Trunking dangane: aiki. Trunking sadarwa tsarin

An madadin zuwa cibiyoyin sadarwar salula na iya zama trunked sadarwa tsarin. Wadannan fasahar mafita an yadu amfani a duniya. Mutane da yawa Rasha kamfanoni, masu zaman kansu da kuma jama'a, fi son kawai guda trunking sadarwa. Mene ne ta bayani dalla-dalla? Mene ne abũbuwan amfãni daga Game da mafita kafin sauran rare sadarwa nagartacce ana gabatar a Rasha da kuma kasashen waje?

Mene ne trunking tsarin?

Trunking sadarwa - irin na nazarin sasannin mobile sadarwa kayayyakin radially-shiyya da irin. Yana aiki da rarraba tashoshi repeaters tsakanin biyan kuɗi a cikin atomatik yanayin. Bugu da ƙari kuma, kalmar nan "trunking sadarwa" yayi dace da hanyar da mai amfani da damar yin amfani da wani zabi sa na tashoshi, a cikin wanda free hanya da aka kasaftawa zuwa takamaiman Subscriber ga tsawon connection.

Trunking ababen more rayuwa ne sau da yawa gabatar:

- ƙasa kayan aiki;

- Subscriber tashoshin.

A tsarin da farko kashi trunked kayayyakin hada da tushe tashoshin da kuma masu kula. Modern ra'ayoyi na daidai da irin kayan aiki da damar don samar da amfani da hanyoyin sadarwa na a cikin tsarin na mutum, kungiyar ko watsa shirye-shirye kira iri. A wasu lokuta shi ne zai yiwu to connect daya saye tashar zuwa wani ba tare da resorting to sansanin tashan albarkatu.

A irin na sadarwa ne zartar da mai fadi da kewayon jama'a da jami'an tsaro kalubale. Yana da muhimmanci a nan su bi da fasaha da bukatun SORM trunked sadarwa tsarin. Wadanda yawanci gyarawa a cikin sashe dokokin.

trunking sadarwar ayyuka:

Ka yi la'akari da ka'idodi na trunked sadarwa tsarin.

Dace fasahar shafi yin amfani da matsananci-short tãguwar ruwa, kazalika da mobile sadarwa. Don kara da sigina kewayon ake amfani a trunked kayayyakin repeater. Sama mu lura da cewa, a cikin halin yanzu abun da ke ciki na da tushe tashoshin. Yana za a iya wakilta a matsayin daya ko dama abubuwa - a cikin farko idan cibiyar sadarwa zai iya classified a matsayin guda site a karo na biyu - kamar yadda wani Multi-zone.

A farko cibiyar sadarwa trunking sadarwa damar shirya hulda da dama da ɗari biyan kuɗi. Yanzu saboda da hada a cikin cibiyar sadarwa kayayyakin da ake bukata yawan tushe tashoshin iya samar da wani mahada tsakanin kusan kowace lambar biyan kuɗi. Trunking sadarwarka iya ware kiran manyan al'amurra samar da sadarwa a daban-daban halaye - simplex, Duplex. Modern kayayyakin more rayuwa dace da irin iya samar da kariya da samun dama marar izini tashoshi sauraro, sa fitarwa na'urorin zuwa Intanit. Trunking sadarwa tsarin ne dijital kuma analog.

Wanda yana amfani da trunking tsarin?

Trunking tsarin da suke, kamar yadda muka gani a sama, da radially-shiyya abubuwa na cibiyar sadarwa kayayyakin more rayuwa da kuma aiki a wani ultra-short-range, yafi maida hankali ne a kan kamfanoni abokan ciniki, to jami'an tsaro. Duk da yake cikin babban abokan ciniki na kamfanonin wayar salula - mutane. Trunking ne mafi kyau dace domin kungiyar na aiki sadarwa a cikin kungiyoyin masana - misali, a lokacin da hali na wajibi, ayyukan noma da dai sauransu, a lokacin da ta je da ayyukan agajin gaggawa.

