Mene ne automatism na zuciya? cardiac automaticity

Mene ne automatism na zuciya? Amsar wannan tambaya yana kunshe ne a cikin labarin da ke ƙasa. Bugu da kari, shi ya ƙunshi bayani a kan take hakki na mutum kiwon lafiya effects dangantawa da waccan mujalla da muka ra'ayi.

Mene ne automatism na zuciya?

Muscle zaruruwa a cikin mutane suna da ikon amsa da akan rage m bugun jini, sa'an nan kuma sequentially canja wurin shi a ko'ina cikin akan rage tsoka tsarin. An tabbatar da cewa ya zama ruwan dare zuciya tsoka ne iya da kansa samar da tashin hankali da kuma sanya rhythmic contractions. Wannan ikon da aka kira automatism zuciya.

Sanadin cardiac automaticity

Gane abin da yake cikin automatism na zuciya, zai iya zama daga cikin wadannan. The zuciya yana da takamaiman ikon samar da wutar lantarki bugun jini, bi da rike shi har zuwa murdede Tsarin.

Sinoatrial kumburi - tari peysmekerskih farko irin sel (dauke game da 40% mitochondria loosely located myofibrils, babu T-tsarin qunshi wani babban yawan free alli ne talauci ɓullo da sarcoplasmic cibiyar sadarwa) located in dama bango na m vena cava, a mahaɗar tsakãninsu da dama atrium .

Dõgẽwa atrioventricular kumburi na biyu da irin da aka kafa ta Kwayoyin cewa gudanar da hasken dake fitowa daga sinoatrial kumburi, amma a karkashin yanayi na musamman na iya da kansa samar da wutar lantarki. Tsaka Kwayoyin dauke da m mitochondria (20-30%) kuma da ɗan fi girma myofibrils fiye da na farko domin cell. Atrioventricular kumburi located in interatrial septum kanta da aka canjawa wuri zuwa zumudi katako da kafafu cuta reshe block (mitochondria dauke 20-15%).

Purkinje zaruruwa ne gaba mataki canja wuri da zumudi. Sun mika kamar a tsakiyar partitions daga kowane daga cikin biyu cuta reshe block. Wadannan Kwayoyin dauke da mitochondria game da 10%, mafi fasali mafi kama da cardiac tsoka zaruruwa.

A maras wata-wata bayyanar wani lantarki bugun jini ya auku a peysmekerskih sinoatrial kumburi Kwayoyin, wanda potentiates kalaman zumudi haramta motsa 60-80 lashe minti daya. Shi ne na farko-domin direba. Sa'an nan ya tashi kalaman da aka ruwaito zuwa na biyu da kuma na uku conductive tsarin matakin. Sun iya kawo biyu da zumudi zango da kansa sa akan rage m mitoci. Da direba na biyu matakin bayan wata sinus atrioventricular kumburi, wanda zai iya haifar da nasu 40-50 minti jini a cikin rashi na hana ruwa guda ayyuka na sinus kumburi. Bugu da ari, zumudi yana daukar kwayar cutar zuwa ga tsarin da cuta daga, wanda ya mayar da 30-40 lashe minti daya, sa'an nan da wutar lantarki gudana zuwa ga dam na ƙafafunsa (25-30 cpm) da kuma Purkinje fiber tsarin (20 hatsaisai da minti) da kuma shiga cikin aiki tsoka Kwayoyin na myocardium .

Yawanci hasken dake fitowa daga sinoatrial kumburi m ikon kashe lantarki aiki tamkar Tsarin. Idan gaji da damuwa da aiki na farko domin na direba, aikinsa ranar Take-tsaye links a kasa da madugu tsarin.

Sunadarai matakai cewa samar da zuciya automaticity

Mene ne automatism na zuciya cikin sharuddan sunadarai? A matakin kwayoyin halitta, da dalilin m faru na wutar lantarki (aikin m) a kan membranes peysmekerskih Kwayoyin ne gaban da ake kira impulsatora. Aikinsa (zuciya aiki automatism) kunshi uku, saukarwa.

