Totalitarianism - a tsarin a wadda wani mutum ya zama mai cog

Totalitarianism - a tsarin siyasa ikon, a cikin abin da jiha da taimakon jami'an tsaron kafa duka iko a kan dukkan fannoni na al'umma. Ya bambanta daga mulkin - wasu ba demokradiya gwamnatin - cewa yana kokarin shiga cikin tunani, na sirri rayuwa, har ma da imani na kowane mutum. Ya yi ƙoƙari ya tilasta ma daidaita da rayuwar iyali na 'yan kasa da kuma tabbatar da tsarin na jimlar kula.

A kan ƙasa na tsohon Tarayyar Soviet har yanzu samu daga cikin 'yan ƙasa nostalgic ga kwãnukan Stalin wahala da bege ga "m hannunka". Suna yi tsayayya da waɗanda suke tãre da tsaurin ra'ayi, iƙirarin cewa totalitarianism - shi ne Stalinism. Sun bayyana a cikin ni'imar da ya ka'idar da wadannan dalilai: a Stalin ta daular mamaye da hukuma akidar "Markisanci-Leninism", wanda da za a raba ta duk 'yan ƙasa. Aminci ga wannan mahanga sun nuna kome, kuma a ko'ina - misali, nassoshi cikin manyan nasarori na gurguzu management ya gabãta ko apolitical scholarly ayyuka a lissafi.

Na biyu shaida cewa totalitarianism - wannan shi ne Stalinism, shi ne cewa a cikin Land na Soviets cewa lokacin da aka kafa da 'yan sanda iko, da kuma total. Daga kindergarten al'umomi ji cewa dukan ƙasar da aka Rai kẽwaye, duka waje - imperialist "kasashen kaplagerya" da kuma ciki - yunkurin zagon kasa da suka ɓarna da gangan. Wannan "maƙiyi daga cikin mutane" zai iya zama wani dan kasa, kuma mafi yawan mutane sun ji tsoro Wakilai na musamman da dukkan iko tsarin - da Cheka, NKVD, daga baya KGB.

A cikin ni'imar da cewa totalitarianism - wannan shi ne Stalinism, da kuma nuna daya-ƙungiya tsarin gwamnati. Jam'iyyar Kwaminis ta akida absolutism samar - kowane "deviationism" gilla tsananta. All kungiyoyi, kafofin watsa labarai da kuma ilimi ne batun da rinjaye jam'iyyar. Duk 'yan ƙasa waɗanda aka hanã wa na da hakkin ya amincewarsa. Tattalin arzikin da aka cikakken kayyade ta jihar, wani kamfanoni , ana riskarsa kamar encroachment a kan unregulated ikon sa samun kudin shiga. A manyan sikelin ta amfani da aiki bawa (Gulag).

Saboda haka a cikin abin da mukamansu a matsayin nostalgic mu wasu daga mu tsofaffi? Idan ya haka bad, to, don me ne irin wannan jin zuciya ga siffar "duk sauran 'yan wasa" da "uban al'ummai" Stalin? Na'am, Tarayyar Soviet na 1930s wani totalitarian gwamnatin, amma a baya lokacin ba shi yiwuwa a yi abin da ake kira. Daga baya Soviet tsarin, m, zuwa karkashin bayanin mulkin. Wadannan biyu tsarin ne undemocratic gwamnati - in mulkin da totalitarianism - da yawa a cikin na kowa, amma daya da muhimmanci sosai bambanci. A farko tsarin ba neman su shiga kuma suka tsayar da iko a kan duk bangarorin na al'umma, iyakance siyasa da kuma ruhaniya da kuma akida.

Lokacin mulkin akwai wani Layer na yawan cewa ji a lokaci guda dadi, kuma mai lafiya - aiki manyan birane a Tarayyar Soviet, tsakiyar aji a karkashin Janar de Gaulle a Faransa, da babban industrialists karkashin Pinochet. Karkashin totalitarianism tsaro ba ji babu wanda, fãce hukuncin Elite. A tarihin karni na ashirin da yake cike da irin wannan musamman gwamnatocin. Ya aka haife ajalin "totalitarianism" a Italiya na Mussolini, amma same ta fi muni, wãtau bayyanuwar kadan daga baya - a cikin Nazi Uku Reich Hitler ta akidar da Khmer Rouge, Maoism, Turkmenistan karkashin Turkmenbashi da akidar "Juche" a Koriya ta Arewa