Sama mu lura da cewa, dauke view of sadarwa bukaci jihar sabis. A gaskiya, da dacewa Tsarin ne babban masu amfani da wannan sadarwa nau'in. Wannan shi ne saboda wani yawan muhimman hakkokin bambance-bambance trunking sadarwa, musamman, daga cell - saba wa talakawa 'yan ƙasa. wato:

- da yiwuwar kusan instantaneous - a cikin 0.5 seconds, dangane da daya Subscriber zuwa wani;

- kayyade fifiko sadarwa tashoshi .

- yiwuwar biyan kuɗi zuwa juna ba tare da yin amfani da wani sansanin tashan.

- samuwar albarkatun ga cibiyar sadarwa sanyi bisa ga mai amfani da bukatun.

- da yiwuwar shirya kungiyar, watsa shirye-shirye, gaggawa, kira tsararrun.

- samuwar albarkatun to encrypt da sadarwa, da ikon ji tattaunawa da Subscriber.

Wadannan zažužžukan su ne ba na hali na al'ada salula. Wasu kama da trunking fasahar yana da wani misali mobile Tura magana. Amma da yawa daga cikin sharudda ba dace da jama'a sabis.

The salula sadarwa mafi trunking? Da farko, da ikon canja wurin fayil data a wani babban gudun - sun ci gaba 4G matsayin damar da index ya kai dubun megabits da na biyu. Duk da haka, ya kamata a lura da cewa gabatar a TETRA misali trunking sadarwa (idan mun yi magana game da fasahar a cikin version R2), a bisa manufa, kuma m na high-gudun watsa bayanai.

TETRA - dijital fasahar an dauki sadarwa. Amma shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa trunking dangane "Tetra" a cikin RI version ne dan kadan na baya R2 Standard - musamman, da data kudi. Ko da yake main zažužžukan da yiwuwar biyu fasahar in general m. Zai zama da amfani a kwatanta su da sauran kowa nagartacce trunking sadarwa.

Basic matsayin trunking sadarwa

Mafi na kowa dabaru sun hada da, a sama da dukan, waɗanda aka classified a matsayin dijital. Analog trunking kayayyakin more rayuwa ba ma a bukatar. The rare sadarwa ma'aunansa na da irin wannan:

- EDACS.

- iDEN.

- TETRA.

- APCO.

Ka yi la'akari da siffofin kowane daga cikinsu a cikin daki-daki.

misali EDACS

EDACS misali da aka ɓullo da ta shahara Swedish kamfani Ericsson. Ya aka classified a matsayin mai zaman kansa. Wannan misali unshi da canja wurin bayanai, ta hanyar tashoshin amfani da fadi da kewayon mitoci (amma cikin 870 MHz). Kamar yadda wani ɓangare na wani trunked cibiyar sadarwa, shi ba ka damar samar da wata mahada tsakanin 16 ga watan. Biyan kuɗi.

Dauke misali isasshe abin dogara, amma an dauki rabu amfani, kamar yadda a gaskiya ya shafi riwayar analog sakonni, ko da yake, da kuma yin amfani da wani dijital kayayyakin more rayuwa. Bugu da kari, shi ne, kamar yadda muka gani a sama, a rufe. trunking sadarwa kayan aiki saba da shi, na iya fitowa ne kawai kamfanin-developer.

misali iDEN

Wannan misali - an kuma rufe. Ya tsara Motorola Corporation. A mafi girma bukatar ne a Arewacin Amurka, wasu kasashen na kudancin Amurka, a yankin Asia. Dauke fasahar za a iya aiwatar a cikin tsarin na saba akwati cibiyar sadarwa zuwa masu biyan kuɗi na kamfanonin wayar salula sabis - kamar aika SMS, fax, internet connection.

