Ta yaya ne zabe a Jamus?

Jamus - Turai mulkin demokra jihar tare da wani hadadden tsarin siyasa. Solutions a kasar za a iya dauka a tarayya da} ananan hukumomi, wanda kowannensu na da zartarwa, shari'a da kuma wakilan majalisu. Ta yaya ne zaben a Jamus? Wannan shi ne abin da muka koya a.

Tarayyar Jamus

A kasar da aka located a Yammacin Turai. Its iyaka da Arewa Sea da Baltic Sea, kuma an kewaye da Denmark, Czech Republic, Poland, Austria, Switzerland, Luxembourg, Belgium, da Netherlands da kuma Faransa. Jamus ne mai matukar cigaba kasar tare da wani karfi tattalin arziki da kuma high quality na rayuwa.

Yana da wani ɓangare na wani adadin duniya kungiyoyi kamar Tarayyar Turai, kungiyar tsaro ta NATO, da "Big Takwas". A kasar na 82 da mutane miliyan. Official harshe - Jamus. The most birane ne Berlin, Hamburg, Cologne, Munich, Bremen, Dusseldorf.

A babban birnin - Berlin, duk da haka, da yawa tarayya hukumomin da kuma ma'aikatun da ake located in Bonn. Jamus ne mai mulkin demokraɗiyya, shari'a, zamantakewa jihar, wani nau'i na gwamnati wanda aka bayyana a matsayin mai majalisar jumhuriya.

Jamus za ~ en na majalisar, majalisar, da Chancellor da kuma shugaban kasar na azumi ne daban-daban. The kawai jiki da cewa an zabe ta kai tsaye kuri'u, shi ne zaben majalisar dokoki. Sauran jikinsu da kuma mukamai an zabe ta izini mutane.

Jamus: Ana zaben shugaban kasa

Shugaban ne shugaban kasa. Domin da farko lokacin da post zo a cikin shekarar 1949. A watan Fabrairu 2017 aka zabe shi da post, Frank-Walter Steinmeier. Hukumance zama aka located a Berlin da kuma Bonn. A zaben shugaban kasa da aka gudanar a Jamus kowane shekaru biyar tare da yiwuwar daya sake zaben. Daya mutum zai iya kawai rike da post sau biyu.

The shugaban aiki ne wakiltar kasar a duniya mataki, da kuma sanar da sanya hannu kan dokar, da amincewar post na tarayya ma'aikata, jami'an, da alƙalai, kazalika da gabatarwa domin post na Chancellor.

Domin rike zaben a Jamus, kafa musamman jiki - Tarayya Majalisar. Ya kunshi wani daidaita yawan yan majalisar dokokin da kuma wakilai daga yankin majalisu. Domin shugaban zabe takara ke samun kuri'u mafi. A yanke shawara zai shiga karfi a kan shan rantsuwar.

zaben na Chancellor

A tsakiyar zartarwa ikon ne gwamnatin. Kansa ne Tarayya Chancellor. Aza a kan kafadu babbar alhakin management na jihar, wanda shi ne dalilin da ya sa siffar kasar ta sarautar ne sau da yawa kira kansila dimokuradiyya. Ya yanke shawarar a kan hanyar da Jamus ya kamata ta motsa.

Chancellor zaben daukawa Bundestags (tarayya majalisar dokokin kasar). Its iko šauki 4 years. Sun iya kare prematurely bayan sanyata zaben na babu amana, da cewa shi ne, a lokacin da mafiya yawa daga 'yan majalisar gane da bambancin ra'ayi da Chancellor siyasa.

The shugaban gwamnatin iya samar da hukuma, domin sanin adadin mutanen da kujeru da ikon yinsa, daga ministoci ayyukan. Bada shawarwari ga su sallama ko saduwa ya yi da farko sallama zuwa ga shugaban kasar. Tun shekarar 2005 da post na kansila ne Angela Merkel.

Bundestags

Higher unicameral majalisar dokoki - da Bundestags, ko tarayya majalisar dokokin kasar. Majalisar zabe da aka gudanar a Jamus kowane shekaru hudu. Yana iko da ayyuka na gwamnatin ne, kuma rungumi dabi'ar dokokin, nã zãɓen kansila. Majalisar gawarwakin hada da (shugaban kasar da kuma ya wakilai,), da majalisar dattawan, da kwamitocin, ƙungiyõyin, gwamnatin da kuma 'yan sanda na Bundestags.

Jamus zaben da ake gudanar a kan wani gauraye tsarin. Rabin wakilai, zabe ta kai tsaye m takardar za ~ en, wani bangare faruwa a kan lists na kowane ƙasar. Duka wadannan bulan suna da alaka da juna. A farko kuri'a bada gyara abun da ke ciki na kasarun adadi, na biyu - kayyade jam'iyyar ikon tsari.

Majalisar iya wakiltar jam'iyyun da suka sanã'anta fiye da kashi 5 cikin dari na kuri'un da ko lashe a uku guda-umarni da Ningi. A duka yawan kujerun ne 631 kujeru ga kõwace ƙungiya gudanar lasafta ta Hanyar St. Lagyu, bisa ga yawan kuri'un da suka samu a zaben.

A Bundesrat

Federated matsayi na kasa ce da muhimmanci yanke shawara shi sanya a kan darajojine guda biyu: na kasa (tarayya) da kuma na yankin. A ƙasa na Jamus zuwa kashi 16 jihohi. A wannan yanayin, Hamburg, Berlin da kuma Bremen ne a birni-asashe. Kowace daga cikinsu yana da kansa majalisar dokokin kasar, zartarwa da kuma na shari'a iko.

yankuna na sha'awa a cikin tsakiyar majalisar dokokin kasar, da Bundesrat wakiltar. Wani lokaci shi ne ake kira da babba gidan, ko da yake ƙa'ida an yi imani da cewa daya jam'iyya na majalisar dokokin kasar. A Bundesrat ne da majalisu jiki da cewa yana da dama ya ba da shawara da kuma kalubalanci mafi daga cikin dokokin.

Wannan ba wani zabe jiki, ba tare da wani lokaci. A halin yanzu, shi ne 69 mutane. Daga kowane daga cikin gwamnati na ta aika daga 3 zuwa 6 mutane dangane da size. The kawai zaɓe na matsayi a cikin Bundesrat ne a post na shugaban ta. A membobin wannan jiki zabe shi don a shekara.

Landtag da kuma gida zaben

Majalisar kowane ƙasar da ake kira Landtag. Shi ne babban majalisu jiki a yankin matakin. All yanke shawara aka sanya a cikin rufaffiyar Plenum, wanda aka gudanar tare da sa hannu na ƙungiyõyin da wakilai,.

Land kasu kashi birnin, yankunan karkara da kuma municipalities, a cikin abin da gwamnatoci ne. Local zabe da aka gudanar a Jamus, da misalin da kasa. Masu jefa kuri'a zabe domin abun da ke ciki na gundumar, kauyen da kuma birnin majalisa, wanda kuma ake kira "gida majalisar".