Tower Bridge - London ƙofar da babban ado na gari

Ko da waɗanda suka yi ba ta kasance a Ingila, koyi Tower Bridge nan da nan. Ya - wani irin Birtaniya hali. Kowace shekara, kusa da gada da kuma hoton da dubban masu yawon bude ido duba yadda taso kan ruwa ƙarƙashin kotu. Kuma da dare, ya janyo hankalin hankalin daruruwan kona fitilu, wanda aka nuna a cikin ruwa.

Ina Tower Bridge

A kasar na wannan gagarumin Tsarin - da United Kingdom of Great Britain da kuma Northern Ireland. Ya qawatawa da mulkin kanta da babban birnin kasar - London. Wannan drawbridge aka located dama a tsakiyar birnin a kan River Thames.

A general, da gadoji - yana da London jan hankali: Tower Bridge, Waterloo, London, Millennium, Railway Bridge igwa Street da kuma Westminster (kusa da Big Ben). Duk da haka, mafi muhimmanci zama alama ce ta birnin - yana da Tower. Ya - wannan kasuwanci katin a London kamar yadda ta Eiffel Tower a Paris ko Statue of Liberty a NY City. Hoton wannan gada da aka haka da dangantaka da babban birnin kasar Birtaniya, ga alama ko sananne. Duk da haka, ta girma da kuma tsanani daga siffofin kuma da sake yi tuntuɓe da tunanin yawon bude ido.

Inda ya yi da sunan

Tarihi da Tower Bridge lauye da aka located kusa da shi hasumiyar London - inda fursunoni kiyaye. Tun da farko, har sai 1872, a tsakiyar birnin ne kawai daya daga London Bridge, musanyar a kan River Thames. London hukuma yanke shawarar cewa shi ne bai isa ga birane amfani. Saboda haka, a cikin ce shekara, majalisar soma wani yanke shawarar gina wani sabon makaman. Ba zato ba tsammani, da Kwamandan Tower na London ya yi gāba da yi, amma majalisar nace. Aka yanke shawarar cewa na gaba gada a kan gine-gine dole ne saje a yadda ya kamata tare da kurkuku. Wannan inda tsananin hasumiyar Bridge.

Its sunan, ya kuma samu daga cikin Tower na London. A arewacin ƙarshen gada aka located kawai a kusa da kusurwar kurkuku. A hanya, wanda shi ne mai ci gaba da gada gudanar a layi daya zuwa garun da Tower. Saboda haka na farko, wanda ya yi tafiya a fadin wannan gada, ya ba da London aristocrats da kuma kurkuku.

Mahaliccin da gada

A cikin hunturu 1876 da hukumomi a London ta sanar a gasar ga mafi kyau aikin na gada ga birnin. Domin aikin da aka nuna da wadannan bukatun:

• da gada ya zama babban auku a karkashin shi iya ship.
• da yi da ya yi karfi da fadi da tabbatar da m motsi kuraye da kuma mutane.

Hamsin ban sha'awa ayyukan da aka samarwa. Mafi yawansu ba su bayar da high gadoji span. Amma duk da ayyukan yi kasance biyu kowa shortcomings: tsakanin ruwa surface da gada a high tide ya ma kananan nesa da jirãge iya wuce, amma Yunƙurin zuwa da shi - kuma m domin dawakan da cewa ja keken. Gine-ginen yayi zabin da dagawa na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa lifts for mutane da kuraye da zamiya cikas da kuma madauwari rabo.

Amma mafi idon basira daga cikin zaɓuɓɓukan da aka gane a matsayin wani aikin sarki m na London - Sir Horace Jones. Ya samarwa jawo sama-da-drop-saukar gada.

A sabon abu aikin

By cewa lokaci, a lokacin da suka gina hasumiyar Bridge, drawbridges ya dade da wata mu'ujiza. Suna amfani da ko'ina a St. Petersburg, a cikin Netherlands da kuma sauran ƙasashe. Amma da alama na Tower Bridge ne ya hadaddun fasaha tsarin. Babu inda a duniya a matsayin manyan sikelin ba a amfani da hydraulics. A St. Petersburg a lokacin da gadoji amfani da aiki da ma'aikata, wanda daga baya aka maye gurbinsu da aikin na ruwa turbines. A request daga cikin Municipality na gada shi da aka tsara a cikin Gothic style. Ƙõramu iya sauƙi wuce har ma da babbar teku tasoshin.

A fasalin da Tower Bridge wani counterweight da damar da zane da kuma tashe baya. A yi da wannan makaman da aka shirya hade da masonry da karfe tsarin.

Duk da haka, duk da bayyane abũbuwan amfãni daga ra'ayoyi, da ikon zuwa jinkirta yanke shawara a kan ta yabo. Sa'an nan Jones janyo hankalin mashahuran m John Vulfa Barri, kuma tare suka inganta shi. Saboda haka, sabon zane, Tower Bridge ya zuwa da babba walkways. Kuma da aikin da aka amince.

