Shekaru na Gorbachev ta rayuwa: biography na shugaban

Future shugaban kasar na Soviets aka haife Maris 2, 1931, a wani karamin kauye Privolnoe located in Stavropol yankin. Gorbachev ta farkon shekaru na rayuwa sun kasance a cikin aiki da karfi. A sha uku, yaron ya fara taimaka wa mahaifinsa, aikin gona inji sadarwarka, a wurin aiki. A sha shida matasa domin karfi yi a cikin zalunci da hatsi daga jihar karbi Order na Red Banner.

Early aiki

Bayan kammala karatu a 1950 daga makarantar sakandare, kuma ya karbi lambar azurfa, Mikhail Gorbachev ya sauka a Dokar Faculty na Moscow Lomonosov University. Bayan shekaru biyu, sai ya shiga cikin Jam'iyyar Kwaminis, wanda za a nasaba, da kuma duk m shekaru na rayuwar Gorbachev. Bayan kammala karatu daga jami'a, a shekarar 1955, saurayin ya tafi zuwa ga rarraba a birnin Stavropol, sabis a cikin gida m ofishin. A nan, sai ya rika wani aiki bangare a cikin ayyukan da Komsomol kungiyar, ya yi aiki a matsayin mataimakin shugaban sashen na farfaganda da kuma agitation na gida yankin kwamitin Komsomol. Daga baya, sai aka dagagge zuwa na farko sakataren Komsomol a Stavropol, sa'an nan wani saurayi da kuma zama na farko da sakataren Stavropol Regional kwamitin Komsomol. Gorbachev shekaru na rayuwa ciyar a Stavropol (1955-1962), da aka ba nan gaba na jihar babi na m kwarewa da kuma zama wani kyakkyawan ƙaddamar kushin domin kara samun nasara.

Party kashe

A shekarar 1962, kadan a kan mai shekara talatin, ya yi aiki kai tsaye a cikin jam'iyyar gabobin ke Mikhail Gorbachev. Shekaru ransa yanzu inextricably nasaba da Party da kuma jiha. Yana da aka epopeynaya zamanin Khrushchev ta sake fasalin. Jam'iyyar aiki ya fara tare da Gorbachev ta jam'iyyar Oganeza wuri a cikin Stavropol yankin samar da aikin gona management. A watan Satumba na shekarar 1966 da ya riqe da matsayin farko sakataren birnin kwamitin na gida jam'iyyar, kuma a watan Afrilu 1970, Mikhail Gorbachev ya zama na farko da sakataren Yanki kwamitin CPSU a Stavropol. Tun shekara ta 1971, Mikhail shiga cikin kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar.

Moscow lokaci

Nasarorin da yankin manajan bai je unheeded babban birnin kasar management. A shekarar 1978, ya zama wani aiki jami'in na kwamitin tsakiya Sakataren ga agro-masana'antu hadaddun da Tarayyar Soviet, da kuma bayan shekaru biyu - memba na Politburo na kwamitin tsakiya na Jam'iyyar Kwaminis.

A kwalkwali na jihar

Babban sakataren jam'iyyar kwaminis ta Tarayyar Soviet Gorbachev Mihail Sergeevich zama a cikin watan Maris shekarar 1985. Shekaru ƙwazo rayuwa adadi a cikin m lokaci sun kasance sosai aiki: ya zama daya daga cikin mafi jama'a mutane, ba kawai na Soviet jihar, amma kuma a fadin duniya. A sabon shugaban jihar ya isa sabo ne wahayi na kara raya kasar. Tuni a cikin Mayun 1985, ya sanar da bukatar karshe shawo kan "stagnation" da kuma hanzarta tattalin arziki da zamantakewa da ci gaban da Tarayyar Soviet. Horarwa da kuma m sake fasalin da aka amince a m gun cikakken zaman taron na kwamitin tsakiya na jam'iyyar kwaminis a cikin shekaru 1986 da shekarar 1987. Kirgawa a kan goyon bayan da m talakawa, Gorbachev ya ayyana mana zuwa ga tsarin dimokuradiyya da kuma nuna gaskiya. Duk da haka, wadannan sauye-sauye sun kai ga tartsatsi jama'a zargi da Soviet gwamnati, kazalika da ta wuce yi. Riga tun shekarar 1988 a duk fadin kasar suna fara kafa maras partisan da ba na gwamnati kungiyoyin. Hush baya kabilanci sabani kuma nuna tsarin dimokuradiyya tsari. Duk wannan take kaiwa zuwa sanannun sakamakon lokacin da tsohon jamhuriyoyin daya bayan daya fara zuwa "farati na sovereignties".

bayan da hadarin

Kansa Mikhail Gorbachev shi ne na karshe shugaban na Soviet jihar ga Disamba 1991, a lokacin da Belarus da aka sanya hannu Bialowieza yarjejeniya, alama da halittar CIS, da kuma wani sabon zamanin a cikin dangantakar kasa da kasa a yankin. Gorbachev daga baya a rayuwa har zuwa wasu har aka gudanar da kuma gwada a fagen siyasa da aiki. Ya na da wasu periodicity bayyana a Rasha siyasa na wannan zamanin. Tun shekarar 1992 da kuma har yanzu ya ke shugaban Asusun siyasa da zamantakewa da tattalin arziki da karatu. A 2000, ya jagoranci RUSDP, kuma tun 2001 - SDPR, kasancewa a cikin post har 2004.