Mene ne kwararowar hamada? A Sanadin kwararowar hamada. Ina da kwararowar hamada ke faruwa?

Da yawa karatu sun dade nuna cewa adadin m ƙasar a wannan duniya tamu ne ragewa a kowace shekara. Kamar yadda na farko lissafin, da kimiyya, da masana a kan karni na karshe, game da kwata na ƙasar dace da aiki ne daga oda. A wannan labarin, za mu mayar da hankali a kan abin da yake da kwararowar hamada, da kuma dalilan da ta abin da ya faru da kuma tasiri a kan duniya yanayin kasa.

janar ra'ayi

A ra'ayi na "kwararowar hamada" yana da dama ma'ana. A musamman, shi ne kuma ya kira kwararowar hamada, Sahel ciwo da kuma m samuwar Hamada. A karkashin wannan sabon abu yana nufin ƙasar ƙasƙanci tsari da ya auku a sassa daban-daban na duniya. Babban Sanadin kwararowar hamada, wanda ake kasaftawa da masana kimiyya - shi ne mutum aiki da kuma sauyin yanayi na duniya. A sakamakon haka, a wasu yankunan duniya akwai wuraren kula da muhalli da yanayi masu kama da hamada. A shekara saboda wannan matsala a duniya rasa game da miliyan goma sha biyu kadada na m ƙasar. Haka kuma, masana kimiyya daga ko'ina cikin duniya suna shaida akai ci gaban wannan Trend.

fitarwa matsaloli

A karo na farko da dan Adam bai fahimci muhimmancin da matsala, ya fara magana game da abin da shi ne da kwararowar hamada, a cikin farkon seventies na karshe karni. A sabili da aka mai tsanani fari a Afirka halitta sashi na yankin Sahel, wanda ya haddasa a game da mummunan yunwa a yankin. A sakamakon haka, a shekarar 1977 a birnin Nairobi (babban birnin na Kenya) a karkashin laimar MDD taro da aka gudanar, babban jigo na wanda ya gane babban haddasawa da kuma matakan magance ƙasar ƙasƙanci.

The main iri adam baki

Kamar yadda muka gani a sama, akwai biyu main Sanadin kwararowar hamada - halitta dalilai da ayyukan mutane. Duk da yake na farko daga cikinsu, bil'adama ba zai iya shafar a kowace hanya, sa'an nan halin da ake ciki za a iya inganta sun fi mayar saboda da biyu. Mafi na kowa ayyukan da kai ga m samuwar Hamada, shi ne dabbõbin, da ya wuce kima da kuma m amfani da arable ƙasar, kuma m deforestation a cikin m yankuna na duniya.

Dabbobin gida

A Majalisar Dinkin Duniya taro, masana kimiyya da aka ambata a sama zo zuwa gagarimin ƙarasawa da cewa, cin ciyayi da dabbobinsa ne ya fi kowa irin mutum baki a cikin yanayi, abu don kwararowar hamada. A wannan yanayin, ya nuna gaskiyar cewa a yanzu, kazalika da fiye da shekara talatin da suka wuce, dabbobi grazed dabbobi da naúrar na ƙasar a cikin m yankunan shi ne muhimmanci overpriced. Wannan take kaiwa zuwa gaskiya cewa ciyayi thins fitar da kullum, da kuma ƙasa ke kwance. Wannan results a yashewa na kasar gona, da tabarbarewar shuka girma yanayi da kuma kwararowar hamada.

M amfani da arable ƙasar

Wannan factor ne na biyu a cikin size da kuma malignancy. More musamman, shi ne don rage lokaci na hutu ƙasar, kazalika da plowing ƙasar, located a kan gangara, wadda take kaiwa zuwa ƙãra yashewa da kuma rage ciyayi murfin. A halin da ake ciki an aggravated saboda uncontrolled amfani da magungunan kashe qwari, wanda aka samar saboda gona taki. Bayan aiki a kan su nauyi noma kayan bayar da taimakon da kasar gona, sakamakon mutuwar zama da amfani jinsunan halittu masu rai (misali, earthworm).

