Raphael aiki: jerin, photos

Rafael Santi, babban Italian fenta, mai hoto artist, m, bin Umbrian makaranta na zanen, an haife Maris 28, 1483 a Urbino. Yaron yana da shekara takwas sa'ad da mahaifiyarsa ta rasu, bayan shekaru uku da ya rasa mahaifinsa. Giovanni Santi wani mai zane-zane, da kuma jim kadan kafin mutuwarsa ya gabatar da dansa zuwa kayan yau da kullum na zanen.

A farkon kerawa

A farko ayyukan Raphael kwanan rana 1496 shekara, yayin da mural aka fentin "Madonna da kuma Child", wanda a yau shi ne a cikin gidansa-gidan kayan gargajiya. Daga cikin ayyukan da farkon lokaci bayyana a matsayin "Tsarki banner da Triniti Mai Tsarki" (1499), bagade zanen "The coronation na St. Nicholas na Tolentino," da aka rubuta a coci na S. Agostino a cikin karkata daga Citta di Castello. Farkon ayyuka da Raphael daban-daban style rashin tabbas, amma har yanzu duba kamar hoto ne quite balagagge artist.

koyo

A 1501, da zane-zane Santi shiga koyarwa daga cikin shahararrun fenta Petro Perudzhino. Aikin a cikin bitar da m shawarta ya kasance musamman da amfani ga Raphael. Bugu da kari wa a Perugino da hannu da dama dalibai. All ayyukan Raphael cewa lokacin da aka rubuta a cikin style na malamin. Duk da haka, Petro Perudzhino nace cewa ya fi hazaka dalibi aspired zuwa rabo nasa zanen iri.

Naka salon bayyana a cikin matasa, artist baya, ta hanyar da ƙarshen zamani na binciken a cikin master ta bitar. Wasu ayyukan Raphael, zane-zane, almara, almara, ya zama mai jagoranci sãɓã wa jũna materially daga aiki. Pietro kokarin gina a kan nasarar da almajiri.

A farko umarni

Rafael Santi, aikinsa, fasaha da kuma iyawa suka yadu da aka sani a cikin gundumar, ya ji game da shi da wasu darajoji na limaman Kirista, da kuma zane-zane ya samu dama garabasa umarni ga zanen majami'u a Perugia da kuma Citta di Castello. Wannan ya taimaka sosai, kamar yadda wani haifar da artist rayu wani arziki rayuwa da kuma bukatar kudi.

A 1501, a cikin ayyukansu na Raphael Madonna shi ne ya fara kara, da zanen "Madonna Solly." A yanar gizo an zahiri hũra ecclesiastical ƙawa. A nan gaba, da artist zai haifar da 'yan mafi Madonnas a daban-daban fassarori. Wannan topic za a tare da zane-zane a ko'ina ya gajeren rayuwa.

coci theme

Rafael Santi, sanannen ayyukan da suke a kan wani addini theme, duk da haka sau da yawa ya juya ga batun na zama na kowa mutane, da kuma kokarin kama a cikin zane-zane da scenes daga rayuwar yau da kullum. Duk da haka, a kan lokaci da Church batu ya yi lõma da wani talented fenta, ya lura cewa, ya iya amfani da art ne hanya mafi kyau a cikin haikali.

Saboda haka, a cikin farkon 16th karni, suka yi, an halitta wannan Masterpieces a matsayin "coronation" da "Betrothal Maryama". Dukansu zane-zane da aka rubuta a 1504 da kuma aka yi nufi ga bagaden. A daidai wannan lokacin Rafael halitta "Vertical na Pietro Bembo", "Saint George da yaƙi da dragon," "Madonna Conestabile".

Michelangelo da sauransu

A Disamba 1504 Rafael Santi ke Florence. Akwai, sai ya sadu Michelangelo, Leonardo Vinci, Bartolomeo Port. Style na Michelangelo da Vinci wahayi zuwa gare ta Raphael kuma ya fara karatu su style of zane, da kuma ga tsabta, da ke sa kofe na da wani ɓaɓɓake daga zane-zane ta hanyar babban artists. Zane Vinci "Leda da Swan" Santi rubbings wa kansa kusan gaba daya. Tare da hoto na Michelangelo ta "Saint Matiyu", ya aikata wannan. Duka master m ga kokarin da matasa artist. Kuma ya yanke shawarar kama up har zuwa yiwu a ma'adanin na zanen da Florentine sana'a.

sabon umarni

A farko domin na Santi samu bayan zuwa na manyan mutanen Anolo Doni, don ƙirƙirar hotuna na kansa da matarsa. A cikin hoto tare da siffar da daraja mata a fili ya nuna tasirin Leonardo da "Mona Lisa." Hoto na artist kira "Doni Tondo".

Bayan kammala da tsari na Signor Agnolo, Rafael fara rubuta bagaden zane-zane "The Lady tare da Unicorn", "A halin da ake ciki a cikin akwatin gawa", "Madonna zaune tare da Nicola daga Bari kuma Yahaya Maibaftisma." Artist ta shahararsa tsiro, ya rubuta mai yawa images of tsarkaka, daga gare su, "Mai Tsarki Ekaterina Aleksandriyskaya" (1507), "The Holy Family" (1508), "Saint Elizabeth tare da Yahaya Maibaftisma" (1509), "Madonna da kuma Joseph beardless" ( 1509).

