Oxygen kasancewa a cikin yanayi. oxygen sake zagayowar a cikin yanayi

Tun zuwan mutãne sunadarai ya bayyana cewa duk abin da aka hada da wani abu wanda aka hada da sinadaran abubuwa. A iri-iri na kayan bayar da daban-daban mahadi sauki abubuwa. A halin yanzu, bude, suka shiga a cikin lokaci-lokaci tebur na Mendeleev 118 sinadaran abubuwa. Daga cikin su ya kamata mu ambaci wani yawan abu, gaban wanda aka bayyana da bayyanar kwayoyin rayuwa a duniya. Wannan jerin hada da: nitrogen, carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, sulfur, da kuma phosphorus.

Oxygen: tarihi na samu

Duk wadannan abubuwa, kazalika da yawan wasu, sun gudummawar da ci gaban da juyin halitta na rayuwa a kan wannan duniya tamu, a cikin hanyar a cikin abin da mu yanzu shaida. Daga cikin dukkan aka gyara na da oxygen shi ne a cikin yanayi fiye da sauran abubuwa. Oxygen a matsayin mai raba abu da aka bude 1 ga watan Agusta, 1774 Dzhozefom Pristli. A lokacin shiri domin iska sikelin gwaji na Mercury ta gasa ta amfani da wani al'ada ruwan tabarau, ya gano cewa, da kyandir konewa da rashin haske ta bĩ shi.

Na dogon lokaci, Priestley kokarin samun wani m bayani ga wannan. A wannan lokacin, da sunan "na biyu iska" An bã wannan sabon abu. Da ɗan baya, da kirkiro na AK Drebbel submarine a farkon XVII karni ware oxygen da kuma amfani da shi numfashi a cikin sabuwar dabara. Amma ya gwajen ba zai shafi fahimtar irin rawa da oxygen a yanayin da makamashi na rayayyun kwayoyin halitta. Duk da haka, masana kimiyya, da bude da oxygen samu Faransa sunadarai Antuan Loran Lavuaze. Yana maimaita gwaji da kuma Priestley gane cewa kafa gas ne mai raba kashi.

Oxygen reacts tare da kusan dukkan sauki da hadaddun abubuwa wanin inert gas da kuma daraja karafa.

oxygen kasancewa a cikin yanayin

Daga cikin dukan abubuwa na duniya tamu bautar da most rabo daga oxygen. Oxygen rarraba a cikin yanayi ne sosai m. Shi ne yanzu a mamaye tsari, kazalika a free. Matsayin mai mulkin, da kasancewa wani karfi oxidant, shi ne a wani mamaye jihar. Oxygen kasancewa a cikin yanayi a matsayin mai raba kashi Sakakken rubuce kawai a cikin yanayi na duniya.

Dauke a cikin nau'i na gas da kuma wakiltar da connection na biyu oxygen kwayoyin halitta. Shi ne game da 21% na jimlar girma daga cikin yanayi.

Oxygen a cikin iska, ban da ya saba da tsari, da yana da wani isotropic siffar a cikin nau'i na lemar sararin samaniya. A lemar sararin samaniya kwayoyin kunshi uku oxygen kwayoyin halitta. A blue color of sama kai tsaye alaka gaban wannan fili a cikin sama yanayi. Saboda lemar sararin samaniya, m short-kalaman radiation daga mu rãnã da ake tunawa da ba ya samun zuwa surface.

A cikin rashi na lemar sararin samaniya Layer kwayoyin rayuwa sun lalace, kama da soyayyen abinci a obin na lantarki tanda.

A hydrosphere duniya wannan kashi ne a mamaye nau'i biyu kwayoyin na hydrogen da kuma siffofin ruwa. Da rabo daga oxygen a cikin teku, tekuna, da kõguna da ruwan karkashin kasa da aka kiyasta game 86- 89%, shan la'akari da narkar da salts.

A ɓawon burodi oxygen shi ne a mamaye form, kuma shi ne ya fi kowa kashi. Its rabo ne game da 47%. oxygen kasancewa a cikin yanayi ne da ba a iyakance ba zuwa enclosures na duniya, wannan abu ne kunshe a duk kwayoyin halittu. Its rabo a cikin talakawan ya kai 67% na jimlar nauyin dukan abubuwa.

