Thalamus - The thalamus ne ...: definition, sifa da aiki

Development of halin tababbu da ilimin tsarin jijiyoyi a zamani yanayi ne ba zai yiwu ba ba tare da in-zurfin ilmi daga cikin tsarin da kuma ayyuka na kwakwalwa. Ba tare da wani fahimtar da matakai abin da ke faruwa a cikin jiki ba zai iya yadda ya kamata mu bi da cutar da kuma komawa mutane zuwa al'ada rayuwa. Keta a wani mataki na embryogenesis - kayyade munanan ko cuta, saboda da teratogenic effects na waje dalilai - gubar ga ci gaban kwayoyin Pathology kuma irreparable sakamakon.

muhimmanci sashen

The kwakwalwa - hadaddun tsarin da kwayoyin. Yana hada daban-daban abubuwa. Daya daga cikin mafi muhimmanci sassan an dauki tsaka-tsaki. Yana hada da dama links: da thalamus, hypothalamus, kuma epithalamus metetalamus. A mafi asali biyu na farko suna dauke.

Thalamus: Physiology

Wannan kashi ne wakilta a matsayin tsakãtsaki ce tsakaitã samuwar. An located tsakanin midbrain da bawo. Sinadarin kunshi 2 sassan. образование, входящее в лимбическую систему. Thalamus - shi ne ilimi, kashi na limbic tsarin. Yana aikin wani iri-iri ayyuka. A lokacin da amfrayo ci gaba, da kashi ne dauke da most. Yana da ake gyarawa a cikin abin da ake kira agara yankin, kusa da cibiyar kwakwalwa. Daga shi da bawo jijiya zaruruwa mika a duk inda. Da tsakiya surface Forms gefen bangon na uku ventricle.

kernels

часть сложного комплекса. Thalamus - shi ne wani ɓangare na wani hadadden sa. An kafa na hudu sassa. Wadannan sun hada da: na hypothalamus, epithalamus, predtalamus da dorsal thalamus. A karshen biyu an samu daga cikin matsakaiciyar tsarin. Epithalamus kunshi pineal Tala, alwatika da leashes. A wannan yankin suna located nuclei da hannu a cikin kunnawa da wari. Raya ci gaban yanayin epithalamus da peritalamusa daban-daban. A wannan batun, suna bi da matsayin raba abokai. включает в себя более 80 ядер. A general, thalamus tsarin hada da fiye da 80 nuclei.

bayani dalla-dalla

kwakwalwa thalamus hada slat tsarin. An kafa ta myelinated zaruruwa da kuma raba da sassa daban daban na ilimi. Wasu yankunan an tsare neuronal kungiyoyin. Alal misali, intralaminar abubuwa periventricular tsakiya da sauransu. The abubuwa bambanta ma daga babban rabo thalamic.

rarrabuwa

Kowane cibiyar ƙunshi ta tsakiya. Wannan sa da darajar da jikin mutum. Nau'in nuclei ne da za'ayi dangane da wuri. Bambanta da wadannan kungiyoyin:

1. Front.
2. Mediodorsal.
3. Midline.
4. Dorsolateral.
5. Ventrolateral.
6. Ventral posteromedial.
7. Baya.
8. Intralaminar.

Bugu da kari, da zuciyar da aka raba dangane da fuskantarwa na neuronal mataki a kan:

1. Spotting.
2. Yin aiki tactile sakonni.
3. Ji.
4. Gudãnar balance.

-daban na cibiyoyin

Ware gudun ba da sanda, da kuma nonspecific ƙungiya tsakiya. A karshen hada da wata babbar yawan tsakiya kuma da intralaminar tsarin. The gudun ba da sanda tsakiya na'am da sakonni, wanda ake baya kimanta a fagage daban-daban na bawo. Wadannan sun hada da cibiyoyi da suke aika da da farko majiyai (ventral posteromedial, postlateralnoe ventral, tsakiya kuma a kaikaice geniculate) da kuma hatsaisai da hannu a feedback cerebellum (ventral gefen). Associative core mafi yawan hatsaisai samu daga bawo. Sun Project mayar da su zuwa ga tsara da aiki.

