Splenomegaly - abin da yake da shi? Alamun, haddasawa, magani na splenomegaly

Splenomegaly - abin da yake da shi? Amsar wata tambaya, ka samu kadan m. Bugu da kari, za mu tattauna me ya sa wannan cuta ya auku, abin da ta cututtuka su ne, aiwatar da bincike da kuma magani.

Overview

Splenomegaly - abin da yake da shi? A asibiti yi, wannan lokaci ake magana a kai wata cuta, wanda aka halin wani gagarumin kara girma daga cikin baƙin ciki. Yawanci, wannan na faruwa a lokacin da misali na jiki ne da hannu a cikin pathological tsari daga waje. Duk da haka, ya kamata a lura da cewa nauyi na baƙin ciki, ko da a cikin al'ada jihar iya zama da yawa mafi girma (2-Musulunci) fiye da a kowane sauran sashin jiki. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa dokin a wadda karuwa na jiki yana dauke splenomegaly, ko da yaushe matukar. Saboda haka, a cikin wani al'ada jihar na baƙin ciki nauyin da ya fara tasawa ne game da 100-150 g a kan palpation lafiya jiki kada ya wuce 7 cm (auna diagonally). A ganewar asali da "baƙin ciki splenomegaly" sa quite rare. Wannan ya faru a karkashin wadannan yanayi:

• idan jiki size wuce ya ce darajar.
• Idan splenic dullness abnormally tsanani.
• Idan baƙin ciki ne a fili detectable da palpation.

Da muhimmancin da baƙin ciki a jikin mutum

Splenomegaly - abin da yake da shi? Amsar tambaya da muka riga muka bincika a sama. The baƙin ciki ne wani muhimmin sashin jiki na rigakafi da tsarin. Kamar yadda aka sani, shi yana fasoleobraznuyu siffar da aka located a cikin babba hagu na ciki - ko kuma wajen kasa da diaphragm. Kamar wancan baƙin ciki ne tankwasa tsakanin 9th da 11th haƙarƙari. A wani lafiya adult jikin mutum wakilta Tã yi game da 150 grams. Yana maida hankali ne akan wani rabo a cikin wani kogon ciki aunawa kamar 11 santimita a tsaye shugabanci.

baƙin ciki

Gabatar jiki taka wata muhimmiyar rawa a cikin jikin mutum. Aikinsa shi ne ya kawar da waje kwayoyin ko kwayoyin cuta daga wurare dabam dabam, kazalika da ci gaba antibodies ga rigakafi da kuma tsarin cire mahaukaci jini Kwayoyin.

Ya kamata a lura da cewa baƙin ciki su ƙãra size ko da shi aikin ta al'ada ayyuka, a mayar da martani ga duk wani cuta. Wannan shi ne saboda cewa wasu cututtuka da shafi da maikacin jini, iya kara jini ya kwarara a cikin jiki. A cewar masana, da cutar da shafi baƙin ciki, quite sau da yawa bauta wa hanyar ta manyan size. Duk da haka, da ganewar asali "splenomegaly" sa a rare lokuta. Bayan da karuwa na jiki ba ko da yaushe magana game da mahaukaci yanayin.

Mahaukaci baƙin ciki size

Splenomegaly - abin da yake da shi? Wannan ganewar asali da aka yi a wani abnormally kara girman baƙin ciki. A wannan yanayin, da nuna jiki iya auna game da 500 grams, kuma da most girma - bambanta daga 11 zuwa 20 santimita. Splenomegaly, da Sanadin wanda za mu yi la'akari a kasa, tare da wani jiki nauyi fiye da 1000 grams da tsawon fiye da 20 santimita, an dauke da wani m da kuma nauyi. Domin lura da wannan cuta da haƙuri iya bukatar adjuvant far ko tiyata.

Splenomegaly: haddasawa cuta

Akwai da yawa Sanadin wannan pathological yanayin. Su ne bambancin kuma sau da yawa ya bambanta, daga m marurai (ciwon daji), cunkoso (ko da karfi da karuwa jini ya kwarara) da kuma cututtuka na sauran sashin jiki cututtuka infiltration zuwa kumburi cututtuka da kuma cututtuka na jini Kwayoyin.

Ka yi la'akari da mafi yawan na kowa Sanadin kara girman baƙin ciki, wanda hada da irin dalilai kamar:

• jini ciwon daji (msl, sankarar bargo, lymphoma ko myelofibrosis).
• cututtuka na jini Kwayoyin (kamar spherocytosis, thalassemia ko sickle cell anemia).
• cutar hanta (msl, kullum hepatitis C, cirrhosis saboda kullum hepatitis B, shafe tsawon amfani da barasa da kuma m hanta) .
• kumburi cututtuka (rheumatoid amosanin gabbai da kuma lupus erythematosus).
• Gaucher cuta (ko wata cuta daga sia metabolism).
• mahaukaci jini ya kwarara da kuma occlusion na jini, jijiyoyinmu (msl, splenic jannayẽnsa thrombosis, congestive zuciya gazawar da kuma blockage na portal jannayẽnsa).
• idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.
• daban-daban cututtuka (kwayan endocarditis, mononucleosis, AIDS, da zazzabin cizon sauro, Leishmania, Mycobacterium, da dai sauransu d.).

