A ciki tsarin dabbobi masu shayarwa. Tsari da kuma aiki na ciki gabobin da dabba mai shayarwa

Daga cikin shuke-shuke sun saba da mafi rinjaye kungiyar - da angiosperm da kuma tsakanin dabbobi akwai kwayoyin da cewa da hakan specialization a cikin tsarin da waje da kuma kayan ciki. Yana dabbobi masu shayarwa. A cikin wannan labarin, za mu duba fasali na tsarin, ci gaba, haifuwa da kuma rarrabuwa.

Class dabbobi masu shayarwa: wani janar Siffar

Halayyar dabbobi masu shayarwa sun hada da nadi na duk abin da suka siffofin da suke mallaka. Da fari dai, shi ne mafi sosai saba dabbobin da suke iya shirya a duniya. Aka sãme su a ko'ina: a cikin Equatorial makada, steppes, Hamada da kuma ko da a cikin ruwan Antarctica.

Irin wannan fadi da rarraba a fadin duniya saboda gaskiyar cewa ciki tsarin da dabbobi masu shayarwa yana da abũbuwan amfãni, kuma siffofin, wanda da za a tattauna daga baya. Su bayyanar da aka ma ba ya kasance canzawa. A sa na Na'urar gyare-gyare sha kusan dukan sassa na jiki a lokacin da ta je wani wakilin.

Bugu da kari, cikin hali na wannan aji na dabbobi ne ma mafi sosai shirya da kuma hadaddun. Wannan ne hujja da cewa daya daga cikin kungiyoyin da dabbobi masu shayarwa da aka dauke su a m mutum.

A mafi girma ci gaban da kwakwalwa ƙyale mutane su tashi sama duk sauran halittu. Yau dabbobi masu shayarwa taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin rayuwar dan Adam. Su ne domin shi:

• samar da wutar lantarki;
• tractive karfi.
• dabbobi.
• awon tushen abu.
• m ma'aikata.

Halayyar dabbobi masu shayarwa ba bisa ga yawa karatu na daban-daban sciences. Amma babban daya ne ake kira theriology ( "terios" - dabba).

rarrabuwa dabbobi masu shayarwa

Akwai daban-daban zaɓuɓɓuka saboda tattara abubuwa masu kyau daban-daban a cikin kungiyoyin. Amma bambancin Wakilai ne ma manyan su iya tsaya a wasu guda version. Saboda haka, wani rarrabuwa iya Bayan haka, gyara da kuma maye gurbinsu da wani.

Don kwanan wata, akwai game da 5.5 dubu jinsunan dabbobi masu shayarwa, da wanda 380 jinsunan rayuwa a cikin ƙasa na kasar mu. Duk wannan bambancin a hade a 27 kungiyoyin. dabbobi masu shayarwa kungiyoyin kamar haka:

• monotremes.
• opossums.
• caenolestes.
• mikrobioterii.
• marsupials.
• bandicoots.
• dvureztsovye.
• giwa shrew.
• zlatokrotovye.
• aardvarks.
• hyrax.
• proboscidians.
• alamar ban tsoro.
• anteaters.
• armadillos.
• lagomorphs.
• hakori;
• itãciya shrews.
• COLUGO.
• biri.
• insectivorous.
• jemagu.
• solipeds.
• ko-toed ungulates.
• cetaceans.
• predatory.
• pangolins.

Duk da wannan dama dabbobi zauna duk yanayin rayuwa kara zuwa duk yankuna, ko da kuwa da sauyin yanayi. Har ila yau, a hada a nan ba dadaddun kwayoyin, domin tare da su da yawan dabbobi masu shayarwa ne game da 20 dubu jinsunan.

External tsarin dabbobi masu shayarwa

Kamar yadda aka ambata a riga, a Bugu da kari ga babban matakin kungiyar a ciki da masu shayarwa da gangariyar fasali na waje. Irin wannan halaye iya bambanta da dama na asali.