Babban taken a cikin ayyukan Raphael

Kamar yadda a Florence, Santee ya rubuta fiye da ashirin Madonnas. Mãkirci sun guda: ko dai da jariri a ta makamai, da kuma ya taka kusa Ioanna Krestitelya, wanda kuma sau da yawa wanda aka nuna a hoton. All Madonna wanda aka nuna a cikin canvases da hãtimi a kan fuskar masu juna biyu da kulawa. Daga cikin su da hotuna na lokaci tsaya fitar: "Madonna del Granduca" (1505), "Madonna Terranuova" (1505), "Madonna karkashin gini" (1506), "Madonna na Pinks" (1506), "Madonna na Goldfinch" ( 1506), "La Belle Jardinière" (1508).

Vatican

A karshen 1509 Raphael tafi zuwa Roma, inda zai rayu har ya mutu. Tare da taimako na Donato Bramante Santi zama kotun fenta ga Papal zama. Ya aka wakkala a fenti da frescoes na hudu da dakuna na da gidan sarki, da ake kira "tashar". Rafael nã zãɓen jigogi da cewa daidai da daban-daban na ilimi aiki bil'adama: falsafa, shayari, tauhidin da kuma fikihu. A kowane daga cikin dakunan da zane-zane sanya da frescoes daidai da juna biyu da shirin. Raphael Stanzas an mai suna "Justice", "Debate", "Parnassus" da kuma "School of Athens."

rayuwa aiki

A mafi muhimmanci fitacciyar da zane-zane ne dauke da duniya-sanannen "Sistine Madonna", halitta a 1513. Raphael fentin izini da Church of St. Sixtus a Piacenza. Wannan shi ne wani mai wuce yarda na game sosai m aiki, shi rinjayar da m interplay na Lines, duk abin da aka subordinated ga elusive kari na ciki da jituwa. The zane ne manyan, amma idanu suna samuwa duk lafiya bayani.

"A Kawasaki na Galatea"

A sanannun shuni da kuma zama majiɓinci daga cikin zane-zane, da Italian Augustino Chigi gayyace Raphael frescoes ado da kewayen birni villa a kan bankunan na Tiber. Fĩfĩta aka ba a wannan batutuwa daga mythology na tsufa. Saboda haka akwai wani fitacciyar, "A Kawasaki na Galatea". A cikin mural depicting Annabi da Sibyl. A zanen da aka dauki daya daga cikin mafi kyau ayyukan artist.

madonna

Rafael Santi, wanda shahararrun ayyukan - yana da shakka "Madonna", fentin a cikin wannan numfashi. Mai Tsarki, Maryamu kuma Child, da labarin aka yi amfani da artist mafi sau da yawa. Wani lokaci sai ya kara wani Ioanna Krestitelya, wanda aka organically nasaba da babban image. Total "Madonna" da Raphael - Fiye da arba'in zane-zane, sũ ne waɗanda suke a gidajen tarihi. Yana da yake a cikin tarin na nuni - mafi kyau da zane-zanen wannan babban artist kamar yadda Rafael Santi. Works, wanda aka jera a kasa - shi ne da Madonna wanda aka nuna zane-zane domin dukan short amma hayayyafa rayuwa.

• "The Sistine Madonna" - (1513-1514), an ma'adanar a Dresden.
• "Solly Madonna" (1500-1504), Gemäldegalerie.
• "Diotalevi Madonna" (1504), da Bode Museum a Berlin.
• "Madonna del Granduca" (1504), Florence, Palazzo Pitti.
• "Virgin na Orleans" (1506), Conde Museum, France.
• "The Holy Family da dabino" (1506), National Gallery of Scotland, Edinburgh.
• "Madonna del Prato" (1506), Art Tarihi Museum, Vienna.
• "Madonna na Goldfinch" (1506), Uffizi Gallery, Florence.
• "La Belle Jardinière" (1507), The LOUVRE, Paris.
• "Niccolini-Cowper Madonna" (1508), National Gallery of Art, Washington.
• "Madonna na Foligno" (1511-1512), Vatican City.
• "The Holy Family karkashin wani itace" (1518), da Museo del Prado, Madrid.
• "Madonna na Allantaka" (1518), da National Museum, Naples.
• "Esterhazy Madonna" (1508), Museum of Fine Arts, Budapest.

All sauran ayyukan Raphael, wanda photo a cikin kasida kishin aikinsa za a iya samu a cikin rajista da kuma kundayen kan ma'adanin na zanen.
A lokacin daga 1513 a 1516 shekaru Rafael Santi ya kasance wani papal domin, yin almara na tapestries ga Sistine Chapel ne kawai goma. Yana kai mu kawai bakwai Figures. Sa'an nan Rafael tare da ƴan fentin balconies, wanda kau da kai da tsakar gida da Vatican. Duk da hamsin da biyu frescoes a kan babban Littafi Mai Tsarki jigogi da aka yi.

sabon posts

A watan Maris shekarar 1514 Donato Bramante mutu, kuma Dad ya St. Bitrus Basilica a karkashin gini a farkon Raphael. A shekara daga baya, da artist sami post Vatican antiquities tsaro. A 1515, da Vatican ziyarci shahara Albrecht Dürer, wanda zana rubutu ya riga ya halicci irin hargowar a duniya. Ya gana da Rafael, kuma tun sa'an nan biyu na kokarin zama m, a lamba, amfanin na Jamus da Italiya ne kusa da.

na karshe

Last mutuwa samfurin Raphael - shi ne "Sake Kama," da aka rubuta a cikin 1518-1520 shekaru. A na sama na zane da aka ba wa Littafi Mai Tsarki labarin mu'ujiza na sāke kamanninsa na Kristi, kafin James, Bitrus da Yahaya. A cikin ƙananan part akwai manzanni da sautin fushi yaron. Rafael bai gama ba da hoto, shi ya kara da mutuwa na master fenta Giulio Romano.

Babban artist mutu a watan Afrilu 1520 yana da shekaru 37 shekaru daga kwayar zazzabi. Aka binne shi a cikin pantheon.