Mene ne wani Icon? Lexical ma'anar

Godiya ga nasarori da ci gaba, akwai mutane da yawa daban-daban hanyoyin da za a yi tafiya a cikin zamani duniya. Duk da haka, kawai fiye da karni da suka wuce, a doelektricheskuyu zamanin, mutane ba su da irin wannan fadi da zabi na motocin. A daya hannun, yayin da akwai wasu daban na sufuri, wanda wuya su yi tunanin wani zamani mutumin a titi, kamar yadda suka bace. Alal misali, kalmar nan "tram" a yau shi ne wanda ba a sani ga mafi raznezhennyh birane mazauna. Amma a cikin XIX karni. irin wannan kai ya Popular. Mene ne ta fasali da kuma dalilin da ya sa shi ne m? Bari mu fahimta, da kuma gano idan wasu fassarori da wannan suna.

Ukrainian kogin Conca

Idan akai la'akari da lexical ma'anar kalmar "tram", ya kamata tuna cewa sunan kuma yana nufin dama Concepts. Oddly isa, amma su ne kusan kome ba related.

Da fari dai, manufar "Icon" - sunan da kogin a cikin Zaporozhye yankin (Ukraine). A cikin Ukrainian harshe, wannan jiki na ruwa da aka kira "Kіnska" ( "doki").

Kafa hydronym daga suna "doki". Gaskiyar cewa a cikin XVIII karni. Wannan kogin shi ne kan iyakar da Rasha Empire da Crimean Khanate. The mazaunan Crimea kira kandami "Equine Ruwa" ( "Konka Ilkysu") saboda manyan yawan daji dawakai cikin ɓata a kan bankunan na kogin.

Conca a Faransa

A la'akari da abin da Conca, ba a ma maganar Faransa ƙungiya kira Conca (Conca). An ayi a Corsica.

Wannan ƙungiya da aka kafa a farkon na XIX karni. da kuma wannan rana shi ne daya daga cikin fi so hutu destinations domin yawon bude ido daga ko'ina a duniya, a lokacin bazara.

A bambanci, babu Ukrainian Conkey, Faransa da kõme ba yi da dawakai, su da sunayen su kawai a tune da juna - abin da ake kira interlingual homonymy.

Dario Conca

A darajar wannan kalma kamar yadda hydronym sunan wuri, kuma an riga an tattauna a sama. Yanzu daraja a kula da sanannun mutum sanye da irin wannan sunan. Muna magana ne game da wani fi so daga mutane da yawa magoya na kwallon kafa Argentine dan wasan tsakiya - Dario Leonardo Conca.

Duk da kananan tsawo (168 cm) da kuma m, kamar wani dan wasa, shekaru (haife shi a shekarar 1983), wannan mutum shi ne yanzu daya daga cikin mafi kyau da kuma mafi sosai biya 'yan wasan kwallon a duniya.

Duk da yake Dario aka haife shi a Argentina, mafi daga cikin aiki, da ya buga wa kasar Sin kwallon kafa kulob din "Shanghai Sipg F.c.". Duk da haka, a watan Disamba 2017, iya duka canji, kuma zai ci gaba da aiki a cikin "Flamengo" kulob din, wanda yanzu ke taka. Idan ba ka shirya su ja da baya ko zama kocin.

The best-a san ma'anar kalmar "tram"

Bugu da kari ya dace sunayen, da kalmar "Icon" shi ne sunan da yanzu aka rabu amfani da irin birane kai, kira a matsayin doki tram.

A gaskiya, da doki-Railway gari hanya da tafi Icon a cikin XIX karni., Was magabacin na zamani lantarki tram.

Features na da irin wannan kai

Da ciwon aikatã game da gaskiyar cewa tram da daraja a kusa look at cikin siffofin da wannan yanayin na sufuri.

A gaskiya ma, ya kasance wani irin tsakiya tsakanin doki-kõma karusa da tram.

Icon na ƙungiya kiyaye bayyanar da mota, kazalika da al'adar yin amfani da dawakai a matsayin tuki da karfi. Duk da haka, a bambanci ga kuraye da kekunan shanun, doki tram tafi ba a ko'ina, amma kawai inda reluwe da aka aza. Wannan yarda mana mu muhimmanci mafi alheri, kuma sauri don matsawa da karusa ɗora Kwatancen da taimakon kawai kamar wata dawakai. A lokaci guda a kan mafi wuya sassa na hanyar a Conca har yanzu yana zuwa kayan doki mafi dawakai.

Af, saboda sabon abu bayyanar da yanayin harkokin sufuri, da yawa kira wannan nau'i na sufuri trams a kan hatsi, linzami ko doki-kõma tram.

Fitowan a Rasha Empire

Bayan dauke da tambaya ga abin da yake cikin tram, yana da lokaci zuwa kula da tarihin wannan sabon abu yanayin sufuri.