Akayi na impulsatora:

• 1st lokaci shiri (superoxide da hulda da oxygen da gaskiya ma cajin phospholipids a kan salula surface membrane peysmekerskoy da ta samu wani mummunan cajin, shi ya ba da hutawa m).
• 2nd lokaci potassium da sodium aiki da sufuri, a lokacin da na waje lura da cell zama daidai 30 MW.
• 3rd lokaci Jump electrochemical - yin amfani da makamashi generated a lokacin sake amfani da mai amsawa oxygen jinsi (na ionized oxygen da kuma hydrogen peroxide) ta amfani da enzymes catalase da superoxide dismutase. Sa makamashi kamfani mai suna Quanta karuwa biocapacity na'urar bugun zuciya saboda haka ya sa wani mataki m.

Tafiyar matakai bugun jini da samar da Kwayoyin - auna bugun zuciya dole faruwa a cikin yanayi isa gaban kwayoyin sunadarin oxygen, wanda aka tsĩrar cikinta erythrocytes inflowing jini.

Rage aiki ko m lõkacin fatara daga aiki na daya ko fiye, saukarwa impulsatora tsarin warware amince da aikin peysmekerskih Kwayoyin, haddasa arrhythmia. Tarewa daya daga cikin matakai na wannan tsarin sa kwatsam bugun zuciya. Farga da cewa irin wannan automatism na zuciya, iya fahimta da kuma tsari.

A tasiri na autonomic juyayi tsarin da zuciya tsoka

Bugu da kari, ga nasu ikon samar da wutar lantarki, hasken dake fitowa, aikin zuciya ne sarrafawa da sakonni daga wata tsoka innervating m da parasympathetic jijiyoyi, a kan gazawar da wanda zai iya rage cardiac automaticity.

A tasiri na m division gudãnar up da zuciya, yana mai stimulating sakamako. M innervation yana da wani m chronotropic, inotropic, dromotropic sakamako.

A karkashin rinjaye mataki na cikin parasympathetic juyayi tsarin , deceleration depolarization peysmekerskih sel (mai hanawa mataki), ya kuma inganta inda hakan na zuciya rate (korau chronotropic mataki), da watsin da rage ciki da zuciya (korau dromotropic sakamako), da rage a samar da makamashi systolic ƙanƙancewa (korau inotropic sakamako), amma inganta excitability na zuciya (m batmotroponoe mataki). A karshen ne ma dauka a matsayin take hakkin cardiac automaticity aiki.

Sanadin zuciya automatism

1. Tsokar ischemia.
2. Kumburi.
3. Buguwa.
4. Take hakkin balance sodium, potassium, magnesium, alli.
5. Hormonal tabarbarewa.
6. Take hakkin da tasirin da m m da parasympathetic endings.

Iri arrhythmias saboda keta automaticity na zuciya

1. Sinus tachy-da bradycardia.
2. Karsh (matasa adult) arrhythmia.
3. Extrasystole arrhythmia (sinus, atrial, atrioventricular, na ramin zuciya).
4. Paroxysmal tachycardia.

Rarrabe arrhythmia saboda madugu cuta automaticity da reentry ta samar da taguwar ruwa (reentry kalaman) a daya ko fiye takamaiman sassa na zuciya, sakamakon wani fibrillation ko atrial flutter.

Na ramin zuciya fibrillation - daya daga cikin mafi rai-barazanar arrhythmias, wanda shi ne wani sakamako na kwatsam bugun zuciya, da kuma mutuwa. A mafi inganci Hanyar magani - lantarki defibrillation.

ƙarshe

Saboda haka dauke, abin da yake cikin automatism na zuciya, iya fahimtar abin da take hakki ne da zai yiwu a yanayin rashin lafiya. Wannan, bi da bi, ya sa ya yiwu domin yaki da cutar mafi alhẽri kuma mafi tasiri hanyoyin.