Yawan jama'a da kuma yankin na Novosibirsk yankin. A birnin Novosibirsk Region

A kudu na Yammacin Siberia located Novosibirsk yankin da ke da iyaka da Altai ƙasa, Omsk, Tomsk, kuma Kemerovo yankuna, da kuma shi ne ma daya daga cikin iyakar yankunan, gefe da gefe da Kazakhstan.

A tarihin Novosibirsk Region

Novosibirsk yankin da aka kafa a 1937, amma da ci gaban da yankin ya faru tun kafin da samuwar. A daban-daban tono kasusuwan, masana kimiyya sun yi zaton farko da bayyanar mutum ya mayar a cikin Paleolithic zamanin, wanda nasa ne da Stone Age an samu.

A hankali ƙware da ƙasa, kuma jama'ar na Novosibirsk yankin a tsakiyar zamanai kasance Turkic mutãnensu, karkashin jagorancin khans. A 13-15 ƙarni na yankin da aka gabashin karkata daga cikin Golden taro, da kuma kadan daga baya - Siberian Khanate.

Kawai a cikin tsakiyar karni 17th, bisa ga masana kimiyya da dama, yankin suka lugar Rasha, da kuma wani wuri a shekarar 1644, ya kafa kauyen Maslyanino. A hankali da Novosibirsk yankin fara fadada yankin, ta hanyar gina kauyuka, gidãje, mata kagarai da Hijira, a lokacin da kasada na makiyaya rage.

Kafin 1921 yankin kamar yadda irin wannan bai wanzu, tun da shi ne wani ɓangare na Tomsk lardin, m da shi shi ne wani ɓangare Novonikolayevsk lardin, Siberian yankin, da West Siberian yankin. Kawai a 1937 gefen kasu kashi biyu: da Novosibirsk yankin da kuma Altai Abuja.

yankin

Yau, shi ne daya daga cikin mafi girma da Rasha Federation. A yankin na Novosibirsk yankin ne 177 dubu sq. Km, ya mamaye da 18th wuri a cikin dukan Rasha yankuna da 6th matsayi a cikin Siberian Tarayya District bayan da Krasnoyarsk Territory, da Irkutsk yankin, da sauransu. Yana lullube daga arewa zuwa kudu ne 444 km, daga gabas zuwa yamma - 642 km.

yawan

The yawan Novosibirsk yankin a kan lissãfi ga 2013 ya 2.7 mutane miliyan. Mafi yawan - ne birane mazauna, amma wajen 77%, don haka da yawan yawa ne 15.2 mutane. da sq. km. 90% na yawan - Rasha, kamar yadda wakilta irin al'ummai, Jamus, Ukrainians, da sauransu. Ya kamata a lura cewa wannan yanki da aka urbanized, wanda ke nufin cewa game da 60% live in Novosibirsk, 17% - a wasu birane, kuma kawai 23% - a cikin garuruwa, kauyuka da birane ƙauyuka.

Birane da garuruwa

A birnin Novosibirsk yankin - shi ne kawai 15 batutuwa. Novosibirsk an dauki mafi girma, tare da yawan mutane miliyan 1.5, kuma Berdsk tare da wani yawan game da dubu 100. Man, Iskitim, Kuibyshev, da sauransu, inda adadi ba ya wuce dubu 30. Man.

A mafi tsoho biranen su ne Kargath da Berdsk, wanda ya bayyana a cikin farkon 18th karni, kuma ƙarami - da Likitan mata, kafa a 1934. Sha'awa, da gari ne mai suna bayan da babban yanki na Kogin, amma waterway ne da nisan kilomita 15.

Duk da cewa da yawan jama'a a cikin mafi yawan rai a birane a yankin ma yana da 30 administrative gundumomi da kuma 17 a birane-type ƙauyuka. Village na Novosibirsk yankin na da tarihi, da kuma wasu daga cikinsu suna da dama ƙarni. Daya daga cikin shahararrun aka dauke Kolyvan, inda game da dubu 12. Mutane, yana da wani arziki tarihi (records na shi kwanan baya zuwa shekara 1797). Akwai mace Alexander Nevsky sufi, daya daga biyu a cikin dukan yankin. Village ko gamsu, inda game 7 dubu. Mutane. An yi imani da cewa shi aka kafa a 1703, ko da yake kwanan wata aka tambaye ta. Kusa da kauyen akwai wani sanatorium, wanda shi ne tushe da magani da kuma rigakafin gastrointestinal fili (gina a 1965).

Kuibyshev: Novosibirsk yankin

Daya daga cikin manyan biranen, ban da Novosibirsk, sami Kuibyshev, inda game da 45 dubu. Mutane. A birnin da aka kafa a 1722 a matsayin soja USAID da hari makiyaya da kuma kira Kainsk cewa yana nufin a fassara daga harshen Baraba Tatars "Birch". Tuni a 1743, lokacin da coci da aka gina, an yanke shawarar yin amfani da wannan yanki a matsayin wani shiri, kuma ta hankali kumbura. A shekarar 1935 a garin da aka sake masa suna Kuibyshev. Novosibirsk yankin, sauya sake a 1937, ya karbi a cikin mambobin wannan birni, wanda shi ne kamar wata shekaru canja da sunan da ya Kuibyshev da Kuibyshev, amma ƙarshe koma ga na farko version.