A Rasha, da dacewa da misali ba yada, masana sun ce, da shi ne saboda ganin cewa, kamar yadda a yi amfani da tsarin da ya mita - 805-821 MHz ko 855-866 MHz ba ma mafi kyau duka a cikin sharuddan na warware matsaloli da farko masu amfani da trunked sadarwa tsarin cewa kamar yadda muka gani a sama, suna jama'a ayyuka. Af, kamfanin Motorola ya fito da wani yawan mafita da suke da jituwa tare da biyu a trunking ko da salon salula fasaha.

Tetrapol Efes

Wannan sadarwa misali da aka ɓullo da a Faransa ta Matra Sadarwa izini da Faransa m sabis. Halin da hannu na gwada low mitoci - daga 70 zuwa 520 MHz, da yin amfani da abin da ba ma rare a cikin wasu kasashe. Duk da haka, Rasha ta yunkurin gwada dacewa misali trunking sadarwa.

TETRA

Mun dauke wasu fannoni na TETRA fasaha. Za mu yi nazarin ta musamman cikakken bayani.

Trunking dangane "Tetra" - wannan, bi da bi, bude sadarwa misali ci gaba da Turai masana. Waje na Turai na dogon lokaci shi ne, ba ma na kowa, amma yanzu amfani da yawa Rasha, Asian kamfanonin, Afirka da kuma Kudu kamfanonin Amirka.

Gaskiya, dauke da misali damar su tabbatar da karfinsu da daban-daban masana'antun da kayan aiki ga trunking sadarwa. Kamfanin na shirin ya nuna da ya dace da na'urorin, dole ne ka, duk da haka, ya zama memba na Mou TETRA, ta haka ne ya tabbatar da shirye don taimakawa wajen ci gaban da wannan fasaha. Mutane da yawa zamani brands samar da kayan aiki ga trunking networks, zo a cikin kungiyar.

Sama mun lura cewa R2 misali damar watsa bayanai a high gudun. Yana yiwuwa, musamman, saboda gaskiyar cewa trunking sadarwar da alaka da fasahar hade tare da salula broadband tashoshi.

A Rasha misali "TETRA" da aka sani a karkashin iri sunan "TETRARUS". Saboda haka, an yi amfani da don gina sadarwa kayayyakin more rayuwa a lokacin gasar wasannin Olympics a Sochi.

APCO 25

Wani rare trunking fasahar sadarwa - APCO 25. Bunƙasa da Association of Sadarwa Services tsaro Tsarin. Headquarters na Tsarin suna located a Amurka, a jihohin Virginia da kuma Florida.

A amfani da wannan misali - a cikin yiwuwar samar sadarwar tashoshi da wani babban matakin tsaro achievable yin amfani da daban-daban da boye-boye fasahar. Wani abun lura alama na APCO ne cewa shi ba ka damar amfani da fadi da kewayon mitoci - daga 139 zuwa 869 MHz. Babban matakin kariya, da samar dace trunking sadarwa tsarin kayyade a high isa bukatar shi daga Rasha na musamman da sabis.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa a Rasha kẽwayãwa da kansa sadarwa nagartacce, aiki a kan ka'idojin da trunking. Su yi amfani da shi ne saboda bukatar don ƙirƙirar musamman abin dogara da kuma amintacce sadarwa kayayyakin more rayuwa. Idan hannu na irin wannan fuskanta da ake amfani trunking sadarwa tsarin da yake a cikin m silahRF. Mutane da yawa daga ãyõyin fasahar amfani a Rasha sojojin, musamman ga bukatun na tsaro da kuma ba su tsara don taro primnenie.

Babban kaya na trunked sadarwa sabis a Rasha

Ka yi la'akari da abin da wasu brands a Rasha isar da sabis ta amfani da fasahar a cikin tambaya.

Famous Rasha sadarwarka trunking sadarwa - kamfanin "RadioTel". Yana yana da ababen more rayuwa ga hade mobile networks a birane tashoshin. Yana kai da mafita ga ayyukan agajin gaggawa, gaggawa, masu zaman kansu da abokan ciniki.

