Marubuci Alexander Vampilov: biography (photo). Rating littattafai

A m marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, ban tausayi sauke karatu daga duniya ta hanyar, Alexander Vampilov aka ba da aka buga a lokacin da yake rayuwa. A marubuci ayyukan da aka buga da kuma samu amincewa kawai posthumously. A lokacin da ya gajeren rayuwa Vampilov saki daga cikin play alkalami, manyan da kuma kunshi wani guda yi, da kuma gajeren litattafan aiki. Topics tashe ta Aleksandrom Valentinovichem, wahayi zuwa gare ta wasan kwaikwayo da kuma film gudanarwa a saka su a kan mataki. Opera saki ko da bayan play, wanda marubucin ya Alexander Vampilov. Reviews na marubuci ya gane ta hanyar yawa Monuments, gidajen tarihi a masa mutunci.

yara

Haife marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo a karamin gari na Irkutsk yankin, birni Kutulik. A iyali, wanda ya yi girma yara hudu, ya fi na kowa. Uba - da darektan da gida makaranta, yayin da mahaifiyarsa, wani malamin lissafi, yi aiki a can a matsayin mataimakin shugaban makaranta. Domin a gidan da ya canza a lokacin da mahaifinsa da aka kama bayan da aka tone a 1937. Yadda shi vodilos a lokacin, daya daga cikin "kyautatãwa" malaman rubuta a kansa denunciation, zargin da shi na anti-Soviet views. A irin wannan yanayi, shi zai fara ta rai Alexander Vampilov. Hotuna gabatar a kasa.

Saboda haka, uwar aka bar yara hudu. Yan'uwa jũya daga wata mace da suka yi kokari ta fi kyau ba to bari yara mutu a dalilin matsananciyar yunwa. Haka abin ya fara tafiya na rayuwa Vampilov Aleksandr Valentinovich, wanda biography ake labeled wani "maƙiyi daga cikin mutane".

A nan gaba marubuci da aka sani a matsayin talakawa yaro yayin da a makaranta, kome fice. Talent fara fito fili yawa daga baya. Mafi m, wannan shi ne saboda gaskiyar cewa ma nauyi kasance suna yara. Vampilov Aleksandr Valentinovich, wanda iyali da aka katse a sau da abinci da ruwa, kuma ba zai iya tunani game da art.

matasa

Literary aiki zai fara a lõkacin Vampilov zo a Irkutsk University a cikin Faculty of Tarihi da kuma Philology. A hankali Alexander Vampilov fara kokarin kanka a cikin rubuce-rubuce na gajeren labaru. A farko daga gare su buga a cikin jaridar] alibai. A kadan daga baya, sai aka gano da jagorancin na jaridar "Soviet matasa" - akwai wani saurayi ya fara aiki a shekarar 1961.

Yadda sosai talented marubucin, jaridar management Vampilov aika zuwa Moscow domin horo a kan adabi. Wannan ya taimaka Aleksandru Valentinovichu motsa har da aiki tsani: ya ke yanzu da sakataren zartarwa. Duk da haka, bayan shekaru da dama Vampilov suyi ritaya gaba daya surrendering to rubuce.

Abin baƙin ciki, ƙoƙarin hašawa akalla wasu aiki ga mataki don ba wadãtar. Da yawa daga baya kwaikwaiyo da Alexander V. da sha'awar BDT Petersburg (sai Leningrad), da kuma sauran manyan sinimomi.

Career, da rayuwar iyali a hankali ya fara inganta. Kuma ba zato ba tsammani ... mai ban tausayi mutuwa.

ban tausayi mutuwa

Kamar 'yan kwanaki ba rayu har zuwa 35th ranar tunawa da Alexander Vampilov. Brief biography kawo karshen mugun m. Yanke Shawara shakata a kan lake, da kuma abokin tafi zuwa ga lake tare da wani jirgin ruwa.

Yana da haka ya faru da cewa jirgin, kama a itatuwa jikinta kuma ta tashi a karkashin ruwa, ya juya juye. Kowane marubuci Gleb Pakulov, kira ga taimako da aka ceto. Vampilov ya yanke shawarar samun zuwa tudu a cikin ruwa na garin kankara. Kuma da zaran ya tako a bakin - zuciya kasa.

