Zurfin Neva a St. Petersburg. Description na kogin, ban sha'awa facts

Neva - daya daga cikin mafi majestic, babban da fadi da waɗansu kõguna na Rasha. Its tarihi lullube daga zamanin da. Menene zurfin kogin? Neva a Peter yana da wani daban-daban zurfin a wasu yankunan. Sau da yawa kandami da kuma canza ta da nisa. Saboda haka Neva - mafi m, a cikin duniya daga cikin kogin. Wani lokaci saboda irin hawa da sauka tsayayya headwind zama da wuya sosai.

A tarihin kogin

A zurfin na Neva kogin ya canjãwa duk lokacin da a cikin shakka daga cikin tarihin na tafki. Alal misali, yankin Neja Delta na kogin a cikin karni na 19th da 48 tashoshi da kuma tashoshi da cewa kafa tsibirin 101. A cikin karni na 20th akwai wani akan rage kamar kududdufai. A sakamakon haka, akwai kawai 41 tsibirin. A zamanin da a kan site na Neva yana da wani ruwa tare waha kuma a rufe Ancylus Lake. Kuma kusa da kogin Tosna.

Neva zurfin fara dauki siffar tare da zuwan kandami. Yana duk fara da nasara watershed. Ladoga ruwa kai da Gulf of Finland. Sa'an nan, game da 4,500 da suka wuce, shi ya kafa Neva. Pond ranked a cikin matasa. A karshe shaci kogi ya dauki kawai 2,500 da suka wuce.

A shi ne a hanya da Vikings ga Helenawa. Neva aka ambata a cikin Life of Alexander Nevsky. Coastal ƙasar kogin sau da yawa canza masu. A 18th karni, kandami ya zama wani ɓangare na Rasha Empire. A 1912, Neva (Peter) zurfin, wanda yanzu kai har zuwa 24 mita, ya quite kananan. Kuma kawai shekaru 50 daga baya ya fara karuwa a cikin dabi'u. Musamman a source na ruwa jiki.

Description of tafki

Neva Length - 74 kilomita, na da 32 kilomita ne a kan ƙasa na St. Petersburg. A talakawan nisa daga cikin kandami -. 200 zuwa 400 m A mafi mahimmin juzu'in kai 1250 mita. Wannan sashe na kogin Neva aka located a ƙofofin, a yankin Neja Delta. A narrowest nisa -. 210 m, a source na Ivanovsky sashen kogin da kuma Cape yuletide.

Menene zurfin na Neva? Yana dabam, dangane da yankin inda da wani ɓangare na tafki. Alal misali, a Ivanovsky Rapids kogin kai zurfin mita hudu, yayin da Foundry Bridge - to ashirin da hudu mita. Banks na Neva tafi zurfi a cikin dama, amma ba su kasance sosai m. Saboda wannan ruwa tasoshin iya zo kusa zuwa ga tudu da daji.

Yankin na Neva - 281 000 murabba'in kilomita. A kan ƙasa da tafki yana da 50,000 da tabkuna da kuma 60,000 na gudãna daga ƙarƙashinsu da a total tsawon na 160 kilomita dubu. Neva fãra daga Shlisselburgskaya lebe. Sa'an nan kuma, kogin, kai da Gulf of Finland, Forms manyan Delta. A bakin Neva River ne St. Petersburg. Saboda da kogin birni, da ciwon jam'i na tashoshi, da ake kira "Venice na Arewa".

Gwargwadon siffofin

Neva - kadai kogin sunã gudãna daga Lake Ladoga. A widest Delta - a yankin na tashar jiragen ruwa. Wannan darajar da ya rage hanya zuwa yankin inda kawo karshen Ivanovo sashen kogin. Kuma ma, inda p. Cramped gudana a cikin Neva. A narrowest wuri shi - a farkon Ivanovsky sashen kogin. Akwai nisa daga cikin kogin kawai 210 mita. Na biyu bottleneck ne tsakanin gadoji da kuma Palace Laftanar Schmidt. Akwai nisa daga Neva kawai 340 mita. Idan muka dauki a general sharuddan, da talakawan - daga 400 zuwa 600 mita.

A zurfin na Neva a St. Petersburg dabam dangane da wuri. A kan talakawan, wannan darajar - daga 8-11 mita. A mafi zurfi ma'ana - 24 mita. Kuma mafi ƙasƙanci rate - hudu mita. A tsawo daga cikin tekun - daga 5 zuwa 6 mita, da kuma a cikin bakinka - na 2 zuwa 3 mita. M rairayin bakin teku, da barin hankali a karkashin ruwa, in kogin Neva kusan babu.