na tsarin jijiya tafarkin da

образование, связанное с гиппокампом. Thalamus - shi ne ilimi alaka da hippocampus. The hulda ne ta hanyar wani na musamman hanya, a cikinsa akwai aka kafa, da kuma mammillary jikinsu. By bawo thalamus ta haɗu thalamocortical haskoki. Har ila yau, akwai hanyar da bayanai da aka ruwaito zuwa ƙaiƙayi, taba, yawan zafin jiki. Yana daukan wuri a cikin laka. Ga akwai biyu sassan: da ventral kuma a kaikaice. A farko izinin hatsaisai na zafi da zazzabi, na biyu - a kan matsa lamba, da kuma tabawa.

jinin samar

An Madĩna ta haɗa baya, inferolateral, a kaikaice da kuma tsakiyar choroidal da paramedian thalamus, subthalamic jijiya tasoshin. Wasu mutane sun samu ilimin Halittar Jiki anomaly. Yana da aka gabatar a cikin wani nau'i na Percheron jijiya. A wannan yanayin, daya motsa tafi daga raya akwati na wani cerebral jirgin ruwa. Yana bayar da dukan jinin thalamus. Wannan sabon abu ne quite rare.

ayyuka

? Thalamus ne alhakin abin da? Wannan ilimi daukan mai yawa matsaloli. A general, da thalamus - wani irin wata cibiya da bayanai. Ta hanyar da ta faru isar tsakanin subcortical yankunan. Alal misali, kowane gabansa tsarin, wasu fiye da olfactory amfani thalamic tsakiya, samun da yada sakonni a cikin m primary yankin. Domin da na gani rabo daga haske a jikin mai shigowa hatsaisai an aiko ta hanyar da a kaikaice ƙungiyoyin cibiyar, doguwar daidai bayanai a occipital bawo zone kansu. A musamman rawar da nasa ne da thalamus a cikin tsari na wakefulness da kuma barci. Tsakiya na hulda da haushi, samar da takamaiman haihuwarka hade tare da sani. The aiki da tashin hankali ma shirya thalamus. Damage wannan samuwar yawanci kai ga coma. A thalamus an haɗa zuwa hippocampus aikin wasu ayyuka a kan memory kungiyar. An yi imani da cewa yankin suna da alaka da wasu daga cikin mesial-boko yankunan. Wannan tsiraru da tabbatar saba da bambantawa rekollektivnoy memory. Bugu da kari, yana ba da shawara cewa thalamus ne da hannu a na tsarin jijiya matakai dole ga mota tsari.

pathologies

Saboda bugun jini thalamic ciwo iya ci gaba. Yana bayyana daya mai gefe kona (zazzabi), aching majiyai. An sau da yawa tare da yanayi swings. Bangarorin thalamic yankin na ischemia zai iya sa quite tsanani take hakki. Wadannan sun hada da, misali, hada da akinetic mutism, oculomotor disturbances. Lokacin da hadin occlusion na jijiya Percheron infarction iya faruwa.

Thalamic reticular samuwar

A cikin tsakiyar sashe na ganga ne wani tari na Kwayoyin. Su saƙa wata babbar yawan zaruruwa mikawa a duk inda. Idan muka yi la'akari da wannan samuwar karkashin wani microscope, shi kama wani cibiyar sadarwa. Saboda haka, aka kira reticular samuwar. Na tsarin jijiya zaruruwa tashi zuwa ɓawon burodi da kuma samar da wani maras takamaiman hanya. Tare da su taimako kiyaye aiki a duk yankunan da CNS. Ƙarƙashin rinjayar da samuwar an inganta reflexes. A wannan tari akwai wani zabin da bayanai. A overlying rabo na'am kawai sabon da muhimmanci bayanai. Active samuwar ne ko da yaushe a wani matakin high, kamar yadda ta ke ta cikin sakonni daga duk rabe.

neurons

Sun nuna wani babban ji na ƙwarai to pharmacological jamiái da kuma ji ba gani. Kwayoyi kamar "reserpine", "Chlorpromazine", "Serpazil" da sauransu suna iya rage aiki na samuwar. A neurons mu'amala uplink da downlink sakonni. A hatsaisai ne a akai wurare dabam dabam a cikin haihuwarka. Saboda wannan aiki da aka kiyaye. Ta, bi da bi, wajibi ne don kula da sautin na juyayi tsarin. A cikin hali na halakar da samuwar, musamman ta babba sassan, akwai zo barci mai nauyi, ko da yake afferent sakonni ci gaba da hallara a bawo da sauran hanyoyi.