Binne marubuci abokai, sani, da kuma baki ɗaya. Tare da jana'izar wani da gaske alaka biyu allahntaka labaru. Shaidu sun nasaba da wannan gaskiyar ya ba ya so ya bar don haka farkon Aleksandr Vampilov. Tarihinsa ba a gama ba har sai karshen. Masu shirya jana'izar, ya manta ya kawo igiya da wanda wajibi ne su runtse da akwatin gawa cikin kabari. A bustle na abin da ke faruwa ga abokai na yi samu, sa'an nan jira da hurumi rikon. Duk da yake neman - akwatin gawa tare da jikin da marubuci ya tsaya a kan gãɓar rãmi na kabari. Wannan ba shine karshen tarihi. Da zarar duk da wannan marubuci ta jikinsa ta fara bari saukar - ya juya waje cewa rami ne ma kananan. Sake na yi jira har sai ta tono dama.

Paradoxically, da kuma cewa nan da nan bayan mutuwa fara m amfani gudanarwa da kuma wallafa da al'adunmu, wanda zai iya barin Vampilov Aleksandr Valentinovich.

m hanya

Rubuta Vampilov farawa kasancewa a farko-shekara dalibi na Tarihi da kuma Philology. A farko short makala buga gida jami'a wallafe. The kawai tarin gajejjeran labaru da aka buga a zamaninsa, shi ne samuwa kawai a wannan lokaci. Wannan gajeren comic labarai, rubuta karkashin pseudonym A. Sanin.

Bayan ya dawo daga Moscow (inda Alexander V. ya karu cancantar na marubuci), ya yi aiki don wani lokaci a cikin babbar post na sakataren zartarwa na "Soviet matasa", ya rubuta guda biyu short comic plays: "A da ɗari rubles na sabon kudi", "The Raven Garka".

Vampilov hankali zo da ganin cewa ya dole ne magance musamman tare da kerawa. Saboda haka, sai ya ce ban kwana ga aiki a cikin jaridar, kuma zai fara aiki da wallafe-wallafen aiki. Ba da da ewa akwai da play "Farewell a watan Yuni", wanda marubucin yayi da sanarwa a Moscow wasan kwaikwayo. Abin baƙin ciki, wadannan yunkurin ba su kasance m.

Taimaka Vampilov hali a lokacin da damar da ya gana da gidan waya sa'an nan aka sani mawallafin wasannin kwaikwayo, Arbuzov, wanda ya amince ya yi da kuma karanta a play by Alexander "Farewell a watan Yuni". Vampilov na'am da kyau sake dubawa daga cikin shahararrun marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, amma Moscow mataki samfurin sa'an nan kuma ba su gani.

A cikin tsawon 1969-1971 shekaru, akwai fi shahara plays. Suna dauka a saka a lardin sinimomi, amma Moscow da kuma Birnin Leningrad, Vavilov rufe. Abin ba in ciki, ban sha'awa a cikin aikin na marubucin wasannin kwaikwayo, ya fara jim kadan kafin mutuwarsa a shekara ta 1972. Yana da wuya a ce dalilin da ya sa babban birnin kasar ta sinimomi sun biya da hankali ga shi, amma guda da ake dauka don sa da BDT, da Stanislavsky Theater. Ko Lenfilm Vavilov ƙarasa da wata kwangila ga rubutu na ainihi screenplay. Abin baƙin ciki, ban gan Alexander Vampilov m Productions da ya plays a Moscow: ransa aka yanka a takaice a hawaye.

"Farewell a watan Yuni": summary

Rubuta a shekarar 1965, da comedy "Farewell a watan Yuni" shi ne halayyar da adabi na lokaci. Vampilov nuna protagonist, dalibi a zama na gaba na wanda akwai lokatan gagarumin metamorphosis ba ga mafi alhẽri.

Da farko Kolesov nuna rai na kamfanin, shi ne nuna godiya malamai da 'yan ajinsu. Shi ne na asali ba, amma ya bambanta a wasu irin eccentric, kamar duk dalibai.

Duk abin ya canza lokacin da gwarzo da dama a cikin Rector 'yar Tatiana.
Domin wasu dalilai, da shugaban sashen nazarin da wannan dangantaka, ya yi barazanar kora daga Jami'ar Kolesov. A dalibi a wata asara, saboda ya gaske likes a yarinya, amma ya fahimci cewa diploma ba zai iya rasa, saboda kafin a saki kasance wani al'amari na watanni. Bayan da yawa bege Kolesov ya amince da yarjejeniyar da amai Tanya.

Analysis na "rabuwar a watan Yuni"

Vampilov aikata babban harafin da wani mummunan hali, ya ba shi damar canja da kuma shi alamu a karatu, saboda ƙafafun ba faruwa, sai ya tũba, a wani Maganta motsin zuciyarmu tsãge diploma da yake ƙoƙarin dawo da yarinya. Marubuci ƙare kamar yadda ya bayyana wa mai karatu a nan gaba, ba mu fatan cewa za a gyara.

