Ƙirƙira pistons for daban-daban da mota brands

Mutane da yawa daga cikin fasahar canjawa wuri zuwa ga mota masana'antu na motorsport. Akwai amfani da mafita da kuma cikakken bayani ana dauke a matsayin AMINCI da wasan kwaikwayon na samfurori, kamar ƙirƙira pistons. Avtotehnologiya dogara ne a kan yin amfani da sassan data dangantaka da yin amfani da model wasa yanke shawara a farar hula motoci.

definition

Pistons an gabatar bushings m, motsi tsaye cikin Silinda da compresses da man fetur-iska cakuda. Bisa ga fasahar wadannan sassa ne zuwa kashi simintin kuma aikata baƙin ƙarfe. Bari mu bincika su daki-daki.

Features na aiki

A pistons na farko da irin da aka saka a kan mafi motoci, kamar yadda su ne da bayyana kansu a yau da kullum aiki da kuma isa ga mafi yawan masu amfani 'bukatun. Ƙirƙira pistons an tsara aiki a high lodi, saboda haka suna amfani a kan wasanni da kuma racing motoci. Wancan ne, tsarin da kuma siffofin da wani ba bangaren ne m dogara ne a kan yanayin da aiki.

A mafi maida aiki a kan pistons a lokacin engine aiki factor ne zazzabi. Yana take kaiwa zuwa fadada daga cikin karfe, wadanda ba uniform: shi ne mafi pronounced layi daya da axis na fistan fil da kuma ƙananan a haɗa sanda oscillation jirgin sama. A sakamakon haka, m lamba na fistan da Silinda, game da shi, accelerating da lalacewa. A cikin matsanancin, akwai bullies da aka ambata bayani ansu rubuce-rubucen, inda da engine ne makale.

Bugu da kari, da pistons shafi da karfi na inertia da matsa lamba da generated da gas a cikin Silinda.

samar da fasaha

Kamar yadda sunan ya nuna, domin yi na simintin pistons fasahar amfani karfe zaben 'yan wasa. A amfani da aluminum-silicon gami da fara abu. An sanya a cikin matrix, bada wani m siffar. The part aka gyara domin Silinda. Siket sa mafi kyau duka ganga-siffa. Don a tabbatar da juriya ga high yanayin zafi da aka cika ciki da fistan termokompensiruyuschimi karfe abun da ake sakawa

A bambanci, simintin, ƙirƙira pistons samar da stamping fasaha. Aiwatar da ruwa ko isothermal hanyoyin.

A cikin farko idan da matrix da aka cika da narkakkar azurfa kuma deforming shi a wani gudun da naushi. Kamar wancan shirye high quality-preform. Its karshe magani ne da za'ayi mechanically.

Domin isothermal stamping fasahar yin amfani da preformed sassa. Suna shirya daga sanda kunsha na silicon-arziki aluminum, crimped ta mutu da damar don inganta tsarin na karfe ta cire pores. Bugu da ari, a cikin matrix mai tsanani zuwa 450 ° C da blank aka niƙe ta amfani da na'ura mai aiki da karfin ruwa manema gudun Hanyar. Wannan fasahar kunshi a da ake ji da matrix da wani karfi na 250 ton, yayin da rike da zazzabi a wani m matakin. A sakamakon haka ne a daidai high quality-sassa.

Babban sigogi

Domin a dace zabi na sassa a mota a karkashin shawara da sigogi dangantaka tare da engine halaye. Wadannan ne babban halaye na ƙirƙira pistons:

1. Engine model. A mafi sauki hanyar sami sassa dangane da engine daga cikin iri, kamar yadda masana'antun yawanci nuna irin kayayyakin karkashin wasu engine model. Duk da haka, ka tuna cewa, a wannan yanayin, suna tsara don stock injuna. Wannan shi ne, idan ka canza wani daga cikin engine sigogi, kamar gundura cylinders, pistons aka tsara don shi zai yi aiki ba. Sa'an nan kuma suna zaba ta hanyar wasu sigogi (a wannan yanayin, na farko, a kan size).
2. Girman. A lokacin da zabi abubuwa wajibi ne don danganta wa] annan su tare da diamita daga cikin Silinda huda a view of thermal bazuwa.
3. A mataki na matsawa. The fasaha sigogi na pistons nuna takamaiman darajar wannan index ga wanda aka yi nufi. Idan engine ba Stock, shi dole ne ma a yi la'akari.
4. Weight. Muhimmancin wannan siga, ya ce karin pistons. A general, ƙananan da nauyi, da mafi alheri.
5. Power. The fasaha sigogi na pistons nuna matsakaicin ikon zuwa abin da suka isa aminci gefe. Kada ka shigar sassa a kan engine tare da babban fasali kamar yadda da suka wuce haddi load iya haifar da su m lalacewa da hallaka.

Bambance-bambance daga cikin simintin gyaran pistons

Standard analogue dauke sassa aka jefa pistons. Su kai a kai aiki a kan misali injuna, amma ga dalilai daban-daban ba su dace da high-ikon ikon raka'a. Da fari dai, suna da wani babban nauyi. Na biyu, gami pistons da suboptimal form. Na uku, wadannan sassa ne m daga factory, gabatar cavities, kasashen waje inclusions, kumfa, wanda suke ganuwa, kuma kada ku bayyana a al'ada amfani a misali ikon raka'a.