Daya daga cikin mafi girma Rasha trunking sadarwarka - "Tetrasvyaz". Yana ƙware a aiwatar da mafita a cikin TETRA misali a daban-daban yankuna na Rasha. Yana kai da fadi da kewayon ayyuka - daga zane ga trunking cibiyar sadarwa zuwa aiki.

Wani babbar alama a cikin trunking mafita a kasuwa - "Regiontrank". Kamfanin samar da ayyuka, yafi a cikin Moscow yankin, kazalika da a wasu yankuna na Rasha Federation Center. Brand sakawa kanta a matsayin mai bada na mafita saba da jaddadawa na kasuwanci tafiyar matakai musamman kwangilar hukumomi.

Wani sanannun kamfanin, wanda aiki a cikin kashi na trunking fasahar - "Center-Telco". Yana iya lura da cewa, a cikin kayayyakin mafita amfani, aiki a cikin tsarin na EDACS misali.

Yiwuwa ga ci gaban trunking mafita a Rasha

Saboda haka muka koyi cewa wani trunking sadarwa, da ka'idar ginin sadarwa tare da nagartacce. Bari yanzu mu gani abin da masana suka ce game da yiwuwa ga ci gaban da ya dace da mafita a Rasha. Wannan matsala ne mai topic na manyan taro tare da wakilan da Rasha harkokin sadarwa masana'antu - hukumomin, masu samar da sabis da kuma abokan ciniki.

A al'umma yana tattauna fa'idodin da ta dace trunking mafita farko don salula fasaha, kazalika da applicability na data kasance matsayin for data sadarwa a Rasha Federation. Saboda haka, daga cikin masana a fagen mafita a tambaya, kowa ra'ayi, bisa ga abin for Rasha zai zama mafi kyau kawai duk da haka TETRA fasahar - domin kyale ci gaban sadarwa ayyuka a Rasha Federation.

Sama mu lura da cewa shi ne "TETRA" misali da aka zaba domin gina sadarwa na gasar wasannin Olympics a Sochi. Amma a Rasha, ko ta wani hanya, ya wakilci mafi yawan trunking fasahar sadarwa daga waɗanda cewa nema ko'ina a duniya - da kuma cewa ke ba kirgawa musamman soja aukuwa. A manyan yawan da ya dace iri mafita cewa an saka a cikin Rasha Federation, saboda, a sama da dukan, da rashin uniform soma a matakin tarayya, da sharudda ga zabi mafi kyau fasahar dandamali domin ginin trunking kayayyakin more rayuwa.

A ci gaba da jerin irin sadarwa a Rasha iya zama da wuya shubuha ji daga cikin amfanin wadannan yanke shawara na shugabannin sassan, wanda su ne main masu amfani da fasahar tattauna. Domin su shi ne ba ko da yaushe a bayyane magabaci trunking kayayyakin more rayuwa kan cibiyoyin sadarwar salula. Wannan shi ne saboda daban-daban dalilai.

Da farko, da cewa da na'ura na analog trunking sadarwa tsarin, dijital mafita daga cikin dace da irin da ya kamata, kamar yadda mai mulkin, da muhimmanci fiye da tsada fiye da Soup ga yin amfani da salon salula fasaha. A wannan yanayin, hukumomin sau da yawa ba la'akari da bayyane abũbuwan amfãni daga trunking sadarwa - shi ne, a sama da dukan, a yadda ya dace da kuma tsaro na tattaunawar da kuma aika da bayanai. Har ila yau, ainihin halin kaka hade da yin amfani da tarho, a lokacin da alkawari trunking mafita na iya zama da muhimmanci ƙananan fiye da a cikin hali na salon salula sadarwa - tare da dace zane na irin wannan sadarwa.

