Ta yaya tsohon Rasha? Ta yaya tsohon Rasha a can?

Russia rayuwa a kasar, inda babu wani fili da kuma unambiguous amsoshin cikin sauki tambayoyi. Don ce yadda shekaru masu yawa a Rasha, kana bukatar ka da ka zaɓi ɗaya daga cikin da yawa zabin ko tambaya da yawa tambayoyi daga bayani. A cikin duniya babu sauran kasa cewa 'yan sau a cikin tarihin fara daga karce, gaba daya suka ƙaryata game da baya, sa'an nan kuma a mayar da kayan yau da kullum. Domin Rasha, saba wa zama da wani matashi kasar tare da dubu-shekara tarihi.

A zabi na wani tunani batu

Ta hanyar kokarin da sanannun masana tarihi da suka gabata, NM Karamzin - marubucin 12 kundin na "Tarihin da Rasha Jihar", SM Solovyov, wanda ya rubuta "The History of Rasha daga zamanin da", VO Kliuchevskoi kuma waɗansu da yawa, kazalika da mafi kwanan nan bincike da kuma ayyukan zamani masana kimiyya ya gano da dama da maki inda za ka iya count cikin shakka daga Rasha tarihi. Sau da yawa wannan kaifi iyakoki tsakanin jama'a abokai da juna sosai kadan kama. A wannan fahimtar Rasha tarihi a matsayin ci gaba da aiwatar da wanzuwa a shekara dubu alama halitta.

Akwai hanyoyi da asalin sau da yawa dogara ne kan a kasar, daga cikin falsafa ko akida imani. Its sikelin auna tarihi lokaci, ka amsa ga wannan tambaya na yadda shekaru masu yawa Rasha da Westerner da Slavophile, Conservatives da kuma progressives, a kwaminisanci da kuma masu sassaucin ra'ayi, da dai sauransu Za mu iya ɗauka mahara amsoshi game da shekaru jihar, da kuma kowane zai iya samu tsayuwa magoya baya da kuma daidai da tsananin adawar.

prehistory

A farkon burbushi na prehistoric mutumin da ake samu a Rasha, da Caucasus da Kuban. Fannin binciken burbushin halitta ƙayyade da mulkin mallaka na mu ƙasa na farko hominid miliyan 2 da suka wuce. Kafa cikakken jinsunan Homo sapiens bayyana a cikin yankin game da 45 shekara dubu da suka wuce. Abin farin, fata fara kirgawa Rasha ainihi daga kwatanta farin gashi da idanu shude ba tukuna.

Amma an bayyanar a Turai na Rasha a yau raba Slavic kabilu (a kusa da V karni BC) wasu yi imani da shi shi ne ya dace domin farkon Rasha tarihi. Daga cikin wadannan tribal ƙungiyoyi tare da poetic sunayen :. Slovenia, Krivichi, Meria, Chud, da sauransu - na kokarin zabi daya ko fiye, a kusa da siffar na gaba mulki, shi ne musamman m baƙi da sunan kabilar Rasha ko Rus.

Wasu sun ce da farko Rasha jama'a ilimi game da wannan yawan shekaru na Rasha birane daga mafi tsoho: Novgorod zama wurin zama na Rurik, kuma ya riga ya girma.

Duk da haka, da farko ma'ana batu na reference zai bayyana daga baya.

Kira Vikings (882 shekara) - 1134

Yana da wannan lokaci hatimi ne dauke da farko zuwa fiye ko žasa da daidai amsar wannan tambaya da yadda shekaru masu yawa akwai Rasha. A cewar tsoho tarihin, da dama Slavic, Baltic da kuma Finno-Ugric bayarwa aika da wakilainsu da warlike kabilar Vikings ware daga da darajõji m, iya haddasa wani tribal jam'iyya da kuma juya shi a cikin wani aure jihar. Irin wannan mutumin shi ne almara Varangian prince Rurik - kafa na farko mulki daular a Rasha.

