Misalan real-lokaci Tsarukan aiki. Misalai na cibiyar sadarwa Tsarukan aiki

A tsarin aiki real lokaci (RTOS) - wannan OS, wanda ya tabbatar da wani damar for qaddara lokaci tazara. Alal misali, ya iya tsara don haka kamar yadda ya nuna cewa wani abu ya zama samuwa ga robot a kan taron jama'ar line. Irin wannan coatings an classified a matsayin "m" da kuma "taushi."

real-lokaci Hard Tsarukan aiki da zaton cewa lissafi ba za a iya kashe, idan abu ba samuwa a sanya lokaci (wannan aiki zai kare a faduwa).

A taushi tsarin aiki a real-lokaci taro line karkashin wadannan yanayi zai ci gaba da aiki, amma fitarwa iya zama m saboda wuraren ba su iya da za a sanya samuwa a saboda lokaci, tare da sakamakon cewa robot so dan lokaci unproductive.

Kafin gabatar da misalai na real-lokaci Tsarukan aiki, kana bukatar ka fahimci peculiarities na amfani. Wasu daga cikin wadannan OS aka halitta ga takamaiman aikace-aikace, yayin da wasu - don ƙarin general. Haka kuma, wasu janar-manufa casing ne ma wani lokacin amfani da aiki a real lokaci. Kamar yadda misalai na irin wannan aiki tsarin iya yi sanannun Windows 2000 ko IBM Microsoft / 390. Wancan ne, ko da idan tsarin aiki ba ya hadu da wasu bukatun, ƙila ya kasance yana da halaye da cewa ƙyale mu mu yi la'akari da shi a matsayin wani bayani ga wani takamaiman aikace-aikace matsaloli a real lokaci.

Misalai na Tsarukan aiki da su faye hali

A general, da tsarin aiki na real lokaci yana da wadannan halaye:

• Multitasking.
• Tsari gudana cewa za a iya prioritized.
• A isasshen yawan soke matakan.

Real-lokaci Tsarukan aiki da ake sau da yawa amfani a kananan saka konkoma karãtunsa fãtun, wanda ake amfani da microdevices format. Alal misali, wasu daga cikin tsakiya za a iya gani a matsayin single-tasking tsarin aiki (misalai: kwaya a matsayin wani ɓangare na IOS, Android, da dai sauransu ...) A cikin real lokaci. Duk da haka, domin su aiwatar da ayyuka bukatar sauran gyara na na'urar, misali, direbobi. Shi ya sa cikakken fledged tsarin aiki ne real-lokaci, a matsayin mai mulkin, shi ne fiye da kawai da kwaya.

A misali ne da aikace-aikacen RTOS HDTV-mai karɓar kuma a nuni. Ya kamata karanta sigina na dijital, karanta shi da kuma nuni a cikin nau'i na shigowa data. Da wani bata lokaci zai zama m matsayin pixel video da kuma / ko sauti aka gurbata.

Duk da haka, a lokacin da sauti faranta "ba misalai na Tsarukan aiki da irin wannan," yana nufin ambaci cikin shahararrun sunayen. Abin da wani ɓangare na wannan kungiya?

VxWorks daga kamfanoni WindRiver

VxWorks ne mai real-lokaci tsarin aiki ɓullo da matsayin mallakar tajirai software da taimakon WindRiver. Lokacin da farko saki a 1987, VxWorks aka asali tsara don amfani a saka tsarin da bukatar real-lokaci da kuma deterministic yi. Saboda haka, misalai na irin wannan Tsarukan aiki da ake amfani da kariya yankunan, daban-daban da masana'antu (musamman da Aerospace da tsaro), da yi na na'urorin kiwon lafiya, masana'antu kayan aiki, yaro-, makamashi, sufuri da management, cibiyar sadarwa kayayyakin more rayuwa, inganta mota da kuma mabukaci Electronics.

VxWorks goyon bayan Intel (x86, ciki har da wani sabon version of IntelQuarkSoC da x86-64), MIPS, PowerPC, SH-4, da kuma hannu-gine. Ya zo tare da wani iko RTOS kwaya, middleware, goyon baya ga fee-tushen add-on kunshe-kunshe da hardware fasahar daga wasu masana'antun. A ta latest batun - da VxWorks 7 - da tsarin da aka kyautata da modularity da inganci saboda haka cewa OS kwaya dauke dabam daga middleware, aikace-aikace, da kuma sauran kunshe-kunshe.

QNX Neutrino

Har ila yau classic misalai na irin wannan aiki tsarin - wasu Unix-kamar harsashi. Irin wannan ne QNX Neutrino, asali ci gaba a cikin farkon shekarun 1980s, Kanad kamfanin jimla Software Systems. Daga qarshe, da ci gaban BlackBerry da aka samu a 2010. QNX ne daya daga cikin na farko kudi nasara microkernel Tsarukan aiki, wanda aka yi amfani da daban-daban na'urorin, ciki har da mota da kuma wayoyin hannu.

FreeRTOS

FreeRTOS ne mai rare nukiliya OS real-lokaci saka na'urorin, wanda aka yi wa lodi 35 microcontrollers. Yana kara karkashin GPL lasisi tare da ƙarin ƙuntatawa kuma tilas ware. Ƙuntatawa ta haramta benchmarking, yayin da izinin damar masu amfani don amfani da nasu code da rufaffiyar tushen, yayin da rike da zuciyar kanta. Yana haka facilitates amfani FreeRTOS a naka aikace-aikace.

Windows AZ

Windows saka Karamin - ne tsarin aiki na subfamily ɓullo da "Microsoft" kamfani a cikin Windows saka iyali na kayayyakin. Ba kamar Windows saka Standard, wanda dogara ne a kan Windows NT, wadannan misalai na Tsarukan aiki da amfani da m matasan kwaya. "Microsoft" kamfanin samar Windows AZ lasisi ga asali kayan aiki masana'antun wanda zai iya gyara da kuma kirkiro nasu mai amfani musaya, samar da fasaha dalilin wannan.