Mene ne jigon jima'i haifuwa (Biology, Grade 8)

Mene ne jigon jima'i haifuwa, da kuma abin da suke da abũbuwan amfãni? Wannan tambaya ya dade ban sha'awa ga masana kimiyya da dama, tun da haifuwa na kwayoyin na nasu irin ne kafin domin rayuwa a duniya.

Mene ne haifuwa

Jigon wannan tsari da yake a cikin haifuwa na da nasu irin. Kuma da tambaya a nan shi ne ba game da launi da idanu ko gashi tsarin. Yana da muhimmanci cewa jiki, wanda kawai wanzu a wani musamman mazauninsu, iya tsira a cikinsa. Yana iya kawai samar da takamaiman tsarin fasali na jinsunan, gada daga kakanni. In ba haka ba shi zai duk mãyen, kamar wani mutum-amphibian daga wannan movie.

kwayoyin kiwo Hanyar

Shin, akwai wani muhimman hakkokin bambance-bambance tsakanin asexual da kuma jima'i haifuwa? Babu shakka. A cikin farko case, ba shiga gametes, a karo na biyu na kasancewarsu zama dole. Akwai hanyoyi da dama na sake yiwuwar tohowarsu. Mafi sauki daga cikinsu - shi ne rabo a cikin biyu Kwayoyin. Saboda haka asali kwayoyin cuta, guda-celled dabbobi da kuma algae. Domin Plasmodium falciparum halin da jam'i rabo a cikin abin da daya daga cikin iyaye Kwayoyin nan da nan kafa 'yan dozin rassa. Saboda da ikon na sel su raba, gyara lalace kyallen takarda da kuma gabobin, da kuma dabbobin da yawa ne iya m farfadowa. Alal misali, ruwa tare hydra, wanda shi ne wakilin irin Coelenterates, zai iya warke daga 1/200 sassa.

Wannan kwayoyin ninka ta budding. A wannan yanayin, jiki ne na farko a kafa a kan wani protrusion cewa tsiro, daukan kan fasali na masu juna biyu kwayoyin, sa'an nan tsãgewar ƙwãyar kashe da kuma fara wani m zama.

All jin dadin da abinci tare da yisti. Saboda haka, da karuwa a cikin yawan - ba kõme ba sai da wani tsari na dake tasowa fungi.

Tsire-tsire suna iya vegetative haifuwa. Wannan hanya ne don raba shi daga dukan kwayoyin kwayar part. A violets ga wannan dalili, ganye, dankalin turawa - modified karkashin kasa da harbe (tubers), Inabi - cuttings.

Mene ne jigon jima'i haifuwa

Wannan tsari faruwa ne kawai tare da hannu na gametes - musamman sel haihuwar: maza - maniyyi, da kuma mata - qwai. Sun ƙunshi a cikin nuclei kayyade bayanai kunshe ne a cikin DNA din.

Jigon da aiwatar da jima'i haifuwa ne recombination wannan abu. Kuma shi ba ko da yaushe bukatar gametes. Saboda haka, ciliates takalma zo Tasrifu. Kamar wancan biyu jiki zo kusa da juna da kuma tsakanin su ne kafa wani cytoplasmic gada, a kan abin da tsakiya musayar abinda ke ciki.

A abũbuwan amfãni daga jima'i haifuwa

Saboda da recombination kwayoyin halitta - sassan na DNA din - da jiki iya saya sabon da kuma amfani fasali. Babban muhimmancin jima'i haifuwa a cikinsa. Bayan da fission masu juna biyu Kwayoyin kafa ta daidai kwafin. Wani featured kawai babu inda ya dauki. Lokacin da muhalli da yanayi canza, irin kwayoyin ba su iya daidaita, wanda zai babu makawa kai ga halaka su kuma raguwa a nau'in bambanci a general.

New siffofin suna kafa kawai tare da wani canji a cikin kwayoyin abu. Sa'an nan za su iya zama gada da kuma kulla a da dama da al'ummomi.

Jima'i haifuwa a tsire-tsire da dabbobi

Mene ne jigon jima'i haifuwa na shuke-shuke, ba za ka iya duba misali da wani fern, wanda shi ne mafi girma da spore shuke-shuke. A kan ƙananan gefe na ta kore ganye girma musamman tsarin - Sori. Su rigima - Kwayoyin na sake yiwuwar tohowarsu. Samun a cikin m gona, suka germinate, kafa kananan kore shuka. Yana haifar da qwai da kuma maniyyi, wanda ci nau'i-nau'i, ba Yunƙurin zuwa sabon leafy shuka. Wannan saboda akwai wani canzawar jima'i tsara - da gametophyte da asexual - sporophyte.

A flowering shuke-shuke, da generative haifuwa da ake amfani da flower. A cikin balagagge mace gamete pistil, stamen da anther - maza. A sakamakon hadi kafa iri tayi. Domin nan gaba, ci gaba da kuma kariya yana da babban yawan ajiye abubuwa, m 'ya'yan itace ko leathery harsashi.

A dabbobi ma da musamman Kwayoyin da gabobin a cikin abin da suke located - gland shine yake. A wakilan wannan mulkin akwai da dama iri hadi. Lokacin da matsanancin Fusion na gametes auku a waje da mace jiki kamar kifi ko halittar dabba mai kafafuwa, a lokacin da mace kayansa mãsu qwai a cikin ruwa da kuma ta zuba namiji maniyyi. Me qwai ne don haka da yawa? Yana da wani nazarin halittu inji for adanar da lambar, na yawan balagaggun saboda unprotected Kwayoyin, kuma mafi yawansu ba su ci da yara. A cikin hali na ciki hadi gaba jiki wani lokaci ne a cikin uwa tasa ta jiki. Saboda haka, yawan qwai iya hadi, ba haka ba ne m.

Wannan shi ne jigon jima'i haifuwa, a cikin abin da akwai sabon iri na shuke-shuke da kuma jinsin dabbobi, kazalika saboda wanda shi ya zama mai yiwuwa ya haifar da matasan da cloned kwayoyin.