Duk da haka, da kara ikon kaiwa zuwa kara lodi (zafin jiki da kuma matsa lamba) domin da yawa abubuwa na abin hawa da farko engine. A irin wannan yanayi da aka ambata lahani iya kai wa ga fatattaka kõ, ku ƙõnã-ta na fistan. Wannan na iya faruwa, misali, bayan shigarwa na crankshaft tare da wani da ba crank radius.

abũbuwan amfãni

A tabbatacce tasiri na ƙirƙira pistons a cikin engine sigogi ne da farko saboda su low nauyi. The nauyi na wannan abubuwa a kan talakawan kasa da 50 grams da simintin gyaran kafa analog. Alal misali, a ƙirƙira pistons Vaz samar da cikakken ceton nauyi 400-600 g Wannan rage inertial sojojin a cikin Silinda. A sakamakon wannan karin gudun, rage inji hasarori, da ikon ƙaruwa. Bugu da kari, da rage inertia load a kan wasu abubuwa na crank inji, kamar crankshaft, a haɗa sandunansu, kuma bushings. Wannan shi ne, ta rabo na karuwa ne.

Har ila yau ƙirƙira pistons bambanta daga simintin mafi girma daga bãyan wancan. Wannan adadi ne 120-130 inji mai kwakwalwa., Ganin cewa ga farar hula takwarorinsu, ya ne 80-90 raka'a.

Bayan data abubuwa ne halin da high ƙarfi kuma jure zafin jiki. Saboda haka, bisa ga thermal keke kwanciyar hankali ne mafĩfĩta jefa takwarorinsu ta 5-6 sau. Godiya ga wannan ƙirƙira pistons tsayayya 2500 dumama-sanyaya hawan keke, yayin da kawai 400 farar hula model.

Rage thermal fadada coefficient don rage thermal yarda rata tsakanin Silinda da fistan up to 0.05-0.06 mm.

siffar

Don rage nauyi ƙirƙira pistons da musamman form. A wannan aikace-aikace T-profile ba zai tasiri a man kwarara.

Bugu da kari, a kan tushen da m thermal fadada (sun fi mayar da layi daya da axis na fistan fil), wasu masana'antun samar da model m, perpendicular zuwa axis na fistan fil. Saboda haka, a lokacin da dumama da abu ya zama wani madauwari siffar, daidai da siffar wani Silinda. Wannan na samar da wani snug shige su ga juna, rarraba nauyi a ko'ina a kan saman da kuma iyakance ingress na gas a cikin crankcase daga konewa jam'iyya.

shortcomings

Babban drawback na ƙirƙira fistan, kamar yadda idan aka kwatanta da wanda ya canja, la'akari da babban kudin, kuma duka sassan da kafuwa. Babban kudin samar da lalacewa ta hanyar pistons mawuyaci. Bugu da kari, shi zai yi tsanani zuba jari a cikin su kafuwa. Wannan shi ne saboda irin rikitarwa aikin kamata kawai amince da sana'a Masters, da kuma a cikin wannan yanayin na bukatar ba kawai installing, amma kuma ya siffanta shi da cikakken bayani.

Bugu da kari, an yi imani da cewa ƙirƙira pistons sa mota mafi m a kwatanta da asali simintin sassa. Duk da haka, wannan gaskiya ne kawai ga mai tsanani-up mota. Wannan yanayin ne saboda bambance-bambance a fadada coefficients. Bisa ga a ƙirƙira pistons to dan kadan kara rata tare da Silinda bango. Saboda haka, inji shi ne sanyi da irin wannan bayani ne da karfi. Duk da haka, bayan da dumama, a lokacin da pistons suna mika, sabili da haka, yawan zafin jiki rata an rage, da amo bice.

aikace-aikace

Kamar yadda aka fahimta daga sama, ƙirƙira pistons amfani da su augmented injuna. Wadannan sassa shafi mutane da yawa halaye na powertrains. Sun kara da yi da kuma aminci.

topicality

A yiwuwa na yin amfani da ƙirƙira pistons maimakon simintin m da farko siffofi da abin hawa amfani. Ga yanayi na yau da kullum amfani da isasshen na simintin sassa. Ƙirƙira analogs yawanci saita lokacin da engine kunna. Kuma ko da a cikin wannan harka, su yi amfani da shi ne ba ko da yaushe dace.

Irin wannan bayani sukan yi amfani da a tsallaka da kananan Motors. Standard sassa wasu wasanni Motors da isasshen albarkatun don inganta ba matsananci iko. Saboda haka, ya fi na kowa irin engine sassa Vaz (msl, ƙirƙira pistons "Niwa" kuma ƙirƙira pistons zuwa "Kafin").

Wadannan sassa ana amfani ba kawai ga motoci. Za ka iya shigar ƙirƙira pistons a kan babur. Kunna wasanni model ne ma quite na kowa. Wani lokaci modified da kuma talakawa babura. Alal misali, wasu sa ƙirƙira pistons a kan "Ural".

Principles of amfani da kudin

Sau da yawa dauke da cikakken bayani amfani da lokacin da installing da turbocharger. Haka kuma, a lokuta da dama, su yi amfani da shi ne da muhimmanci ga tsare engine rayuwa, tun da shi qara yawan zafin jiki da kuma kaya a kan workpiece, wanda sau da yawa take kaiwa zuwa ƙona-pistons. Ƙirƙira turbo-engine pistons kullum amfani a cikin kit da sauran crankshaft da H-dimbin yawa sanduna.

A cikin wani hali, shigarwa zama dole don samar da sanyaya na skirt da kasa sassa aka bayyana. Don yin wannan, saita maslorazbryzgivayuschie nozzles.

Farashin ƙirƙira pistons "Niva" (sa), misali, farawa daga 4500 rubles. Ga m babur suka kudin kasa.