Mene ne dam - mu fahimci tare

Bari mu magana game da abin da dam, kazalika a kan m aikace-aikace na wannan tsarin.

Menene wannan

A karkashin dam nufi wucin gadi tadawa a cikin wani nau'i na shaft, wanda ake gina daga ƙasa duwatsu. Yana yiwuwa a yi da na karin kayan. Bari mu dauki wani kusa look at manufar "Dam".

Ma'anar kalmar a cikin daban-daban kamus guda. Muna magana ne game da elevations cewa an gina a cikin Marshes, Shefela, kogin gadaje na manyan koguna tare da bakin tekun. Babban manufar wannan shiri shi ne domin su gudanar da aikin injiniya da ayyukansu, gina ruwa a kan hanya da kuma dogo webs.

Features

To, abin da yake da dam a yanzu? Na farko shi ne a m tsarin, bereguschie roadbed daga yiwu ruwa ambaliya. Ga shi yin ayyuka na sanya shi a cika, da dam kamata ya tashi sama da ruwa surface akalla daya mita. Akwai wasu bukatun da kuma zuwa da nisa daga cikin m tsiri da ake gina.

Saboda haka, domin hanyoyi da Railways shi ya yi fadi fiye da hanya, da kuma fadin dogara a kan ƙasa da juriya ga marine dams. Har ila yau, yana daukan cikin lissafi irin kayan amfani ga yi.

A ƙayyadaddu na samar da

Kamar yadda dam da ake gina? Wanda ke nufin ta steepness? Dangane da manufar, a lokacin da samar da irin wannan guardbands zabi daban-daban kwana na son. Ga hanyoyin da jiragen kasa na share fage da aka zaba wanda ba ya sha ruwa.

Yafi amfani da yashi kayan for lãka dams ba m. Earthmoving gangara iya zama guda ko sesquihydrate sabawa, lasafta daga nisa na daya mita da mita tsawo.

Don ƙara ƙarfin Tsarin 2-8 mita high gangara sa zana hotunan a cikin nau'i na kwance dandamali (berms) cewa kara juriya halitta Tsarin.

Amsa tambaya, abin da yake Dam, mun lura cewa da shi ya shafi wuri na yadudduka da yashi gona. Bayan kwanciya guda Layer ake bukata compacted duniya kawai bayan wannan aikin da aka ci gaba da haifar da matsara band.

A lokuta inda gona amfani da su backfill Dam, shi ne bai dace da shuka, gangara Turf ko ƙasa murfin tare da wani Layer na 15-20 cm kuma shuka tare da ciyayi. River levees aka dasa Willow shrubs zuwa amince surface.

Wadanda gangara, wanda an hõre gaba da matsa lamba na ruwa ko taguwar ruwa don kara karfafa dutse na high ruwa matakin. A sabuwar fasahar, gangara zuwa wajen ruwa dams yi da shi mafi m idan aka kwatanta da upland jinsunan.

Tare da wani ra'ayi zuwa karfafa gina gine-gine amfani da hadarurruka da cewa sanƙarar da layuka da kuma fences na brushwood.

Tare da gina wani dam a kan marshland, da farko, a cikin ƙasa haƙa mai zurfi tsanya, ta tamped lãka, da kuma kawai a kan tushen da ya samu cika dukan m aikin gine-gine.

ƙarshe

A search na da amsa ga tambayar, abin da yake cikin Dam, mun kasance iya gane manufar da ginin. Ba tare da irin wannan girma makada ba za a iya alaka da juna, misali, St. Petersburg da kuma Kronstadt.

Hakika, da kudin na wannan gini, da biliyoyin rubles, kazalika da babbar lokaci-cinyewa, amma sakamakon, wanda a karshen za a iya samu ta hanyar da cikakken biya duk kudi jawo wa kansu.

Kafin nazari a kan gina wani dam, wata babbar lamba na kwararru aiki a kan aikin. Gudanar da cikakken binciken da aka yi da ƙasa, bincikar yiwuwa da kuma yiwuwar samar da wani dam. kimomi a kan yawan da ake bukata tudun nan da aka gudanar, a zabi kayan for da ginin, kuma kawai bayan da cewa amince aikin ake aiwatar a zahiri.