Ba za mu iya ce cewa wannan wasa shi ne shakka a soyayya dangantaka, da kuma cin amana. Jirgin Saman shi ne yafi hakan: a yarjejeniyar da lamirinsa, ka'idodinta. Kuma wanda ya lashe shi, Vampilov ci gaba da baya. Wannan shi ne na musamman rubutun hannu na Alexander Viktorovich.

"Babban dan": summary

Aiki a kan "babban dan" Vampilov ne lokaci mai tsawo. Da farko, akwai zayyana, bayanin kula a litattafan rubutunku, sa'an nan aka buga wasu surori. A karshe version aka saki a 1970, da aka buga da wallafa gidan "Art".

Bulgakov cewa rikici zo ga iyali - wanda kubutar da su daga dukan kuskure. Saboda haka, Nina, ya Sarafanova shi ya bayyana jigon da ango, tausayin Kudimov. Vasya tunani game da, don haka kamar yadda ba su shiga gandun daji. Gagarin da kuma kubutar da Sarafanova Sr., ba shi a fuskarsa daya more ɗa. Ya yi kamar wata iska daga sabo iska ga wannan iyali. Shi ne m cewa a karshen heroes zauna gida ba tare da Silva, abokin Busygina, kuma ba tare da muhimman hakkokin Kudimov. Su, bisa ga Vampilov - biyu matsananci maki da ba su da wuri a cikin rayuwata.

Mun yi wasa zobe abun da ke ciki: a karshen Bulgakov ma kuskure ya yamma jirgin kasa.

Analysis daga cikin samfurin, "babban dan"

Zai ze wani sauki mãkirci: knavery Busygina fatan bask. Amma shi ne fraught tare da zurfin tambayoyi shirya kai zuwa ga karatu Alexander Vampilov. Ayyukansa, kuma wadannan su ne daban-daban ma'ana, wanda aka bude wa mai karatu yadda marar ganuwa ɓangare na dutsen kankara. A cikin play, tsaye madawwami matsalar da ubanninku da yara. Takaici, kalmomi da ɗansa Sarafanova Vassenka cewa manya ba su da bukatar iyaye su yara. Very falsafa tsarin kula da batun Vampilov da kuma ma'anar rayuwa. Wane ne Sarafanov? Jonah, wanda aka kora daga aiki, ya bar matarsa da 'ya'yansa da ewa ba. Duk da haka, ya aka ba karai, kuma ya yi imanin cewa mutumin kirki zai gabatar da makoma dole wani abu mai kyau. Kuma ya ke daidai.

"Duck Hunt": summary da kuma bincike

Takaici, tasowa rayuwar mutane "stagnation" zamanin. Gaba daya bã tãre da halin kirki kwasfa na akida tushe, suka tafi tare da ya kwarara, lalata da rãyukansu. Irin wannan ne protagonist na "Duck Hunt" wasa ZILOV. An located in mai zurfi na ruhaniya rikicin.

Play ta fara da cewa wasu daga cikin dari ya sami wani jana'izar wreath tare da kalmomin da baƙin ciki a adireshin. Yana da matukar m, saboda tunani ZILOV kasance matattu na dogon lokaci. Daga baya a cikin play Vampilov wannan ne ba gardama shaida.

Hero nuna ta hanyar jerin fun, gulyanok, masoya, kuma qarya.

Galina matar gane su ba fiye da wani yanki na furniture, a wani abu ya ba sa kuma Faith, ya farka. Ko da kaina uba, tambayar da wani taro, dakatarda Zilov zuwa na biyu wuri (da haka da haihuwa mutum ya mutu, ba su hadu tare da dansa). Hero fi son zuwa mafarki game da duck farauta, wanda shi ne kamar wuya ya sadu da wata rana. Wannan hoton ya sosai mai haske a cikin play, shi alama ce da gazawar da babban harafin.

Shi ne mai ban mamaki da yadda daidai kõma Vampilov mace haruffa: wani karama, m Galina matar Zilov, wani tunanin, wani lokacin m Vera, Valeria da aristocratic matasa dalibi Irina da gaske yana son protagonist.

Kamar yadda a kullum, da tambaya da Tarurrukan na protagonist marubucin ya bar bude, yana fata a asirce cewa da shi zai faru.

"Last bazara Chulimsk": summary

A play gaya labarin da gundumar cibiyar a lardin. Babban hali, Valentina, cikin soyayya tare da binciken Shamanov, wanda ba sau daya ba, amma ta reciprocates. Har ila yau, ina son wannan yarinya, da kuma Paul, wanda ya zo wa mahaifansa biyu a kan vacation. The saurayi ne sosai spoiled, ya aka yi amfani ga samun abin da kuke so. Valentine a matsayin matar ya bukatar kawai a matsayin wani kyakkyawan Bugu da kari na gari Apartment, kamar yadda da cewa zai gudanar da tattalin arzikin ba tare da wani matsaloli.

