Siyasa feline fluke: bayanin, yanayin rayuwa da magani

Akwai mutane fiye da miliyan 21 da suke zaune a duniya da ke dauke da Siberian cat litter. Fiye da rabi na yawan adadin wadanda ke kamuwa da cutar suna zaune a cikin filin bayan Soviet, ciki har da Rasha da Ukraine. Lalacin lalacewa na hali ne ga mazaunan Siberian da yankin Dnieper. Mene ne wannan matsala da kuma yadda za a kauce wa kamuwa da cuta? Kuma mafi mahimmanci, ta yaya za a kawar da "baƙi marasa galihu".

Short bayanin

Dandalin magani yana rarraba ɓarna jikin mutum a cikin nau'i uku. Suna tsutsa da tsutsotsi, har da flukes. Siberian fluke ne wata takunkumi na fuka-fuka mai lanceolate, wato, wani ɗigon ruwa mai ɗorewa (trematode). Sunan Latin sunan wannan kwayar shine Opisthorchis felineus da Opisthorchis viverrini. Ƙananan kwayoyin cutar hepatic yana haifar da cututtuka a cikin mutane da dabbobi, opisthorchiasis, wanda ke shafar hanta na hanta, gallbladder da pancreas.

Siberian cat fluke yana lanceolate. Tsawon m ba zai wuce 18 mm ba, kuma nisa - 2 mm. A cikin rayuwar rayuwa, ƙungiyoyi biyu masu tsaka-tsaki suna da hannu. Maigidan karshe na gado yana iya zama mutum ko carnivore.

Tarihin binciken

An fara amfani da sunan "Siberian fluke" a watan Afirun shekarar 1891 a birnin Tomsk. Farfesa Vinogradov yayi wani autopsy kuma yana cikin hanta wanda ba'a san shi ba. Ba da daɗewa ba, bayanan sun bayyana, an riga an kwatanta wannan yanayin, amma an gano shi a cikin hanta dabbar da ta mutu. Duk da haka, masanin kimiyyar da ya jagoranci autopsy bai kasa sanin irin gagarumar ba.

An tsara ta da kyau kuma ya bayyana malamin kimiyya mai zaman kanta Blanchard. Wannan ya faru a 1885. A wannan lokaci ana amfani da sunan "cat" fluke ". Wata cuta da ake kira opisthorchiasis.

Don ƙayyade muhimmancin likitan Siberian fluke, a cikin layi daya a kasashe daban-daban sunyi aiki da masana kimiyya da yawa. Alal misali, kawai don tabbacin cewa ana amfani da opisthorchiasis tare da cin kifin kifi, ya ɗauki kimanin shekaru 10. Ana kuma maimaita ra'ayoyi daban-daban game da matsakaicin matsakaicin mahalarta. Hans Vogel ya samar da hujjoji na gwaji na katantanwa na gastropod. Wani masanin kimiyya na Rasha Starobogatov ya gano cewa wadannan su ne mollusks daga ainihin Codiella.

A ina ake yaduwa opisthorchiasis?

Siberian fluke, na zuwa ga biyan kuɗi na gaisuwa Opisthorchis viverrini, ya fi kowa a kudu maso gabashin Asia. Yana haifar da tsauraran ra'ayi a mazauna da baƙi na Cambodia, Thailand, Laos, da kuma Vietnam. Wani lokuta ana rubuce-rubucen a kan ƙasashen Turai da Amurka. Dukansu suna da alaƙa da samar da kifaye masu kamuwa.

Siberian fluke, na zuwa ga biyan kuɗi na gaisuwa Opisthorchis felineus, ya fi kowa a cikin ƙasa na ƙasashen Soviet. Yana haifar da ƙaddamarwa na opisthorchiasis a Rasha, Ukraine, Kazakhstan, tare da kogin manyan koguna. Matsakaicin adadin abin da ke faruwa a cikin koguna Ob da Irtysh. Cutar da wuraren da ake kira Volga, da Urals, da Kama, da Don, da Dnieper, da Dvina, da sauransu.

Ta yaya pathogen ya taso

Hanta fluke Siberian fluke rai sake zagayowar wanda faruwa a cikin jiki da dama masu, na iya tasowa kawai a kusa da ruwa tare. Hanyoyin cigaban cigaba a cikin kwayar halittar farko ta fara farawa, wanda shine ruwan gastropod mollusks-bitinids. Ɗauki waɗannan nau'ikan zuwa ga jigon Codiella. Wani mazaunin da ya fi so ga irin waɗannan halittu mai rai yana bushe a cikin ruwan teku. Gastropod mollusk yana cinye qwai na Siberian fluke daga ruwa gurbatacce, inda faxin karshe na rundunar ya fadi. A cikin watanni biyu a cikin jikin mollusk za a canza kwayar cutar daga qwai zuwa cecaria.