1. A m santsi, ko m gashi (a cikin hali na mutum gashi).
2. Da samuwar da epidermis, wani m aiki - ƙahonin, hooves, fika, gashi, gashin idanu, girare.
3. A gaban fata gland: sebaceous da kuma gumi.
4. Bakwai vertebrae a cikin abun da ke ciki na mahaifa vertebral shafi.
5. Testes m-dimbin yawa.
6. Live haihuwa a matsayin hanyar haifuwa na zuriyarsa, sa'an nan kula da shi.
7. A gaban nono-ciyar ga matasa, wanda ya bayyana da sunan aji.
8. Dindindin yanayin jiki ko homeotherms - dumin jiki.
9. A gaban na diaphragm.
10. Bambancin hakora da daban-daban Tsarin da iri.

Saboda haka, na waje tsarin da dabbobi masu shayarwa a fili yana da halaye. A cikin totality za a iya gano ta musamman wuri a cikin tsarin da kwayoyin duniya. Duk da haka, kamar yadda ko da yaushe, akwai ban. Alal misali, rodent excavator yana da wani m jiki zafin jiki, da kuma dangantaka da wani sanyi a hankali. A platypus iya rayuwa haihuwar, ko da yake su ne yinotheria.

Kwarangwal da siffofin

A tsarin da dabbobi masu shayarwa kwarangwal iya gaskiya da za a ɗauke su rarrabe. Bayan duk, su ne kawai da shi a fili ya kasu kashi biyar babban sassan:

• kwanyar.
• thorax.
• kashin baya.
• Belt manya da ƙananan extremities.
• wata gabar jiki.

A wannan yanayin, da kashin baya ma yana da halaye. Yana hada da:

• wuyansa.
• ƙirjĩna.
• lumbar.
• sacral kashi.

girman da kwanyar fi yawa da sauran na dabba duniya. Wannan ya nuna wani babban matakin kungiyar na kwakwalwa aiki, hankalina, da hali da kuma motsin zuciyarmu. Ƙananan muƙamuƙi ne m haɗe da kwanyar, ban da fuska tsarin yana daya cheekbone.

A tsarin da dabbobi masu shayarwa kwarangwal musamman da cewa kashin bayan kunshi platsetalnyh (watau lebur) vertebrae. Wannan sabon abu ne ba a da wani daga cikin wakilin fauna. Bugu da kari, da laka aka located ciki da post kai tsaye tyazhem da kuma ta m al'amari yana da siffar "malam".

Reshe, ko kuma wajen, su kwarangwal, ya bambanta a kan yawan yatsunsu, da tsawon da kashi, da sauran sigogi. Wannan shi ne saboda da karbuwa ga wani salon. Saboda haka, irin wannan bayani na kwarangwal da za a yi karatu domin kowane wakilin.

Tsari da kuma aiki na ciki gabobin dabbobi masu shayarwa tsarin

Mene ne cikin jiki na dabba da na ta ainihi, shi ne mafi muhimmanci na dukan mutum. Yana da ciki tsarin dabbobi masu shayarwa damar da su zuwa zauna a rinjaye matsayi a kan ƙasa, kuma a teku. Dukan waɗannan fasalulluka hada da tsarin da kuma aiki na kowane jiki, sa'an nan, kuma dukan kwayoyin.

Babu wani abu a duk kwarai a cikin tsarin ba ya lura. Manyan ka'idodin an kiyaye su. Wasu ne kawai daga jikin ta kai matsakaicin ci gaba, wanda ya bar ta alama a general kyau aji.

Shi ne babban batu, don gano - tsarin da dabbobi masu shayarwa. Table haka zai zama ya dace daidai da sauran tsarin kungiyar dabbobin gida na'urar wannan aji. Yana yiwuwa a daidai da abun da ke ciki na jikinsu, da babban tsarin da ayyuka da suka yi.

jijiyoyi

Tsarin fasali na dabbobi masu shayarwa suna samuwa hudu gidajen zuciya. Wannan shi ne saboda samuwar cikakken bangare. Wannan hujja ne a kai na abin da waɗannan dabbobi suna da dumin jiki, da m jiki zafin jiki da kuma homeostasis na ciki yanayi da kwayoyin a matsayin dukan.

juyayi tsarin

Brain da laka, da sifa da aiki - wannan shi ne musamman da dabbobi masu shayarwa tsarin. Bayan duk, ba dabba ne iya fuskantar haka da yawa motsin zuciyarmu, da yadda da yawa su ne. Nature Ya bã su da ikon tunani, to tuna, to zaton, to yin yanke shawara da sauri, kuma daidai da amsa zuwa ga hadari.