Splenomegaly: cututtuka

Kamar yadda aka sani, irin wannan sabawa matsayin splenomegaly, yana da wani takamaiman bayyanar cututtuka. Duk da haka, ya fi kowa daga cikinsu akwai m ciki zafi da kuma bloating. Duk wadannan alamu na splenomegaly dauke nonspecific. Ya kamata a lura cewa wasu mutane da tsanani kara girman baƙin ciki sau da yawa koka na farkon satiety da kuma na ciki da reflux bayyanar cututtuka.

A karshe alamar cuta na faruwa saboda gaskiyar cewa saboda matsa lamba a kan kogon ciki na ciki fara matsawa.

A wasu lokuta, da cututtuka da ake dangantawa da karuwa na jiki, su ne wadannan:

• rika zufa da dare.
• zazzabi.
• nauyi asara.
• janar rauni.
• pallor.
• sauki bruising.
• gajiya.

Lokacin da wanda ya nemi taimakon likita?

Splenomegaly a yara da kuma manya na bukatar wani m kallo na wani gogaggen likita. Duk da haka, ba kowane mutum wanda yana da pathological yanayin, ya sani ya kamata juya zuwa wani likita. A wannan batun ya kamata a lura da cewa zabi na wani gwani dogara da farko a kan abin da ya yi aiki wajen samar da cutar. Saboda haka, marasa lafiya na iya koma zuwa hematologist (likita wanda ya ƙware a lura da jini cututtuka), Oncology (ciwon daji marurai gwani) da kuma gastroenterologist (gwani hanji cututtuka, ciki har da hanta). Bayan na karshe ziyara a wani likita dole ne gudanar da wani cikakken kiwon lafiya jarrabawa, sa'an nan kuma sanya wani tasiri magani.

Dangane da Sanadin cutar ga mutane tare da wannan ganewar asali na iya bukatar gaggawa asibiti. Yawanci, wannan na faruwa a lokacin da mãsu haƙuri yana numfashi ba ciki zafi da kuma cututtuka na zub da jini da kuma kamuwa da cuta, ba batun gida da kulawa.

dubawa

Bayan magani da mãsu haƙuri ga wani gwani a cikin ta farko wuri da aka jiran jarrabawa. Don yin wannan, likitoci suna amfani da hanyoyin da palpation kuma feat. Irfan. Tare da wadannan hanyoyi da suka ƙayyade girman da baƙin ciki. A al'ada jihar game da 3% na mutanen da saukin palpable jiki. Duk da haka palpable taro a bar babba ciki na iya zama quite daban-daban saboda da dalili, da kuma baƙin ciki ba kara girman. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa kwararru amfani da sauran bincike hanyoyin.

Idan splenomegaly a kan palpation aka iske ba, amma duk alamu sun nuna shi ne samuwa, da mãsu haƙuri za a iya sanya wa kowa jini gwajin. A cikin shakka daga wannan bincike, kwararru sun kiyasta cewa abun da ke ciki, siffar, da kuma yawan farin jini Kwayoyin, platelets da kuma ja da maikacin jini. Wadannan Manuniya iya yi musu, ko tabbatar da kasancewar cutar.

ganewar asali splenomegaly

Idan yawan masana nazarin bayan dubawa da kuma tunzura shakka a sakamakon, sa'an nan mafi m ganewar asali dauki duban dan tayi, kazalika da kwamfuta da kuma Magnetic rawa tomography. Wadannan hanyoyin iya samar da cikakken images of ciki gabobin, ya kuma inganta, a daidai ƙayyade gaban ko babu wata cuta. Ya kamata kuma a lura da cewa Magnetic rawa Dabarar ne musamman tasiri a lokacin ya tabbatar da dalilin splenic jannayẽnsa thrombosis ko thrombosis na portal.

Baya daga dukan sauran mutane, ga ganewar asali na irin cututtuka ta amfani da radioisotope binciken. Wannan sosai m Hanyar wanda yake iya fili gane da wani ɓangare na baƙin ciki kyallen takarda. Duk da haka, da ba Hanyar wuya a aiwatar da tsada sosai.

cutar jinsin

Dangane da dalilan da irin wannan pathological yanayin da magani iya zama daban-daban. Ya kamata a lura cewa sau da yawa sosai a yau marasa lafiya ce game da wannan ganewar asali a matsayin "splenomegaly hanta." Ko da yake lokaci ba gaba ɗaya na gaskiya, amma a zahiri, kara girma daga cikin baƙin ciki ne sau da yawa tare da wani karuwa a sauran kayan ciki. Irin wannan fasalin zai iya muhimmanci worsen haƙuri da yanayin da da magani.