A farkon da gine da farko canje-canje

Domin kawo da aikin cikin gaskiya, gwamnati ta ware wata babbar Naira Miliyan Xari a lokacin - £ 585.000. Developers sun ba zato ba tsammani ya juya a cikin wani sosai arziki mutane.

Fara na yi aka qaddamar a 1886. Kuma a farko duk abin da aka faruwa bisa ga shirin. Amma a cikin bazara na 1887, kafin ma suka fara kafa harsashin ginin da gada, da ya mutu ba zato ba tsammani shugaban na aikin - Jones. Shi ne mai karfi duka zuwa ga abokin m, Barry, da kuma yi kan lokaci froze.

Barry sa'an nan har yanzu gangarawa cikin aikin da ya dauki wa mataimakin m George. Stephenson. Last ciyar da wata babbar so ga Gothic art na Victoria zamanin, wadda muhimmanci shafi aikin. Da zuwan Stephenson Tower Bridge ya halartar da dama stylistic canje-canje. Karfe siffofin da gada kasance a kan nuni, kamar yadda shi ne a cikin ruhu da sau. Kuma akwai kuma biyu shahara hasumiyoyin da alaka da wurare don Tafiya da Kafa a tsawon 42 mita sama da kogin.

Da bude daga cikin gada da kuma yadda yake aiki

London Tower Bridge da aka fara a 1886 da kuma kammala bayan shekaru 8. Ya samu ya yi muhimmin taron, wanda ya faru a cikin watan Yuni 1894. A bikin ya samu halartar kansa Prince of Wales da matarsa Alexandra.

gada aikin da aka gaba daya mayar da hankali a kan tururi injuna da cewa juya babbar farashinsa. Wadannan wuraren samar da high matsa lamba a cikin accumulator tsarin. Wanne, bi da bi, ya ƙara rura wutar Motors, juyawa crankshafts. Karfin juyi yana daukar kwayar cutar daga shaft giya, wanda ya yi motsi toothed kansu. A bangare ne ke da alhakin kiwo na gada fuka-fuki. Tãyar da wani ɓangare na gada kasance sosai m, kuma mai bãyar da ra'ayi cewa a cikin giya ne mai babbar nauyi. Duk da haka, shi ne, ba haka: da fuka-fuki na gada da aka saka nauyi counterweights, wanda suke da babban taimako na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa Motors.

Domin ta soke da fuka-fuki, babban adadin makamashi ake bukata. Kuma a sa'an nan kome aka bayar. Tsarin inji hada da shida babbar baturi a wadda a karkashin karfi matsa lamba da aka ruwa. Ta zo da injuna alhakin aiki na m sassa na gada. Ƙarƙashin rinjayar ruwa zuwa daban-daban sunadaran dake motsi, da kuma babban diamita aksali da ƙafãfu biyu farko kafin a juya, dagawa na yanar gizo. A dukan tsari na waddan da gada dauki daya kawai minti daya!

gada a yau

Tower Bridge a yau gudanar gaba ɗaya a kan wutar lantarki. Duk da haka, kamar yadda kafin, a lokacin da ya fara motsa, duk abin da freezes da farincikin dubi billowing cikin iska fuka-fuki na gada. Sa'an nan, da hankali ne kõma zuwa da kewaye kogin. Kuma ko da shi ya zama yardar jirgin ruwan ko Tug, duk kallon da riba kamar yadda ya wuce a karkashin gada.

The mafi ban sha'awa tsaye har a daya daga cikin gãnuwõyi, inda a can ne a gidan kayan gargajiya sadaukar da Tower Bridge. Akwai za ka iya koya da yawa game da tarihi, ganin hotuna na yi, shimfidu da kuma tsare-tsaren. To, sa'an nan za ka iya hawa zuwa kallo bene ganin sabon abu, farin ciki da kuma ban mamaki panorama na gari yana buɗewa daga can.

Saboda haka idan ka samu kanka a London, a tabbatar ziyarci Tower Bridge.

ban sha'awa facts

Tsohon London Bridge, ya sayi a 1968 Robert Makkaloh - a kasuwa daga Amurka. A yi da aka dismantled da kuma hawa zuwa Amurka. A cewar labari, da kasuwa ji cewa tsohon London Bridge - wannan ne Tower Bridge, wata alama ce da m Albion. Duk da haka, da McCulloch ya fito fili ya musanta cewa wannan shi ne, lalle.

Tower Bridge - wannan shi ne wani aiki na gwaninta, wanda aka yi aiki talented gine-ginen. Kuma wannan ne mafi girma yawon shakatawa janye ba kawai a London amma a fadin Birtaniya a matsayin dukan.