Shi ne ya kamata a lura da cewa trunking sadarwa manufa ya shafi ba kawai don tabbatar da aiki tattaunawar tsakanin biyan kuɗi. Bisa ga dacewa da fasahar za a iya aiwatar sakawa tsarin abu - a tare da ta GPS-tsarawa, kazalika da ta tracking da kuma kula da cibiyoyin. A lokaci guda a gina dace kayayyakin more rayuwa na iya ba ya bukatar gabatarwar gwada da tsada Duplex mafita - zai iya da kyau tabbatar da isasshen kuma simplex na'urorin. Wannan hanya na aikace-aikace na trunking sadarwa - wani ci gaban factor ban sha'awa a cikin shi daga daban-daban Rasha kamfanoni da hukumomin.

summary

Saboda haka muka koyi cewa wani trunking fasahar, dauke da babban sadarwar matsayin, m to su. Babban masu amfani da dacewa yanke shawara - Rasha musamman sabis, hukumomi Tsarin, babban kasuwanci. A Rasha sojojin raka'a amfani trunking sadarwa tsarin, musamman ga soja ayyuka - gated.

Babban abũbuwan amfãni wanda faye hali fasahar: data musayar yadda ya dace, tsaro bayani, babban gudun watsa bayanai (a cikin hali na ci-gaba dijital nagartacce), da ikon gina cibiyoyin sadarwa a babban sikelin - bayar da yin amfani da high da kuma bayar a wani isasshen adadin tushe tashoshin.

A trunking networks da yawa a cikin na kowa da salon salula - aiki a cikin matsananci-short iyaka, da ikon aika saƙonnin rubutu tsakanin na'ura, da kuma samun damar Intanit lokacin amfani na dacewa da na'urorin. Hardware mafita amfani a cikin trunking kayayyakin more rayuwa, yawanci mafi tsada. Amma su aiwatar gyara abokin ciniki kamfanin iya ajiye da yawa - da farko a kan zirga-zirga.

A duniya da sanya quite a yawan trunking sadarwa nagartacce. A Rasha da Turai, da mafi m fasaha ne halin da "TETRA" a Amurka - APCO. Duk da yake a Rasha tare da wasu mataki na aiki ne da hannu mafi daga cikin duniya trunking nagartacce.

Yiwuwa ga dace da irin connection a Rasha Federation ne sun fi mayar dogara a kan abin da irin fasahar za a soma a matsayin abu - a kalla a cikin mafi yankuna na kasar. Akwai filaye ce cewa, babban misali zai kasance har yanzu "TETRA" - kamar yadda mafi dace da Rasha dangane da takamaiman ci gaba da harkokin sadarwa kasuwar a kasar.

Sauran manyan yanayin ga nasara ci gaban wannan fasahar yankunan kamar yadda trunking sadarwa a Rasha Federation - kiwon da matakin na ilimi da kuma iyawa management sassan, wanda su ne ainihin da yuwuwar amfani da dacewa yanke shawara. Duk da yake mutane da yawa abũbuwan amfãni daga cikin Tsarin ikon karkashin shawara na fasaha Concepts - ba a bayyane yake. Amma, ba shakka, da trunking mafita a cikin Rasha Federation - na da mabukaci, da kuma sun riga sun sosai rayayye amfani. A Rasha soma dokokin hukumar da amfani da fasahar dace tsaro da sabis. Saboda haka, a matakin doka tsari a Rasha Federation halitta yanayi na ci gaban trunking sadarwa.

Hakika, yana iya zama dole wajen samar da kuma dauko sauran shari'a ayyukan, da sakamako daga wanda zai ma tambaya da yakin Sphere - amma a cikin hali na amfani da kasuwanci al'umma da kuma manyan cibiyoyin, wanda zai iya sa ran dacewa manufofi a matakin hukumar ikon Tsarin.

Gabancin dauke da fasahar a cikin Rasha Federation za a iya gano su fadada daga cikin ikon yinsa, daga aikace-aikace, kazalika da a kyautata na hardware da software actuated domin tabbatar da aiki da trunking kayayyakin more rayuwa.