Waha da aikin gandu

A yankin na kogin kwari na game da 5000 murabba'in kilomita. Amma wannan shi ne ba tare da ciki har da darajar Ladoga da Onega tabkuna. Idan ka dauki darajar da su, da Neva River yanki ne 281.000 murabba'in kilomita. Babban dama aikin gandu - Black River da kuma Okhta. A gefen hagu:

• Slavyanka.
• Murzinka.
• Tosna.
• Izhora.
• Mga.

gadoji

A Neva kusan duk gadoji - m. Wannan mataki ne da za'ayi a dare, domin da nassi na ruwa tasoshin. A total na goma sha uku Neva drawbridges, goma na wanda an tashi kullum. Wannan ne yake aikata bisa ga wani takamaiman jadawalin. A shekara ta 2004, na farko da kuma kawai gyarawa gadoji bude. Ya aka mai suna Big Obukhov. Its tsawon - 2824 mita.

zamani Neva

A shekara ta 2004, shi ya bude wani sabon gada fadin Neva River a kan Zobe Road. A shekarar 2007 aka kaddamar a "twin" wuraren commissioning. Kuma a watan Janairu na wannan shekara a kan shi da aka bude don zirga-zirga. A mafi girma zurfin da Neva ne ashirin da hudu mita. Kuma a wani wuri da tafki ne ba manyan Shoals. A Neve kafa fasinja ruwa kai. More sau da yawa fiye da ba kan kandami iyo yawon shakatawa boats.

Don kwanan wata, daya daga cikin manyan dalilai na kogin ne ruwa na St. Petersburg da kuma makiyayarta. Wadannan bukatun Neva bar game da kashi 95% ruwa. Ta hankali sarrafa at biyar daga cikin birni waterworks.

Fishing a kan Neva

A Neve gida kamun kifi. Gulf of Finland da ke a spawning smelt. Kuma a saman da Neva daidai kama kifi. Masunta zaba Kutuzov Embankment. A wannan lokaci, za ka iya kama Arctic char, bano, kifi da kuma Chub. A madadin Lieutenant Schmidt Embankment kama:

• sturgeon.
• rafin kifi .
• Grayling.
• kifi.
• Pike.
• bream.
• burbot.
• Som.

Kuma rare wurare a yankin ne masunta Bitrus da Bulus sansanin soja da kuma Pirogovskaya embankment. Wani lokaci, kama wani sosai babban kifi. Pike fyauce zuwa 15 kg, kuma perches - 8 kg.

ban sha'awa facts

An fara tare da 1895-1910 biennium. kankara a Neva River aiki a matsayin wani hunturu Ferry cewa alaka da Vasilevsky Island tare da sauran gundumomi na St. Petersburg. Kuma a cikin 1936, da kogi da aka spanned da wani karfafa kankare gada. Ya aka mai suna Volodarsky.

Domin Neva halayyar ba kawai na White Nights, amma kuma ambaliyar. A lokacin shiri na St. Petersburg flooded birni aka dauke Allah azãba da azaba. Kuma a cikin tarihin gaya mana cewa ruwa ya tashi zuwa 25 ƙafafunsa. Ga wani dogon lokaci ba shi yiwuwa mu kafa dalili da wannan mamaki. A yi na canals don ba da damar ruwa su shiga cikin ducts.

A sakamakon haka, da zurfin da Neva kogin ne kullum canja. The ruwa matakin a lokacin da aka rage. Excavated ƙasa da aka yi amfani da tushe na gine-gine. A 1777, Neva ya yaɗu sosai, sa'an nan ya fara gina ducts. Amma wadannan tashoshi a kan ruwa matakin ba ƙwarai shafa da kuma karfe a cikin babban kai jijiyoyi.

Kawai a cikin marigayi 19th karni, masana kimiyya sun iya gano dalilin da ambaliyar ruwa. Sai ya juya daga cewa babban taguwar ruwa na Baltic Sea fada cikin Neva da kuma ta da ta matakin na biyu da rabi mita. Kuma lokacin da iska da kuma yi har zuwa hudu mita. Saboda haka Neva zurfin dogara a kan al'amurra da dama. Don kare St. Petersburg daga catastrophic ambaliyar ruwa a shekarar 1979, da gina madatsar ruwan ya fara.

Ta je ta Kronstadt, da kuma alaka da tekun na Gulf. Amma yi da aka jimawa a lokacin da aka daskarewa. Ba isasshen kudi. Kuma farkon dam ana kammala kawai a 2006 da aka sa a cikin aiki, a 2011. Yanzu, har ma a lokacin da Neva yakan wani m hudu mita, Saint-Petersburg birni ya zauna a karkashin kariya. A dam aka tsara tada ruwa matakin har zuwa biyar mita.