Kerawa da biography na Edvard Munch. Norwegian artist Edvard Munch

Yau muna magana game da wani Norwegian fenta kuma mai hoto artist, art sharhi da kuma wasan kwaikwayo artist Edvard Munch. Ya dauke da wani wakilin expressionism, kuma daya daga cikin na farko. Aikinsa yana da babban tasiri a kan Sahaban zuwa wannan rana. Ya zane-zane da abound da jigogi na Loneliness kuma mutuwa, kazalika da ƙishirwa ga rayuwa. Wannan mutumin halitta na musamman da gaske hotuna cewa kawai jinkiri da viewer cikin wani bakon da kuma m duniya. E. Munch - a gaskiya basira da kuma kau da na sana'a. Ya fentin kawai a lokacin da ji da motsin zuciyarmu ya rinjaye shi: saboda real halittawa haifar Masterpieces a wannan jihar.

yara

Artist Edvard Munch, wanda kwanan watan haihuwa da dama a kan 1863, an haife shi a wani babban iyali. Mahaifinsa, Kirista, wani soja likita. A Munch ya na da wani mazan da 'yar'uwa, Johanna Sofia, Brother Andreas, da kuma biyu matasa, da' yan'uwanku mãtã, Laura da kuma Inger. The iyali rayu tsare isa, za ka iya ma ce kalla sosai. Amma Munch masu ilimi da kuma ladabi mutane, don haka ya jimre da wucin gadi matsayi. Da al'adunsu da asalinsu ne wajen zurfin: mai nĩsa dangi na sanannen mai zane-zane da aka Neoclassicist, wani almajiri na Jacques-Lui Davida. Uba Kristiana Munka shi ne mai wa'azi, wanda da yawa san kuma ƙaunar, da ɗan'uwansa, Peter Andreas Munch - mai girma tarihi.

Cikin dukanin da yara Edward ta iyali koma daga wuri zuwa wuri. Wannan shi ne saboda mahaifin ta bashi sabis, kazalika saboda gaskiyar cewa wani rashin kudi tilasta iyali akai-akai don duba ga mai rahusa gidaje. Mafi sau da yawa, da iyali a Christiania, Norway (yanzu Oslo). Biography Edvarda Munka yara yana duhu spots: 5 years old, ya rasa mahaifiyarsa, wanda ya mutu da tarin fuka. Kuma daidai shekaru 10 daga wannan cuta mutu m 'yar'uwa Sofia. A cikin memoirs, E. Munch ce cewa mahaifinsa shi ko da yaushe mai kyau, amma da babban drawback ya addininsa, wanda ya wuce haddi na kowa hankali. Little Edward sau da yawa shan azaba da m wahayi na jahannama, saboda haka, sai ya yi girma quite damuwa yaro. Yawa zumunta tuno daga baya cewa zane iyawa yaro a wani sosai tun da wuri.

Kamar yadda aka ambata a baya, ya mutu daga tarin fuka yar'uwar Edward, Sofia. Yana wani buga masa, tun da sun kasance sosai kusa. Mutane da yawa masu bincike rayuwa da kuma aiki na mai zane-zane da aka ce cewa shi ya juyo na takaici a addini. Sam Norwegian artist Edvard Munch tuna cewa, a ranar mahaifina restlessly a kusa da dakin, hannun ta folded a cikin addu'a, amma ba zai iya yin kome ba, don taimaka wa talakawa yarinya. A nan gaba, wadannan tunanin sune tushen da zanen "The rashin lafiya yarinya."

zama

Biography Edvard Munch ci gaba shekaru samuwar. Ya shiga Technical College, inda kyau kwarai karatu daidai kimiyyar. Man sau da yawa rashin lafiya, amma yayi ba miss azuzuwan. Ba da da ewa, saurayin daukan wani m yanke shawarar barin kwaleji zama wani artist. A 1881 ya shiga Royal jawo School a Christiania. Ya shawarta zama artist-halittu Kirista Krogh. Ya sauri gabatar da wani saurayi da wata Metropolitan bohemians. Godiya ga Kirista Krog, Edward ya gana da wani marubuci Anarchist Hans Jaeger. Su sauri sami wani yare gama-gari, da kuma Munch ji sau da yawa rinjayar da wannan mutumin. A 1883 akwai jama'a halarta a karon na Edward - ya gabatar da wani hoto na "Nazarin da kai." A karshen wadannan shekara ya samu ilimi, wanda ya tafi zuwa Faransa. A 1886, Munch ya gabatar da zanen "Sick Girl", sukar rungumi shi sosai barnatar. Kin amincewa da rikita batun Munch, kuma yin koyi da zane-zane sun ra'ayin mazan jiya.