1. Matsakaici splenomegaly - abin da yake da shi? Wannan kara girma daga cikin baƙin ciki, wanda ya tashi a sakamakon wani pathological mamaki daga gefe.
2. Hepatomegaly - shi ne wani nau'i ne na kara girma da hanta, wadda aka hada tare da karuwa a cikin muka ambata a sama iko.
3. Banti ciwo - a lokaci daya karuwa da baƙin ciki, da kuma hanta.

magani na cutar

Abin da idan wani haƙuri kamu a matsayin "splenomegaly"? Jiyya na sashin jiki kamata a directed zuwa firamare hanyar cutar. Kamar yadda aka sani, wannan cuta na bayyana wani cuta. Ya kamata kuma a lura cewa, kara girman baƙin ciki ne ba za mu yi wa muddin haƙuri ta jiki ba ya ci gaba mai tsanani hypersplenism.

Sau da yawa a layi daya da magani daga tamkar cuta kwararru gudanar da wani jerin matakan inganta da yanayin haƙuri kuma lura da splenomegaly. Irin wannan hanyoyin iya hada wadannan:

• leukocyte transfusions nauyi.
• platelet transfusions.
• glucocorticoid magani daga mãsu haƙuri (da sanya magani "prednisolone" a wani adadin na 20-40 MG kullum domin 4-6 watanni).
• cire kara girman jiki ko splenectomy.

m baki

Splenectomy yi da kwararru wajen rare. Matsayin mai mulkin, irin wannan aiki da nufin magance manyan cututtuka. Yawanci splenectomy yi a irin wannan yanayi pathological kamar thalassemia, splenic jannayẽnsa occlusion, Gaucher ta cuta, da kuma cutar sankarar bargo. cire wani kara girman baƙin ciki yanke shawara da aka yi da wani likita akayi daban-daban ga kowane haƙuri. Yana dogara a kan halin da ake ciki da kuma m hadarin da haƙuri ta rayuwa. Bayan at karfi Gabar lalacewar iya faruwa splenic katsewa, wanda zai haifar da wani ciki hemorrhage. Af, don wannan dalili, marasa lafiya da suke kamu da "splenomegaly" tsananin haramta su shiga cikin wasanni da kuma wani jiki aiki.

Abin da ya razana kau da baƙin ciki?

A rashi na wannan jiki, ko ake kira asplenia, samar da yawa mafi girma hadarin kamuwa da cuta da kwayoyin da wasu rai-barazanar da ƙwayoyin cuta, da suka hada da wadannan: Neisseria meningitidis, Hemophilus influenzae da Streptococcus pneumoniae. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa bayan da aiki na splenectomy kamata ko da yaushe a alurar riga kafi da duk wadannan kwayoyin.

dawo da

Splenomegaly kanta ne m. Bayan duk, shi ne kawai da baƙin ciki mayar da martani ga wani cuta a cikin jikin mutum. A anemia, da haƙuri da aka wajabta baka baƙin ƙarfe da arsenic. Idan wannan sabawa yana tare da thrombocytopenia da leukopenia, likitoci cire inflamed sashin jiki. Ya kamata a lura cewa, bayan aiki da haƙuri nan da nan alama karuwa a yawan platelets da leukocytes, Fade ãyõyin hemorrhagic diathesis, da mãsu haƙuri ƙara da cewa da yawa da nauyi da kuma inganta da janar yanayin. Idan wani saurayi tare da wannan ganewar asali akwai wani bata lokaci ba, a ci gaba, bayan splenectomy, duk abin da ya zo a mayar al'ada. Idan a lokacin da tiyata, da mãsu haƙuri ya bã ta ƙãrẽwa na jiki, kuma ba su lura da canje-canje a cikin gabobin da ƙasũsuwa, sa'an nan shi a wajen da sauri a cikin gafarta musu.

don takaita

A general, irin wannan ganewar asali ne splenomegaly ba kamar yadda m kamar yadda shi ne tamkar cuta. Ya kamata a lura da cewa akwai mutane da yawa lokuta a zamani likita yi, ko lokacin da ƙwarai kara girman baƙin ciki ya koma ga ta al'ada size bayan hade far da tamkar cuta. Wannan shi ne jera saboda gaskiyar cewa data kasance bincike hanyoyin ba da damar zuwa da sauri gane gaskiya hanyar splenomegaly da fara ta da cikakken sikelin-magani.