Mene ne orthoepy? Mene ne dokoki da kuma dokokin?

Lokacin da wani mutum da yake zaune tare da wani alkalami a kan wani tebur ko zuwa kwamfuta tare da niyya don rubuta wani abu, ya yayi tunani game da yadda za a rubuta wannan ko da harafi, sanya alamar rubutu. A baka magana, mu ma yawanci yawa ƙasa damu game da daidai pronunciation, kuma domin kyawawan dalilai. Kimiyya da hulda tare da normative haruffan wasu kalmomi, da ake kira kuskure (daga Greek - "kuskure"), da kuma a irin wannan horo na jawabin - Orthoepy (a translation - "magana dama"). Don gane da abin da orthoepy bukatar da wani tunani na ta asali dokokin da ka'idodinta. Zama gwani orthoepy muhimmanci, musamman a cikin kasuwanci kansu, kafofin watsa labarai, kazalika da ƙirƙirar alama na wani mutum mai hankali zai.

yaruka

Yaruka kira saɓani a cikin tsarin na daya harshe. Domin wadannan su ne ba musamman duniya bambance-bambance a imin sautin harshe, ƙamus, ginin kalma, nahawu, da kuma sauran fannoni na harshe, da kuma masu zaman kansu. Hakika, cewa ba kullum wanzu da kuma ci gaba daya kawai version na harshe. Yaruka bayyana saboda mutanen da suke rayuwa a yankuna daban-daban, amma magana da harshe guda, su ne batun daban-daban da ilimin harsuna ya tsoma daga makwabta, baƙi, da dai sauransu Mene ne orthoepy da yaruka, yana da sauki mu fahimci da misalai: tuna tausasa "g" ne sau da yawa furta a cikin Kuban - da tasiri na Ukrainian, ko "harafi ta hanyar wasika" pronunciation na St. Petersburg - wani sakamako na da yawa ilimi mutane.

Literary Rasha harshen

A Rasha, kamar yadda sauran wurare, akwai wata babbar lambar kuma iri-iri na yaruka. Suna ko kasu jinsunan da subspecies! Cikin shahararrun - yana da tabbas da Vologda da Kuban. Literary magana an dauke su pronunciation, kowa a St. Petersburg da kuma Moscow.

Ainihin dokoki na Rasha harshen orthoepy

a) mai ban mamaki. Baƙaƙe a Rasha harshen ne wani lokacin m (watau gaba daya kurãme) kafin a zahiri m, kuma a karshen kalma. Misalai: The naman gwari a cikin kalmar sunan "n", yayin da ya rubuta "b" (karshen kalma).

b) kafin sonants, da kira da kuma vowels, kazalika a farkon kalma sauti wani lokacin ozvonchayutsya ( "c" a cikin kalma, don Allah).

Pronunciation na vowels dauke dabam, tun da shi ne ya fi daban-daban a cikin daban-daban yarukan:

a) Akan - shi ne canji na "o" in "da kuma" a cikin unstressed matsayi. A gaban sabon abu - Ocaña - kowa a Vologda da sauran arewacin yaruka (misali, mu ce "effeminate" maimakon "madara");

b) Icahn - "e" yana tuba zuwa "da kuma" a unstressed matsayin (muna magana ne vIlikan, ba giant).

c) saukarwa - wato, akan rage vowels a za- ko doudarnyh matsayi, cewa shi ne sauri kuma mafi crumpled su pronunciation. A bambanci a fili kamar yadda ya stun ko Icahn, ba a nan. Za mu iya kawai kalla nasu da cewa wasu wasula da muke magana fiye da sauran (marmalade: na karshe "a" a lokacin da ya saurara, ya furta yawa fiye da na farko).

Mene ne orthoepy ga harsuna daban daban?

A Rasha harshen shi ne na kowa morphological kuskure - cewa shi ne uniformity a ko'ina cikin morpheme derivation tsari (togiya - da sãɓãwar a cikin tushen da kuma rubuce-rubuce ta "s" bayan da Consoles a wani baƙi). A Belarus guda, misali, wata karin lafazi tsarin: da yadda za a ce - da kuma rubuta. Saboda haka, domin Belarushiyanci makaranta don gane da abin da orthoepy, da sauƙin da yafi muhimmanci. Ko, misali, a cikin wasu harsuna (Finnish, Turkish), kalmomin su ne sosai, sosai dogon - lafazi da yawa daban-daban vowels a kalma daya, ba shi yiwuwa. Saboda haka, duk vowels aka shirya a karkashin daya - tura. A tsawon lokaci, wannan manufa wuce a cikin rubuce-rubuce.

dama magana

Don koyi da su ko da yaushe amfani da wallafe-wallafen harshen norms ne ko da wuya fiye da rubuta daidai ba, amma, duk da haka, wannan ikon - daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci ga wani mutum mai hankali zai.