Domin fiye da shekaru 80 an gina dama makarantu da sakandare cibiyoyin ilmi, bude nama Distillery, kankare kayayyakin shuka da kuma dinki factory.

Babban jan hankali ne coci na St Yahaya Maibaftisma, gina a 1904, da daya ne kawai da ta tsira a kan shekaru na Soviet iko. Har ila yau, National Tarihi Museum, wanda aka bude a 1988, da kuma da dama daga birni al'adu cibiyoyin.

Nature da Climate

A yankin na Novosibirsk yankin ne babban isa. An ayi a Siberia, amma tare da wani fairly temperate sauyin yanayi inda da lokacin bazaar ne zafi da kuma winters ne sanyi. Akwai wani mahaukaci sanyi weather, kamar yadda a mafi yawan Yammacin kuma Eastern Siberia, amma wata rana da aka rubuta -51 °.

Part na yankin rufe boreal gandun daji (wajen, 1/5), wanda girma nau'in bishiyoyi kamar Pine, fir, Pine, Birch, kuma yana da natsuwa da duwãtsu. A yankin ne mai arziki a cikin albarkatun ma'adinai, ciki har da man fetur, da kwal, a canza launin ores, marmara da zinariya.

Babban kududdufai na Novosibirsk yankin - kogi Likitan mata da Om da Novosibirsk tafki, ko kamar yadda shi ne ake kira, da Likitan mata Sea.

A yankin janyo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa da ta sosai yanayi da kuma gaban thermal marẽmari da laka adibas, don haka ne ya bude da yawa sanatoriums kuma kwana gidaje, inda mutane zo shakata da kuma warkar.

tattalin arzikin

A yankin na Novosibirsk yankin, idan aka kwatanta da batutuwa na Yammacin kuma Eastern Siberia, da kananan, amma shi ne ya fi girma fiye da Denmark, Belgium, da Netherlands da kuma Switzerland a hade, da kuma wannan damar da shi wajen raya tattalin arzikinta a fagage daban-daban kama daga tattalin arziki da kuma kawo karshen tare da ecotourism.

Menene ban sha'awa - da babban albashi zo da sabis na kansu, lissafin kudi don 60% na GDP, 24% na masana'antu da kuma noma da 6-7%, wanda ke nufin cewa ci gaban da kasashen waje zuba jari na karuwa ne, na nuna cewa yankin ta kasance kyawawa.

A ƙasa ne mai arziki a cikin ma'adanai, da kuma shi ne bude 523 ajiya, game da 80 na abin da suke a halin yanzu a amfani. Well-ɓullo da masana'antu kamar inji gini, da sinadaran da kuma itace masana'antu, ferrous da nonferrous metallurgy, samar da gine kayan.

A noma, yafi tsunduma a kiwo na shanu, da na tumaki, da kaji, kazalika da girma flax.

Its rabo a cikin ci gaban yankin da kuma gabatar da man fetur da makamashi a cikin nau'i na man fetur da kuma ci masana'antu.

Dukan manyan garin Novosibirsk yankin taimaka ga ci gaban yankin. Ba kawai Novosibirsk - tsakiyar dukan tattalin arzikin, amma kuma zuwa Kuibyshev, kuma Berdsk da Iskitim.

Lantarki da Administration

Novosibirsk Region Administration na da majalisu da kuma zartarwa ikon, kuma tsaye a kai na gwamna. Domin duk lokacin da ya 5. Suna zabe da mutane da kuma shugaban} asa a cikin shekaru bayan samuwar na Rasha gwamnonin.

A dukan ƙasar da aka raba administrative raka'a, da suka hada da 15 birane, ciki har da 8 na su ne na yankin mika wuya 30 administrative gundumomi, 17 garuruwa, da 428 a yankunan karkara gwamnatoci.

Novosibirsk yankin - daya daga cikin mafi m batutuwa a Yammacin Siberia ta hanyar shi ne muhimmin kai Dandali, akwai 11 da filayen jiragen sama (Tolmachevo ne na duniya). Yana da muhimmanci kuma reluwe mikewa a kan 1,500 km.

Kowa ya sani cewa shi ne kuma cibiyar kimiyya da ilimi, da gaban Akademgorodok, inda akwai da dama, na cibiyoyin bincike, wanda, ba shakka, karfafa gwamnati na Novosibirsk yankin. Yana janyo hankalin sabon ma'aikatan, suka yi aiki a Jami'ar Jihar, Physics da lissafi School, Cibiyar nukiliya Physics, a tsakiyar virology da kuma fasahar binciken halittu da kuma sauran kimiyya cibiyoyin.