Modern ka'idojin bude gine kwakwalwa da kuma hanyoyin da su aiwatar da

A cikin tsakiyar 70s na karshe karni fara "miniaturization" na kwakwalwa - aka ɓullo da kuma rarraba inji mai kwakwalwa. Suna maye gurbin ƙato kwakwalwa da kuma mafi muhimmanci - zama samuwa don amfani a cikin gida. Babban engine na wannan tsari ne da Amurka m IBM, wanda ya ba kawai a duniya jagora a cikin kwamfuta kasuwar, amma kuma da Mafarin da latest aukuwa a cikin wannan filin.

Don kula da ta manyan matsayi a kasuwa, kamfanin gudanar da wani yawan matakai, amma sannu a hankali ya zama a sarari cewa daya kawai marketing dabaru ba aiki, ake bukata a fundamentally sabon fasaha bayani. Wannan da wannan shawarar, kuma ya kasance da ci gaban sarrafa kwamfuta na'urorin da aiwatar da ka'idojin bude gine. A IBM, musamman sashen da aka halitta, wanda ya tantance duk aukuwa a wannan yankin, don kimanta su da kuma bayar da irin wannan na'urar model, wanda zai sun rungumi dukkan m ideas. Da gaske, wannan nufi da cewa manufa na bude PC gine da aka dage farawa daga matsayin wani ra'ayin a mataki na Shirin zanen nan gaba na kwamfuta.

IBM masanan kimiyya da injiniyoyi aiki a sashen fasaha da yanayi na 'yanci, wanda ya nuna cewa su ana amfani da su warware matsalar da mafi kyau misalai na gyara daga daban-daban masu aiki. Alal misali, processor da aka zaba daga na Intel - mafi kyau a wannan lokaci Intel-8088, wanda bayar aiki tare da "funny" zuwa ranar, a ajiya iya aiki na 1 megabyte. A software da aka kamata su samu a cikin wani kadan-san kadan daga Microsoft.

A lokacin rani na 1981 da aka haife ni da wannan symbiosis - kwamfuta halitta daga sassa daban-daban na kamfanoni, da kuma wanda gaske embodies da ka'idodinta ta yi wannan bude gine. Sun zama wajibi ga dukan kara hanyoyi na ci gaba da kwamfuta fasaha. Wannan matsayi da aka tabbatar da ko da terminology: ya bayyana a lokacin da Kalmar "jituwa tare da IBM PC» na nufin cewa wannan na'urar, ko idan tattara a wani m, shi ne a na'urar m zuwa IBM matsayin da embodies da manufa na bude PC gine.

The kalmar "bude" a cikin tsarin na wannan falsafa da kuma fasahar nufin cewa kwamfuta da aka asali rajista da yiwuwar sabuntawa da kuma ko da canji kama da yara zanen, inda dukkan sassa su ne m kuma wanda zai iya tara da dama gyara na'urorin. Shi ne ma mai muhimmanci da cewa irin wannan canji da aka gani ba, kamar yadda wasu irin wani fatauci asiri, amma a maimakon haka, sun saba wa masu amfani da kuma raba inganci (sauyawa daga wasu sassa a kan sauran), to rayayye karfafa kamfanonin zuwa tsirar aka gyara domin aikace-aikace a kwakwalwa.

Ga misalin da yara zanen, a general, kuma ya kasance da akai a kan wadda ta samar da kuma ci gaba da ka'idodin bude gine. Abin mamaki, da samu da kuma ƙaddamar da tartsatsi amfani da wadannan ka'idojin ya taka a cikin tarihin na IBM ba kyau sosai rawa. Kamfanin kanta shi batacce ne, amma ba su ma samu kawai, babu son cikin sharuddan kasuwar gabatarwa na ƙarya. Haka kuma, da yawa hukumomi, da yin amfani da ka'idojin bude gine-gine, da yawa fiye da gagarumin ci gaba a cikin ci gaba da kuma gabatarwa da kwamfuta kasuwanci, shi ya ishe su ba da misali na Microsoft.

"Gaskiya" na zamani kwamfuta ne da cikakken duk da fasaha da kuma hulda jaddadawa aka gyara tare da juna da kuma waje duniya samuwa ga kowa ko da dan kadan saba da dabara na mutum. Kuma wannan, bi da bi, muhimmanci ƙara yawan m masu amfani. Saboda haka, kalmar "bude" ba kawai a fasaha da abun ciki, amma kuma zamantakewa.