Caulk na fluke shi ne tsutsare bisexual kyauta mai laushi tare da wutsiyar kiwo. Da barin maigidan farko, an gabatar da larvae a cikin kifin kifi. Anan mataki na gaba na ci gaba daga cecaria zuwa metacecarium na faruwa. Yawancin ya watsar da wutsiyar da ba ta dace ba, kuma ya kirkiro shi a jikin kansa mai kwakwalwa. A cikin gangaren, tsutsa ya kasance ta hannu. Tun daga lokacin shiga cikin kifin kifi, har sai iyawar haɗuwa da mutane da carnivores na faruwa, ya ɗauki kusan makonni shida. Sai kawai a mataki na maganin ƙwayar magungunan na iya zama tushen jiki.

Mutumin karshe na fluke ya zama mutum ko kowane dabba wanda ya ci kifaye mai haɗuwa. Samun shiga cikin sashin farko na ƙwayar ƙwayar ƙwayar zuciya, maganin maganin motsa jiki na kawar da kyakoki kuma shiga cikin duwatsun bile, gastladder da hanta.

Ta yaya kamuwa da cuta ke faruwa?

Siberian fluke sami ci gaban jima'i cikin jiki na karshe rundunar a cikin kwanaki 10-14. Daga wannan lokacin fara kwanciya, wanda tare da feces ya koma yanayin. Idan qwai ya fada ƙasa, zasu mutu cikin kwanaki 8-10. Idan a cikin ruwa, to, za su kasance masu yiwuwa a kusan shekara guda. A cikin dakin karshe, masu binciken suna rayuwa har zuwa shekaru 20 zuwa 30.

Tsarin gaba na sake zagayowar rayuwa na furotin na cat yana farawa da lokacin lokacin da sabon ƙwayar ruwa tare da ruwa da silt ya haddasa kwai na m. Ba za a katse wannan zafin mummunan ba yayin da mutum yana cin naman gishiri, rabin-gasa ko aka samo kifaye daga ruwa.

Opisthorchiasis cututtuka a cikin mutane

Opisthorchias ci gaba da tayar da hanzari na dogon lokaci. Dukan bayyanar cututtuka na cutar a cikin mutane suna hade da aikin injiniya da rashin lafiyar kamuwa. Allergies ana haifar da samfurori na muhimmancin aiki na opisthorchia. Hanyar aikin injiniya yana haɗuwa da raunin da ya faru ga ganuwar ducts, wanda aka sa baki da madara masu shan magunguna na helminths. Bugu da ƙari, haɗuwa da gajeru yana ƙaddamar da ƙwayar bile, haifar da ƙonewa.

Lokacin shiryawa na opisthorchiasis bai wuce makonni uku ba. Bugu da ƙari, zafin jiki zai iya tashi, akwai ciwo a cikin tsokoki da haɗin gwiwa, vomiting da zawo zai fara. Mai haƙuri zai kara hanta kuma ya yi yalwa, za a sami ciwo a cikin waɗannan kwayoyin.

Kwayar cututtuka zai bambanta dangane da mataki na opisthorchiasis. A cikin babban mataki, rashin lafiyan halayen rinjaye. A cikin ciwo na kullum - ingancin lalacewar duodenum da hanta, haifar da ciwo.

Bayyanar cututtuka na opisthorchiasis a cikin cats

A mataki na farko na helminthiosis, yana da wuya a fahimci cewa maras lafiya ba shi da lafiya. Yayin da cutar ta tasowa, ƙwayoyin sunyi karfin nauyi, gashin gashin ya zama abin ƙyama da rashin kwance, ƙwayoyin mucous da fatar jiki sun zama gumaka. Har ila yau akwai maƙarƙashiya ko zawo da kuma vomiting. Cikin tsuntsu yana ƙaruwa, tare da cike da hanta akwai ciwo da damuwa.

Siberian fluke: magani

Don tabbatar da opisthorchiasis, bincika abubuwa da kuma abun ciki na duodenal na mai haƙuri. Bugu da kari, sanya endoscopy, x-haskoki ko duban dan tayi. Don magani mai mahimmanci, yi amfani da kwayoyi masu amfani da kwayoyi, kudade don daidaita tsarin aikin narkewa da kwayoyi don inganta rigakafi. A cikin lokaci mai zurfi, mai haƙuri zai iya zama detoxification. Jiyya yana da kyawawa a cikin saiti.

Yin rigakafi na opisthorchiasis

Don kaucewa kamuwa da cutar Siberian flu, kana buƙatar cika buƙatun buƙatun:

• Kada kayi amfani da kifin kifi.
• Kada ku ciyar da tsuntsayen gida da dabbobin daji.
• Kada ku ƙazantar da ruwa tare da feces.

Kamar yadda kake gani, duk abu mai sauki ne. Zaka iya ci gaba da lafiyarka idan kun kasance mai hankali da sauraron ku.