Oxygen - tushen rayuwa

Saboda babban oxidizing aiki isasshen oxygen hadawa readily tare da mafi abubuwa da kuma abubuwa kafa oxides. High hadawan abu da iskar shaka damar kashi na samar da wani sanannun aiwatar da kona. Oxygen ne ma hannu a kan aiwatar da jinkirin hadawan abu da iskar shaka.

rawar da oxygen a yanayin yadda wani karfi oxidizing wakili ne irreplaceable a cikin aiwatar da muhimmanci ayyuka na rayayyun kwayoyin halitta. Ta hanyar wannan tsarin sunadarai, hadawan abu da iskar shaka jamiái, sakewa da makamashi. Ta rayayyun kwayoyin halitta amfani ga abincinsu.

Tsire-tsire - tushen oxygen a yanayin

A can farko na samuwar da yanayi na duniya tamu oxygen ya ba a cikin mamaye jihar a cikin nau'i na carbon dioxide (carbon dioxide). A tsawon lokaci, da shuke-shuke sun iya mamaye carbon dioxide.

Wannan tsari da aka sanya yiwu godiya zuwa fitowan da photosynthesis. A tsawon lokaci, a cikin shakka daga rayuwar shuke-shuke ga miliyoyin shekaru a cikin duniya a yanayi tara babban adadin free oxygen.

A cewar masana harkokin kimiyya, a baya, da nauyi rabo ya kai 30%, da kuma rabin sau fiye da yanzu. Shuke-shuke, duka biyu a baya da kuma yanzu, muhimmanci rinjayi oxygen sake zagayowar a cikin yanayi, ta haka ne samar da wani iri-iri na Flora da fauna daga wannan duniya tamu.

oxygen darajar a cikin yanayi ne babban, kuma yana da muhimmancin gaske. namun daji na rayuwa tsarin ne a fili dangane da gaban da oxygen a yanayin. A ta rashi, rayuwa ta zama ba zai yiwu ba a cikin nau'i a cikin abin da muka sani. Daga cikin mazaunan duniya zai kasance ne kawai anaerobic (iya rayuwa ba tare da gaban oxygen) kwayoyin.

M oxygen sake zagayowar a cikin yanayi bayar da shi ne a jihohi uku na tari mu hada da sauran abubuwa. Kamar yadda karfi oxidizer, yana da matukar saukin fada daga free-nau'i hade. Kuma kawai godiya ga shuke-shuke, wanda aka cleaved ta photosynthesis carbon dioxide, shi ne samuwa a free form.

numfashi dabbobi da kwari tsari dogara ne a kan samu na bukatuwa izuwa oxygen zuwa wani hadawan abu da iskar shaka-raguwa halayen, ya bi ta hanyar samun makamashi don samar da kwayoyin. oxygen kasancewarsa a cikin yanayi, daure da kuma free, samar da wani cikakken m aiki na duk rayuwa a duniya.

Juyin Halitta da "sunadarai" na duniya

A ci gaba da rayuwa a wannan duniyar tamu dõgara a kan takamaiman abun da ke ciki na yanayin duniya, da ma'adinai abun da ke ciki da kuma ruwa a cikin ruwa a jihar. A sunadarai abun da ke ciki na ɓawon burodi, yanayi da kuma gaban ruwa ya zama tushen da asalin rayuwa a duniya da kuma m da shugabanci na ci gaba da rayayyun kwayoyin halitta.

Bisa samuwa "sunadarai" duniya juyin zo zuwa carbon kwayoyin rayuwa bisa ruwa kamar yadda sauran ƙarfi, sunadarai, kazalika da yin amfani da oxygen a matsayin oxidant, don samar da makamashi.

wani juyin halitta

A wannan mataki na kimiyyar zamani ba ƙaryatãwa game da yiwuwar rayuwa a sauran wurare fiye da nazarin sasannin yanayi, inda tushen domin gina wani kwayoyin kwayoyin za a iya bai wadãtar da silicon ko arsenic. A ruwa matsakaici matsayin sauran ƙarfi iya zama wata cakuda da ruwa ammonia da helium. Amma ga yanayi, zai iya yiwuwa a wakilta a cikin nau'i na hydrogen gas da wani rashin datti daga helium da sauran gas.

Wanne tafiyar matakai na rayuwa na iya zama a karkashin irin wannan yanayi da cewa kimiyyar zamani ne ba tukuna iya Model. Duk da haka, wannan shugabanci na ci gaba da rayuwa ne quite m. Kamar yadda aka tabbatar ta lokaci, bil'adama ne kullum fuskanci fadada daga cikin iyakoki na mu fahimtar duniya da kuma rayuwa a cikin shi.