Microscope na'urar

Madubin - shi ne mai ba makawa kayan aiki da masu bincike da kuma likita ma'aikatan. A amfani da irin wannan na'urar a yarda da masana kimiyya yi yawa muhimmanci binciken. Saboda haka yana da ban sha'awa mu san cewa na'urar ne wani hange, ga abin da manufar da shi da ake amfani, da kuma abin da su ne irin wannan kayan aiki.

A takaice dai tarihi na kimiyya

A gaskiya ma, don gano abin da masana kimiyya na farko ƙirƙira da microscope yau ne wahala, saboda a 'yan shekara ɗari da suka wuce, safiyo da kuma records ba ma m. Hakika, da farko ruwan tabarau da kuma sauran kayan aiki da karuwa fara amfani da wani dogon lokaci. Amma da ranar da ya faru na farko fili microscope ne lokacin daga 1590 zuwa 1610. Sai a wannan lokaci ya fara samun bayanai daga daban-daban malaman kafa naúrar for gani kara kananan abubuwa.

Wasu shaida da shawara cewa, da farko microscope da aka kafa a 1590 by Hans da Zakariya Janssen. A daya hannun hukuma magnification aka gabatar Galileo Halley. Wasu masana tarihi yi imani da cewa karuwa a tsarin farko da ya fara amfani da Antonie Leeuwenhoek baho. Za ka iya ganin cewa tarihi data ne sabanin.

Hakika, a cikin 1600s irin wannan na'urorin ya kasance kamar kadan zamani. Madubin na'ura da aka isasshe sauki tsarin zarcewa na biyu ruwan tabarau, wanda aka kawai sarrafa a hasken rana. Daga baya shi da aka kirkiro don amfani na musamman madubai su mayar da hankali ga haske masaƙa.

Don kwanan wata, akwai da dama iri na irin wannan na'urorin.

haske microscope

Wannan na'urar ne mai yiwuwa da aka sani ga kowa da kowa daga makarantar kwana. da microscope na'urar ne ba ma wuya. The na'urar kunshi sassa biyu. The inji bangaren ne aka yi nufi ga kam na Tantancewar tsarin da kuma sauƙi na amfani. Inji sassa suna dauke taži, tube, misali mataki, Macro, kuma mikrovintiki.

A Tantancewar ɓangare na microscope kunshi eyepieces da kuma manufofin. Bugu da kari, akwai kuma wani takamaiman lighting tsarin, wanda yake da alhakin tattara haske, da maida hankali ga haske katako da kuma canja wurin shi da hakkin wuri. A lighting tsarin kunshi wani condenser madubi gidan wuta. Wasu microscopes da gina-in low-ƙarfin lantarki fitilu.

polarizing microscope

Wannan irin Tantancewar na'urar amma tare da wasu bambance-bambance. Wannan na'urar da aka tsara don nazarin da ake kira anisotropic abubuwa, ciki har da ma'adanai, nazarin halittu kayayyakin da polymers. Af, wadannan guda kayan za a iya karatu a karkashin talakawa microscope, sanye take da kawai 'yan ta polarizing tacewa.

binocular microscope

Ba kamar da sama Tantancewar na'urar, wannan microscope yana da guda ɗaya kawai ruwan tabarau amma biyu eyepieces. Yana muhimmanci ƙara da abubuwa a karkashin shawara. Hakika, tare da irin wannan na'urar ba zai iya ganin Kwayoyin. Binocular aka tsara don nazarin kananan sassa na shuka, dabba gabobin, ma'adanai, da dai sauransu Bayan wani Tantancewar microscope saboda da manyan karuwa ba ya samar da damar da za ka yi la'akari da abubuwa da wannan size.

na'urar hange

Wannan sabuwar dabara ne da nisa da babbar nasara a kimiyya, a gaskiya ya yale mu mu yi la'akari da abubuwa, kara da dama dubu sau. Hakika, madubin na'urar ne yafi wuya. Kamar yadda amfani a cikin wancan da lighting tsarin ba da wani haske katako, da kuma yin saiti da electron masaƙa. Irin wannan na'ura sa ya yiwu don la'akari har ma da karami cikakken bayani a subcellular matakin. Tare da taimakonsa, mun an yi karatu wasu gabbansa na sel na masu rai, kazalika da tattauna tsarin da kwayar barbashi.

A cikin wani hali, da sabuwar dabara na microscope ya yarda mutane su yi wata babbar mataki a cikin ci gaban kimiyya.