Paris

Munch zane-zane har yanzu shiga a cikin nuni. Kuma da artist kansa bayan wani gajeren hutu don Faransa. Akwai halarci azuzuwan Leon Bonnat, ya tafi da nuni. Ya yi gwajin abubuwan da yawa m styles, mafi sau da yawa kokarin impressionism da pointillism. Edward zarar sami fitar game da rasuwar tsohonsa, da kuma labarai buga shi a whack. Ya ba shi da wani lokaci domin jana'izar, kuma da dama a cikin wani shafe tsawon ciki. Edvard Munch, wanda aikin dandana stagnation sau, ya fito daga ciki da kuma haifar da daya daga cikin shahararrun zane-zane - "Night a St. Cloud."

"Frieze of Life"

A cikin 1890 biography Edvarda Munka a bit m: a Christiania, wani nuni da zane-zane, inda ya samun wani m amsa. Ba da da ewa ya je natsu a cikinsa, Nice, da kuma gani a nan hoto Van Goga da Gauguin, wanda daga baya zai sha'awan. A wannan lokaci karshe kafa Munch style - tsabta Lines, m al'amuran da sauki siffofi. Bayan ya dawo zuwa Norway, ya rubuta daga cikin zane "melancholy" da "Frieze of Life". sanannen "kururuwa" zai tashi daga karshe scene. Bayan wani lokaci, sai ya sadu da A. Norman, wanda aka yarda da kerawa na Edward. Rich zama majiɓinci bayyana Munch solo nune-nunen a Berlin. A artworks ne mai yawa tabbatacce sake dubawa, na farko lokacin da ya ji wannan fitarwa. A wannan lokaci Munch daura wani al'amari tare da m Norwegian, wanda ba a kan wani abu, wanin rauni.

cuta

Saboda jijiya Romana Munk fara jin ba daidai ba, amma ba ya ba shi gwargwadon muhimmancin. Ba da da ewa ya daura wani daya dangantaka da cellist. Amma da labari ya ƙare da wani wuya rabuwar daga m hali na Munch. Ya fara ƙara nuna ta'adi da tuhuma. More kuma mafi mutane lura cewa Edward zama tashin hankali, kuma ya ne karban wani misãli ba. A 1908 aka sanya shi a cikin wani asibitin masu tabin hankali a Copenhagen tare da ganewar asali shafi tunanin mutum da cuta. Ya tsaya a can na tsawon watanni shida, aka tsunduma a cikin m aiki.

daga baya da shekaru

Edvard Munch, ban sha'awa facts wanda ba haka ba ne da yawa, za su iya har yanzu gaya maka wani abu. Saboda haka, shi ne sau da yawa plagued da hallucinations, wanda ya bayyana a cikin diary. Haka kuma an yi imani da cewa yana jin tsoro na ja-masu gashi mata. A cikin 'yan shekaru, Kai masa zane-zane ya zama mafi karko fasali, amma mafi m batutuwa. A 1916 ya sayi wani villa, wanda ke tsunduma a aikin lambu. Bayan shekaru biyu ya da dama rashin lafiya "Mutanen Espanya mura", amma da sauri recovers. A 1930 ya yi wata matsala tare da gani, saboda abin da ya kusan tsaya rubutu. Lokacin da Norway aka shagaltar, Munch kira "Nordic gaskiya" artist. Ba da da ewa, da Nazis canza ra'ayi zuwa ga Edward da akayi. A cikin 'yan shekaru ya rayu tare da tsoro da ya zane-zane da aka kwace daga gidansa. Ya mutu a cikin 1944, wata guda bayan da 80th ranar tunawa.

"The Scream"

Edvard Munch - wani impressionist wanda ya karbi m shahararsa saboda ta zane "The Scream". A total akwai 4 na ta bambance-bambancen karatu, wanda aka rubuta a cikin tsawon 1893-1910 shekaru. Da farko, marubucin ya kira shi "yanke ƙauna." Man, firgita a cikin hoton, da sauri ya zama daya daga cikin mafi recognizable haruffa a cikin art. Daya version na hoto ne a hannun wani m haraji. Sayar da zane-zane a kan gwanjo ba "kururuwa" mafi tsada yanki na art.

sata zane-zane

Biography Edvard Munch ci gaba a yau, saboda akwai shi a cikin zane-zane. Da ayyukan art ne sau da yawa sosai ya zama batu na sassaƙa-up intruders. A shekarar 1994 ya aka sace ta hanyar da ya shahara zanen "The Scream" daga National Gallery. Miyagun sata mugun tsara, don haka hoton ya girma har a kamar wata biyu. Har ila yau, ya yi tsirfanci sata na Munch ta zanen "Vampire". Gaskiya tilasta doka da hukumomin kasa da za su gudanar da wani cin nasara gudanar da bincike, don haka "Vampire" da aka samu. A 2004, wani gungun 'yan fashi sun koya daga Munch Museum bambancin zane-zane "Madonna" da "Scream". A shekarar 2006, an mayar da Museum, da kuma masu laifin samu azãbarsu. A wannan yanayin, biyu zane-zane da aka lalace. Bayan dawowar zane-zane a cikin gidan kayan gargajiya don su scratches, burbushi na zafi da aka samu, frayed da ragged gefuna. Restorers sun aikata dukan abin da muka iya, amma wasu spots kasance bayyane.