmanci a daina kai, dace ganewar asali da kuma isassun tunani akai ɓullo da gwani far.

a ƙarshe

Saboda haka za mu dubi abin da kanta ne a kananan hanji rarrabu, tsarin wakilci kashi na narkewa kamar fili. Kamar yadda ka gani, da gida nama suna kai tsaye da hannu a abinci aiki, tsagawa da shi a cikin raba ma'adanai. Kananan hanji samar enzymes, bitamin, hormones, jamiái cewa bunkasa rigakafi aiki. A daidai wannan lokaci da ya faru na rashi na amfani da kwayoyin da cewa rayuwa a kan ganuwar, ko da yaushe take kaiwa zuwa cin gaban pathological yanayi.