Magajinsa riskar da dukiyarsa, located kusa Novgorod da kuma a yankin na Upper Volga River, da yankin na Kudancin Slavs, tare da babban birnin kasar, a Kiev. An yi imani da cewa wannan ƙare tare da samuwar na farko Old Rasha jihar. Haka ya faru a shekara ta 882.

The pinnacle na wannan ilimi za a iya daukarsa a matsayin sarautar Vladimira Svyatoslavicha, a wanda aka yanke shawarar Orthodoxy (988) da kuma Yaroslava Mudrogo, wanda kafa da farko dokar code - Rasha gaskiya (1016). Rasha zama ƙara ãyõyin a hadade jihar.

Amma saboda da 'ya'yan sarakuna ba jayayya, da wadannan alamu da aka rasa, tare da sakamakon cewa Rasha ya kasu kashi yankunansu, sa'an nan gaba daya rasa samun' yancin kai, kuma ya kasance a azabtar da Golden taro.

Tsar Ivan IV da Munin (1547) - 469 shekaru

Lokacin Ivan Grozny dauki sunan King of All Rasha, shi ya bayyana cewa a duniya map, wani sabon Rasha jihar, tare da wani sabon cibiyar - Moscow. Yana da matukar daban-daban daga baya ilimi a size, kamar yadda kakakin soja da siyasa da iko, da ƙarfi, da na kasa da kasa da tasiri a monolithic kula da tsarin. The kalmar "Rasha" da aka yi amfani da mafi sau da yawa domin sunan kasar.

Wannan ya biyo ta wani rikicin na statehood, ya nuna wuya a lokacin da matsaloli da kuma na gaba da kusan cikakkiyar rashin 'yanci, wannan lokaci a cikin ni'imar Poland. New Rasha ta Tarurrukan fara da zamanin da Romanov daular (1613) da kuma aka kammala a zamanin Petra Velikogo.

Rasha Empire (1721) - 295 shekaru

Bayan karshen Mai girma Arewa War Bitrus da Great dauki kan title na farko Sarkin sarakuna na Rasha da kuma uban fatherland. Wani sabon page a cikin tarihi na Rasha, da sabon jihar da aka kafa bisa ga ƙa'ida. A lokacin elapsed tun sa'an nan - shi ne wani amsar wannan tambaya da yadda shekaru masu yawa da kasar Rasha. Shi ne aikin hukuma suna da wata babbar daular.

A tarihin Rasha autocracy ya ƙare a watan Fabrairu 1917, bayan abin da ya zo a matsayin watanni kafin wani mataki nau'i na gwamnati - a majalisar jumhuriya. Ta yi kokarin yin m gada na zamani Rasha: da m Bolshevik kãmun ikon da aka shege, amma kuma kananan ta duba a cikin inuwar na ciyar da Tarayyar Soviet.

Wani sabon nau'in jihar na Tarayyar Soviet (1922) - '94

Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta farko sharply nisanta kanta daga baya, ba tunanin yadda shekaru masu yawa Rasha, furta Soviet jihar yau, iyalinsu fake samuwar. Wannan, duk da haka, bai hana akidojin nemi a tarihin kasar yin ishãra misalai na heroism na mutane, wanda ya sau da yawa a bukatar kusan duk na Soviet tarihi.

Kuma daga yanzu Rasha siyasa a da yawa daga waɗanda suka gani a cikin Tarayyar Soviet da cikakken tsari na jihar, nuna a kyaututukan da ya samu da kuma ganin babban dalilin da auka a waje mugunta dabarunsa.

Rasha Federation (1991) - shekaru 25

Ta yaya tsohon Rasha? Yau da Rasha jihar, idan shi ne ya ji baya daga baya tarihi, za su kasance a lokaci ma'aunan wani yaron wanda aka ja a kwantar da hankula a dogara da, a cikin haske m nan gaba, da annuri 'yanci, babban daular. Babban abu - ba su karya.