Kada ka kwaɗaitar da yarinya aure ne mai kyau, shi ya shafi ta tashin hankali. Zazzagi, ta yi watsi da shawara Shamanov hannuwansu da leans zuwa yanke shawarar aure Pasha, kamar yadda ya so wannan uba. Qarshe, duk da haka, ya ƙaryata maza.

Analysis na "Last bazara Chulimsk"

Vampilov yana sanya a play wani ƙwarai da gaske tambaya: rai na matasa a lardin, mazauna hali. Lalle ne, kamar yadda zai yiwu a ci gaba da matasa idan mafi kusa gidan al'adu bukatar je 'yan kilomita, da kuma a cikin wasan kwaikwayo show ya dade kyan gani, duk da kaset. Shi ya sa da matasa tsere ko ya zama wani inveterate mashayi.

Shin sosai m lambu wanda equips Valentine: duk fãce Shamanov gudu kai tsaye a kan shi, kuma karya, da kuma yarinya biyayya recovers. Vampilov so a ce wannan shi ne abin da mutane son ba mai sãkẽwa: daya da zai rushe, yayin da wasu warke. Akwai wani subtext: zazzagi, tattake daraja na ranar soyayya. Yana da matukar m cewa lambu taimaka wajen mayar da shaman. Watakila, bayan duk, shi ne mutum wanda zai kubutar da yarinya? Kamar yadda a wasu taka Vampilov - wannan lissafinsu kawai zato.

daya-yi wasa

Mafi shahara short taka Vampilov "Labarin da mai yi" da kuma "minti ashirin da wani Angel." Su aka rubuta a farkon sosai da wallafe-wallafen aiki. Da yawa daga baya guda a hade a cikin daya bazawa "lardin magana,."

Yana da gaske sosai dace sunan, saboda, ci gaba da al'adar Pushkin, Vampilov rubuta gajejjeran labaru, game da sabon abu events cewa da gaske ya faru. Duk da haka, marubucin ya kawo wani sabon abu da wallafe-wallafen da darajar wannan kalma: kyalkyali, sabon abu ga ãƙiba.

Yana da daidaituwa ba a cikin sunan da kalmar "lardin". Kamar wancan Vampilov ja hankalin masu karatu don matsalar ne da nisa daga gari rayuwa ƙauyuka, inda a can ne na musamman hanya ta rayuwa, halaye, da kuma rai.

Wadannan daya-yi plays - wani irin springboard for mafi muhimmanci ayyukan marubucin da ya sanya mafi muhimmanci falsafa tambayoyi na dabi'a: "Duck Hunt" da kuma "Last bazara Chulimsk".

litattafan

Masu bincike kerawa Vampilov a daya murya ce cewa idan ransa aka yanka a takaice don haka farkon, Alexander V. zai zama dole wallafa wani labari, kuma watakila ma fiye. A farkon wannan sun fili bayyane.

M litattafan da aka rubuta a matsayin matasa marubuci - wata jami'a dalibi da kuma wani ma'aikaci na jaridar. Sa'an nan daga alkalami daga dukan nau'i na almara, bayanin kula, satires. Duk da haka, biyu kayayyakin ne riga a cikin balagagge lokaci na kerawa Vampilov: 1965 rubuta Skit "Wani abu ga daraja", da kuma a 1966 - "Vitimsky episode." Bugu da kari, a lokaci guda Alksandr V. ya rubuta makala game Kutulik.

Duk litattafan Vampilov hada su da labaru, da matsaloli, da za a ci gaba a ban mamaki ayyukansu. Images Shamanov, Yakubu nan bayyana Black, Valentina, Pasha, abubuwan da suka faru a "Duck Hunt" da "Farewell a watan Yuni".

Litattafan daban-daban exigencies satire-da nufin halaye haruffa. Yana za a iya kwatanta da ayyukan Zoshchenko da Olesha.

Ba kawai samu amincewa daga jama'a da kuma masu karatu na Alexander Vampilov. Rate littattafai da kuma wasanni ɓullo da hankali. Duk da haka, da cewa duk abin da ya babbar kwaikwaiyo da aka ƙarshe halshen da manyan sinimomi, da kuma da yawa kuma ya yi a cikin fim, magana game da real mutane ta soyayya da kuma gaggawa batutuwa na ayyuka.