Da farko doki tram bayyana a cikin Amurka a 1828. Fiye da na gaba shekara ashirin, Icon ya yi nasara da dukan Turai. A wannan lokaci, kusan duk m birane na duniya suka fara yin amfani da wannan nau'i na sufuri. Mai Conoco aka a Amurka da kuma Jamus. Kalla dukkan - a Switzerland.

A cikin Rasha Empire, da farko doki-kõma Railway birane hanya da aka gina a 1854, ba shakka, a cikin babban birnin kasar. Duk da haka, a lokacin da shi da aka yi amfani da ga harkokin sufuri na kaya, maimakon fasinjoji. Shi ne kawai bayan shekaru shida a St. Petersburg da gaske aikata da tram a matsayin irin fasinja birane kai. Daga wannan lokacin da shahararsa ya ci gaba da girma.

Kan gaba da shekara talatin, jimlar tsawon na doki-kõma Railways a Rasha Empire girma ya ɗari shida kilomita. Saboda haka, Rasha da aka ranked uku a kan dogo tsawon for Conoco a duniya.

By farkon XX karni. kusan duk manyan birane na Rasha Empire An riga an rayayye amfani da doki-kõma trams.

Sunset doki baƙin ƙarfe birane hanyoyi

Saba wa babbar shahararsa na farkon na XX karni. lantarki tram ya zama sannu-sannu, amma inexorably kau da competi (definition na kalmar da aka bai sama). Duk da ƙananan kudin da sabon yanayin da kai, da yawa na masu doki-kõma Railways rayayye yi yaƙi da wannan lantarki abin mamaki. Fahimtar cewa ga makomar da tram, kuma suka ba ya so ya dauki kasada, tsoro ya rasa kashe kudi a Conca. A sakamakon haka, a birane da yawa na tram reluwe da aka aza kawai kusa da tram hanyoyi.

Fuskanci tare da wannan halin da ake ciki, da yawa masu zuba jari da suke so su yi amfani da wani lantarki bidi'a, ya yanke shawarar in je da sauran hanyar da. Suna kawai suka fara sayen wannan doki-baƙin ƙarfe reluwe da kuma daidaita su zuwa ga tram waƙoƙi.

Irin wannan manufofin bukatar kasa kudi zuba jari, kuma ya yi sosai m ga ma'aikata. Gaskiyar cewa redeveloped kayan aiki ga tram zuwa tram, mai shi bai wuta ma'aikata da kuma sake horad da su. Saboda haka, da suka ba kawai suka rasa aikinsu, amma a wasu lokuta, sami albashi Yunƙurin.

A cikin Rasha Empire na farko birane, maye gurbin competi tram, karfe Königsberg da Moscow. Saboda haka, a nan gaba babban birnin kasar na Tarayyar Soviet tun 1912, a doki tram aka taba amfani da su.

An fara daga biyu da rabi na 1917 kusan dukan yankin ƙasar da tsohon daular tram aka rufe. A karshe birni da cewa ba amfani da wannan irin kai, ya zama Minsk. Wannan ya faru a shekara 1928, a lokacin da ya kasance wani ɓangare na Tarayyar Soviet.

Inda ya karshe doki tram a duniya

Bayan aikata da tambaya: "Abin da yake a tram?" - kazalika da la'akari da duk da ma'anar kalmar, yana da lokaci don gano ko su ci gaba da wannan nau'i na kai akalla wani wuri a duniya a yau.

A karshe doki tram wanzu a Burtaniya birnin Douglas aka located a kan tsibiri na Man. Fara daga 1876, kuma har 1927 shi yau da kullum, har da karshen mako da holidays, koro mazauna da kuma baƙi ba su daidaita.

A hankali, duk da haka, samun riba daga irin wannan kai ya fara fada, don haka tun 1927 Duglasskaya Icon yi aiki ne kawai a lokacin bazara holidays - daga Mayu zuwa Satumba.

A lokacin yakin duniya na biyu, duk da dawakai da aka kwace daga gwamnatin for soja dalilai. Saboda wannan dalili, har zuwa shekarar 1946 doki-baƙin ƙarfe birane hanya bai yi aiki ba.

A postwar lokaci Icon Duglasskaya har yanzu yi aiki domin kusan shekara saba'in.

Duk da haka, a cikin 'yan shekarun nan shi ya daina biya kashe, kawo garin tare da daskararrun riba hasarori. Domin wani lokaci, jagorancin Douglas kiyaye shi a matsayin hanyar jawo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa zuwa birnin. Amma a farkon shekarar 2016 aka yanke shawarar rufe wannan nau'i na kai ga duka. Saboda haka, tare da rufe Duglasskoy tram a duniya daina wanzuwa har abada doki tram, zama da yawa na tarihi.