Deforestation

Wani fannin na mutum aiki da take kaiwa zuwa ga Sahel ciwo, ya fara taro deforestation. Mafi na kowa wuraren da kwararowar hamada ne saboda wannan dalilin, sun zama densely populated Afirka yankin, wanda a cikin lokaci da itace ne mai muhimmanci makamashi Madogararsa. Su suna dauke daya daga cikin mafi m yankuna na duniya tamu. Gaskiyar cewa bukatar da mazauna yankin a cikin itace na dumama da kuma yi, kazalika da lalata gandun daji don kara yawan arable ƙasar, ya jagoranci zuwa fitowan nan na wannan duniya matsala.

halitta factor

Bugu da kari ga mutum aiki, akwai halitta haddasawa da kwararowar Hamada. Ƙarƙashin rinjayar iska yashwa, rage ƙasa, gwargwado, kuma connectivity, kazalika saboda da yankin Flushing ruwa, shi ne kawai ci gaba. Bugu da kari, m hamada samuwar ne ya rinjayi na halitta hawa da sauka a cikin ruwan sama, kamar yadda dogon su rashi kaiwa ba kawai don ci gaba, amma kuma a farkon wannan m tsari.

Tasiri a kan kasar

Magana ne game da abin da shi ne da kwararowar hamada, ba a ma maganar ta mummunan tasiri a kan tattalin arziki na kasashen da dama. Wasu lokaci da suka wuce, wakilan Bankin Duniya nazarin da aka gudanar da daya daga cikin kasashen dake cikin yankin ƙasar da na halitta Sahel zone. Su sakamakon ya nuna cewa karu a adadin albarkatun da ya kai ga rage ta GDP ta ashirin cikin dari. A cewar wata majiya, jimlar shekara-shekara adadin kudi, wanda sama kasa jiha, wahala daga matsalar da oda na 42 dalar Amurka biliyan. Wani tareda žata sakamako na kwararowar hamada ya kasance da akai zargin na kasa da kasa rikice-rikice saboda take hakkin jama'a na kasashe makwabta kan iyakoki a search na ruwa da kuma abinci.

tasiri mutane

kwararowar hamada yankunan da wani gagarumin raguwa a aikin noma, kazalika da jerin matalauta amfanin gona. Su yanayin kasa a kowace shekara ya fi muni shi ne iya gamsar asali mutum bukatun. Bugu da kari, domin yankuna da cewa sun bayyana a yankin na da tasiri, na zama mai halayyar karuwa a yawan sandstorms, da sakamakon wanda shi ne ci gaban da na gida mazauna ido cututtuka, nasaba da numfashi cututtuka.

Duk da wannan, bi da bi, ba zai iya bayyana detrimental zuwa mutanen da suke rayuwa ba kawai a cikin wadannan yankunan amma kuma a waje su. Gaskiyar ita ce, da Sahel ciwo take kaiwa zuwa wani deterioration a cikin ingancin ruwan sha, siltation na data kasance kududdufai, kazalika da tabbatarwa daga sediments a tabkuna da koguna. Bugu da kari, da masana'antu shan wahala daga kamar samar da abinci. Kan bango na da girma da yawan da al'ummar duniya shi zai iya kai ga yunwa ko tamowa.

hanyoyin da za a magance

Magana ne game da abin da shi ne da kwararowar hamada, ya kamata a lura da cewa za a magance wannan matsala ne sosai matsala. Don yadda ya kamata magance fitowan na Sahel Syndrome bukatar daukar wani kewayon matakan, wanda ya hada da a kanta da tattalin arziki, da aikin gona, yanayin, siyasa da kuma zamantakewa al'amurran.

Daya daga cikin alamar rahama da kuma tattauna hanyoyin da za a shawo kan wannan matsala da aka dauke su a dasa itatuwa a kan arable ƙasar. Wannan rage cin gaban iska yashwa da kuma rage danshin da ƙasa danshi. Bugu da kari, akwai na gida matakan inganta halin da ake ciki. Quite tasiri ne dauke da gina ganuwar laka, ko ta dutse a kusa da filayen da fodder shuke-shuke. A wannan yanayin, da tsawo na 30-40 cm zai zama isa domin jinkirta da hazo. Mafi muhimmanci, da gida yawan yana da akalla wani tushen fahimtar yadda za a kula da wadannan peculiar dams.

m matsaloli

Rungumar, ya kamata mu mayar da hankali ne a kan gaskiyar cewa batutuwa irin yadda kwararowar hamada, da matakan magance shi da kuma yadda za a hana shi da jimawa ba ake ƙara zama babban ajanda na daban-daban taro shirya da Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Wannan ba abin mamaki bane, saboda rage daraja da ƙasa yake da damar shafi kusan biliyan mutane a duniya, da kuma na uku na dukan data kasance m ƙasar. Wannan Gaskiya ne, a Afirka, Australia, Kudancin Asia, kazalika da wasu yankuna na kudancin Turai.