Sashi Form

Babban kaddarorin da mura pathogen da kuma hanyoyin da ganewa.

A causative wakili na mura alaka da orthomyxovirus iyali, aka farko ware a 1933 ta Burtaniya masu bincike WS Smith, SN Andrewes, PP Laidlaw da intranasal fari ferrets tace abu samu daga marasa lafiya da mura.

A 1940, T. Fransis kuma T. P. Maqill da kansa gano mura cutar, wanda, a wani yawan nazarin halittu Properties daban-daban daga mai kwazo a shekara ta 1933, kuma a shekarar 1947 R. M. Taylor samu haemagglutinating wakili - "iri 1233 ", gano a matsayin mura cutar, amma daban-daban daga ƙwayoyin cuta ware a 1933 da kuma 1940. Wadannan ƙwayoyin cuta da aka gano da Latin haruffa daga cikin haruffa: A, B, C da kuma kowane ne m matsayin mai zaman kanta serotype.

The iyali orthomyxovirus dangana kawai mura ƙwayoyin cuta halin da gaban da matsanancin harsashi da RNA abun ciki a cikin wani mai siffar zobe nucleocapsid. A matsanancin kwayar ambulan glycoprotein kunshi tsarin (hemagglutinin - neyraminidazy- H, kuma N), haifar da cututtuka da kuma antigenic kaddarorin da cutar. Gene na mura cutar da aka gina na 8 segments na single-stranded, diamita daga cikin siffar zobe ciki ribonucleoprotein (RNP) a cikin kewayon 9 nm. Daban-daban da ƙwayoyin cuta A, B, C RNP antigen, wanda ba ya haye Inter-type halayen.

An yanzu gane cewa orthomyxovirus iyali kunshi biyu danginsu: mura cutar, wanda sun hada da ƙwayoyin cuta A da B, da kuma yanaye mura cutar (S. Ya. Gaydamovich, 1982).

A cutar wakilta dama serotypes da antigenic bambance-bambancen karatu, abin da ya bambanta a abun da ke ciki hemagglutinin da neuraminidase. Wannan cutar infects mutane da kuma dabbobi. A cewar sabon rarrabuwa (1980) A cutar hemagglutinin iri numerals da aka bã: 1 ga AND da neuraminidase daga 1 zuwa 8. hemagglutinin 1, 2, 3, NA 1, 2 halin yafi cutar A mutumin da sauran iri surface antigens ( H da N1) gano a cikin ƙwayoyin cuta da cewa harba dabbobi (dawakai, aladu, da shanu, birai, da karnuka, da kuma daban-daban jinsunan tsuntsaye).

A halin yanzu, a cikin bayanin na mura A ƙwayoyin cuta dole nuna irin hemagglutinin da neuraminidase, kuma su zane-zane da ba ko da yaushe dace nomenclature 1971 Table. 1 nuna sabon zane-zane da hemagglutinin da neuraminidase mura cutar dauka a 1980, a kwatanta da wannan. Human haemagglutinin AMMA, hemagglutinin H1 da alade NSw1 hade a hemagglutinin H1, hemagglutinin da mutum NT hemagglutinin dawakai, da kaji (HAV Neq 2 da 7) -domin hemagglutinin NC. AA Smorodintsev et al (1981) yana dauke doka hada mutum da dabba glycoproteins a daya serotype.

Wani wakilin irin na mura cutar ne wata cutar, wanda ya tsaya har a shekarar 1979, a raba HALITTAR B serotypes a da cutar a can. Akwai bambance-bambancen karatu a cikin antigenic serotype.

Rhode mura cutar G wakiltar C cutar Ƙwayoyin cuta na wannan HALITTAR kalla karatu na duk iyali orthomyxovirus. WHO Gwani Group (W. Dowdle, F. Davenport, N. Fukum, 1975) hada da wannan cutar a matsayin "sharadi tseren" a cikin wannan iyali. A halayyar alama da cutar ne gaban glycoprotein a cikin matsanancin harsashi. Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na da kwayar cutar ba da enzyme neuraminidase, ko da yake akwai retseptororazrushayuschy enzyme (RRE), cikakken Otley-takarar daga san kwayar neuraminidase. A cutar yana da wani low damar da karbuwa ga chick tayi Kwayoyin kuma daban-daban cell al'adu. A amnion chick tayi tasowa da shi a zazzabi na 33 ° C for 3-4 kwanaki na shiryawa, da ja da maikacin jini ba agglutinate Guinea alade, talauci adsorbed a farfajiya na kaza erythrocyte. Don kauce wa m elution da cutar tare da erythrocyte surface, shi wajibi ne serological gwaje-gwaje hemagglutination kafa a low zazzabi.

Idan A da B da ƙwayoyin cuta halin da canji antigenic tsarin da wurare dabam dabam a vivo, ga cutar antigenic bambancin ya ba tukuna aka alama. Sadaukar a 1947, 1974, 1977. ƙwayoyin cuta m.

Daidai zaba sashi siffan (lekform) zai taimake ka ka jimre wa wani iri-iri pathogens mura. A zaba a sashi form zai taimake ku kawai idan an zabi wani likita, ba naka.