Yadda za a yi girma tumatir seedlings

Tumatir - daya daga cikin albarkatun kayan lambu da suka fi yaduwa da yawa, ba lambun guda guda a kasar ko aikin gona ba na iya yin ba tare da noma wadannan tsire-tsire masu ban mamaki ba. A wa] anda ke da ciwo mai tsanani da tsawo, ba tare da yin amfani da su ba, ba za su iya yiwuwa su yi girma ba - gagarumar rani a lokacin rani don girkewa da tsayi na tsawon girma.

Yadda to girma seedlings na tumatir, kafin su sami m amfanin gona fi so kayan lambu?

Frosts zai iya kasancewa a farkon rabin Yuni da farkon watan Satumba, kuma idan matasan tumatir ba su mutu daga sanyi ba, sa'an nan daga bisani, ci gaban zai ragu kuma yawan amfanin ƙasa zai sauke. Sabili da haka, kullum suna ƙoƙari su samar da mafi girma yawan karuwa a cikin seedlings da kuma dasa shuki a cikin greenhouses ko bude ƙasa ya rigaya a mataki na farkon flowering.

Noma na tsire-tsire na tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tsire-tumatir na farawa cikin watan Janairu-Fabrairun, a watan Maris - matsakaici- da farkon farawa, a cikin ƙasa ana shuka yawanci watanni biyu bayan girbi iri.

Shirye-shiryen kwantena

A ƙarƙashin akwati don seedlings zaka iya amfani da kwantena daban-daban: filastik gilashin da aka yarwa, filaye filastik tare da wuyansa a wuyansa ko wasu kayan kwantena. Yanayin da ba za a iya buƙata shi ne gaban ramukan tsawa don kawar da ruwa mai yawa.

Tsarin shirye

Tsaba don shuka dole ne a ware ta hanyar cire mafi ƙanƙanci, ana gwajin gwajin germination kamar haka: tsaba suna nutse a cikin bayani na gishiri gishiri na minti daya. Bazawar da ba'a iya fitowa a sama ba, dace da shuka zai nutse. Sa'an nan kuma a wanke tsaba a ruwa mai tsabta kuma a zubar da shi a cikin wani bayani mai rauni na potassium permanganate don kare seedlings daga cututtuka. Tsaba shuka a cikin bayani na mintina 15 bayan wankewa cikin ruwa, daban-daban a cikin girman tsaba ana shuka a cikin kwantena.

Shuka

Bai isa ba kawai su san yadda za girma kyau seedlings na tumatir. A wannan yanayin, ana buƙatar wasu kwarewa don samar da mafitaccen haɗin gwangwani - porous da sako-sako da ƙasa tare da isasshen ruwan inji da rashin iska, rashin pathogens, weeds da cututtuka masu cutarwa. Ɗaya daga cikin bambance-bambancen na mafi kyawun ƙasa zai iya zama: humus ko takin -45%, turf land - 50%, kuma mullein-5%.

Shirye cakuda da aka cika a wani akwati Layer na 10cm pre disinfect su a cikin wani bayani na Bleach - 100 g ta 1 lita na ruwa. An laka ƙasa, shayar da alama tare da nisa tsakanin layuka na 4-5 cm, a jere da tsaba an shuka a cikin 1-2 cm tare da zurfin 1.5 cm. Ya kamata a lura da zurfin shuka, wannan factor kuma yana shafar lokaci da ci gaba da harbe.

A cikin dakin da zazzabi na 20-26 digiri, tsaba suna ci gaba da tsawon kwanaki 4-5, sa'annan ana sanya akwatunan a kan windowsills. Don karfafa seedlings, suna bukatar a rufe su da fim. Mafi yawan zafin jiki na harbe ita ce rana 14-16 digiri da dare 12 -14. Ci gaba da tushen tsarin yana faruwa a hankali a ƙananan zafin jiki, kuma tsire-tsire suna canzawa zuwa cin gashin kanta don ciyar da asalinsu. Bayan kwanaki 6-7, lokacin da seedlings suka fi karfi, za'a iya tasirin zazzabi a cikin rana zuwa 18-22 °, da dare - har zuwa 15-16 °.

Tsarin itatuwa

Mu fitar da siffa yadda za girma seedlings na tumatir. Yanzu game da karba. Ana rarrabe shi a cikin kwanaki 25-30 daga lokacin fitowar, yawanci bayan da aka samu leaflet na biyu. Sa'a daya kafin a ɗauka, akwatin da sprouts an yalwata da ruwa mai dumi, sa'annan a yi ta motsa rai tare da sanda ko teaspoon, ba tare da cire shi ba. Tsire-tsire suna ƙin yarda, cire masu rauni da marasa ciwo tare da kafa baki. Ana iya barin ruwan magani kamar yadda ya rigaya, an yi ta karami, an sanya wani ciki tare da yatsan kuma an sanya shukar seedling, don haka an rufe karar da rabi daga tushen tushen zuwa ganyayyaki. Bayan kwanaki 10-12 a cikin akwati ƙara cakuda mai tsanani yashi da ƙasa ga 2 cm a cikin wani rabo na 1: 1. Amma tare da nutsewar weaker seedlings, kana bukatar ka jira har sai da ci gaban 3-4 ganye. Za a iya tsintar da tsire-tsire a bayyanar da ganye 3-4, ta wannan lokaci mabanin zai bayyana kanta.

Kula

Wani muhimmin shawara yadda za a shuka seedlings tumatir. Wani lokaci mai mahimmanci shine kulawa da tsirrai. A ko'ina cikin tsari, nan gaba girma na seedling tumatir bukatar mafi kyau duka yanayi na ci gaban: tsanaki watering, barga zazzabi, hardening da kuma miya da takin mai magani. Amma karin takin ƙwarewa ba zai kawo ba, shuka zai jawo kuma ya fita.

Ruwa da tsire-tsire sau 2 a cikin kwanaki 5-7 don gilashi guda ɗaya da shuka, bayan bayyanar sautin na biyar, ana ƙara yawan ruwa, an bada shawara don shayar da shi da ruwan zafi a cikin safiya. Bayan kwanaki 10-12, ana ciyar da tsire-tsire, na farko an ciyar da shi kwanaki 12 bayan ɗaukar. An yi lita 10 lita na ruwa guda 1 na taki "GASKIYA-1" kuma yana cinye 3-4 seedlings na gilashin 1. An yi gyaran gyare-gyare na karshe a kwanaki biyar kafin a dasa tumatir a ƙasa.

Har ila yau, kokarin ƙoƙarin gano yadda za a shuka tumatir seedlings, kana buƙatar kulawa da wahalarta, bar shi a kan baranda ko gidan waya, da hanzari da tsire-tsire zuwa haske. Na farko, suna fitar da tsire-tsire da safe, da maraice, sannan su bar su a rana, kuma idan babu sanyi, to, da dare.

Don dasa shuki seedlings, da seedlings dole ne karfi, da 7-8 ganye da kuma ci gaba da tushen tsarin. Dole ne a san cewa tsire-tsire masu girma, ko da a cikin ƙasa mafi kyau, ba zai haifar da kyakkyawar ƙwaya ba.

An gabatar da hankali zuwa ga mahimman bayani na yadda ake girma seedlings tumatir ga yankuna tare da yanayi mara kyau.