Ƙarfin haɓakar ruwa

Hydrostatics yana daya daga cikin sassan jirgin ruwa wanda ke nazarin tsarin ma'auni na ruwa da kuma matsa lamba da ke faruwa a cikin ruwa a kan sassa daban-daban.

Dandalin lantarki shine ainihin mahimmanci a hydrostatics. Bari muyi la'akari da girman karfin ruwa a ma'auni. A cikin wannan rukunin, yi alama da ma'anar A kuma ta hankali ya raba shi cikin rabi ta jirgin sama da ke wucewa ta hanyar A. A cikin wannan jirgin sama, zaɓi yankin tare da yankin S da cibiyar a batu na A. Mun cire rabin rabi na ƙara kuma maye gurbin ƙarfin da ya yi aiki a kan sauran sauran ƙararrawa ta hanyar tayar da karfi F. Saboda haka, ruwa a rabi na biyu zai kasance a hutawa.

A yanzu mun fara rage yankin S har ma batun A yana cikin ciki. Tare da isasshen isasshen, ma'anar A ta dace daidai da dandamali S. Kuma matsa lamba a maimaita A za a ƙaddara ta hanyar dabarar P (A) = lim dF / dS don dS yana ɓata zuwa ba kome.

Sa'an nan kuma matsa lamba da aka yi a kan kushin S zai zama daidai da nauyin matsalolin da aka yi a kan dukkanin abubuwan da ke cikin wannan farfajiyar. Wato, a wasu kalmomi: p = F / S. Matsalar hydrostatic tana da darajar daidai da maƙasudin rarraba ikon F ta yankin S.

Dalilin matsa lamba na hydrostatic shine: nauyin ruwa da kanta da kuma matsa lamba da ake amfani da ita a cikin ruwa. Sabili da haka, matsa lamba da ruwa ya haifar da kanta da kuma matsar da waje sune nauyin hydrostatic. Idan an sanya ruwa a cikin piston, kuma ana amfani da wasu karfi a gare shi, to, ta halitta, matsa lamba a cikin ruwa zai kara. A karkashin yanayi na al'ada, ruwa yana matsawa ta matsa lamba. Idan matsa lamba a kan fuskar ruwa yana ƙasa da matsin yanayi, to, ana kiran wannan matsa lamba matsa lamba.

The ruwa ne a ma'auni idan duk da matsin sojojin aiki a kan wani isasshe karamin girma na ruwa, suna daidaita da juna.

Bari muyi la'akari da matsa lamba na hydrostatic da dukiyarsa:

• Ga duk wani abu wanda aka ɗauka a cikin ruwa, ana daukar nau'in motsi na hydrostatic a ciki da girmansa kuma ya danganta da yankin da aka ƙayyade cikin ƙarar.

Bari mu tabbatar da wannan dukiya: tsammanin kusurwar da aka yi amfani da karfi a wani yanki ba kai tsaye ba ne. Muna wakiltar karfi F kamar yadda P (na al'ada), P (tangent). Yi la'akari da cewa abin da ya dace ba daidai ba ne, sa'an nan kuma ƙarƙashin rinjayarsa dole ne ruwa ya gudana tare da wani abu wanda ba ya so, amma ya tsaya a wani batu. Saboda haka taƙaitawa yana nuna cewa tangent zero ne kuma tasirin matsa lamba yana faruwa daidai da yankin. An tabbatar da dukiya.

• Matsalar hydrostatic ita ce daidai a duk hanyoyi.

Bari mu tabbatar da wannan dukiya hydrostatic matsa lamba: ka zaɓa wani sabani allo ruwa tetrahedron, biyu na wanda yayi daidai da jirgin tsara jirage, da kuma na uku da aka zaba siddan. A tushe samu a dama alwatika. Ayyukan ruwa a kan kowane fuska an nuna shi ne ta hanyar: X * (P), Y * (P), Z * (P) Rashin ruwa yana cikin ma'auni, sabili da haka sakamakon jimillar duka shine 0.

E * (x) = 0

X * (P) dz -E * (P) na zunubi a = 0,

E * (y) = 0, E * (z) = 0

Z * (P) dx -E * (P) de cos a = 0

Babu shakka dz = de sin a, dx = de cos a

Daga wannan: X * (P) = E * (P), Z * (P) = E * (P)

Ayyuka: X * (P) = Y * (P) = Z * (P) = E * (P)

An tabbatar da dukiya. Tun lokacin da aka zaba fuska a fili, wannan daidaitattun abu ne na kowane hali.

• Matsakanin hydrostatic ya bambanta a kai tsaye zuwa zurfin. Tare da kara zurfin, matsa lamba a ma'ana zai kara, kuma tare da rage zurfin zurfi - karuwa.

Duk wani nau'i na ruwa a cikin ma'auni ya dace da daidaitattun: j + p / g = j (o) + p (o) / g = H, inda j shine daidaitaccen ma'anar, j (O) shine daidaitaccen yanayin ruwa, p da P (o) shi ne tsawo na ginshiƙai, g shine takamaiman nauyin ruwa, kuma H shine rufin hydrostatic.

A sakamakon sauyawa, mun sami: p = p (o) + g [j (0) -j] ko p = p (o) + gh

Inda h shine zurfin nutsewa da wani batu, kuma gh ba nauyin nauyin wani shafi na ruwa daidai a tsawo h kuma yana da yanki a cikin yanki. An kira wannan magungunan hydrostatic matsa lamba Pascal's Law.