Idan muka magana game da wani mutum, a can ne kullum wuya don canja wurin dukan adadin m magabaci. Dabbobi suna da gabbai, diraya, wanda yana taimaka musu su zauna. Duk wannan ba a kula da kwakwalwa, a tare da sauran tsarin.

alimentary tsarin

A ciki tsarin dabbobi masu shayarwa damar da su ba kawai don daidaita da yanayin rayuwa, amma kuma a zabi nasu abincin. Alal misali, a cikin dabbobi musamman tsarin da ciki, wanda damar da su zuwa maimaita ciyawa kusan ci gaba.

A tsarin da dentition ma dabam ƙwarai dangane da irin abinci. A herbivores mamaye masu saro, da kuma a fili da aka bayyana a predatory fangs. Duk wadannan siffofin na narkewa kamar tsarin. Bugu da kari, kowane jinsin samar da kansa sa na narkewa kamar enzymes sauƙaƙe da kuma tasiri a cikin assimilation abinci.

kasafi gawarwakin tsarin

A ciki gabobin da dabbobi masu shayarwa, wanda suna da hannu a cikin kau na ruwa kayayyakin da metabolism, ana shirya a kan wannan manufa. Kodan sarrafa babbar girma na ruwa da kuma samar da wata filtrate - fitsari. Ta bayyana ureters a cikin mafitsara, wanda idan ta cika aka wofintar a cikin muhalli.

endocrine tsarin

Duk da ciki tsarin da dabbobi masu shayarwa kenan da jiwuwa a aikinsu. Duk da haka, akwai tsari biyu da suke coordinators da kuma masu kula ga duk wasu. Su ne:

• m.
• endocrine.

Idan na farko ya aikata wannan da jijiyar da kuma samuwar kasashe, na biyu riže ji ba gani. Wadannan sinadarai da wata babbar sakamako. Kusan duk da matakai na girma, ci gaba, maturation, ci gaban da motsin zuciyarmu, sakewa da baƙin ƙarfe kayayyakin, musayar sunadaran - shi ne sakamakon aikin wannan tsarin. Yana hada irin wannan muhimmanci gabobin, kamar:

• da adrenal gland.
• thyroid.
• thymus .
• da pituitary gland shine yake.
• hypothalamus da sauransu.

hankula

Sake bugun da kuma ci gaban dabbobi masu shayarwa, da fuskantarwa a duniya, opportunistic dauki - duk wannan ba zai yiwu ba ba tare da hankula. Abin da analyzers sanya su, muka nuna a tebur. Zai zama kyawawa a jaddada muhimmancin da babban matakin ci gaban kowane daga cikinsu.

Jikuna na ci gaba ne da kyau, ko da yake ba kamar yadda sharply kamar yadda a cikin tsuntsaye. Jĩ - mai da muhimmanci sosai analyzer. Da yara da kuma ganima ne - da-akai da kuma tabbacin da ta yi nasara rayuwa. Lion ta ruri za a iya ji da aka azabtar, yayin da 'yan kilomita bãya.

A vestibular na'ura taimaka wajen sauri canza matsayi na jiki, motsa da kuma jin ta'aziyya a duk sasanninta na jiki. The ji na wari ne ma key da kyau-ciyar da rana. Bayan duk, mafi yawan su ya shafa ji da yara da wari.

Sake bugun da kuma ci gaban dabbobi masu shayarwa, musamman

Sake bugun da kuma ci gaban dabbobi masu shayarwa ne a kan dukan kullum yarda da ka'idojin. Mace da namiji suna da wata copulatory gabobin ga ma'abota kuma hadi. Bayan haka, mace Bears cub da kuma taka shi zuwa ga haske. Duk da haka, kara da kuma fara Ba kamar dabbobi masu shayarwa daga duk wasu, mafi m tsari dabbobi. Su kula da 'ya'yansu, kawo su cikin balagaggu da kuma zaman kanta rayuwa.

Yawan 'yan maruƙa ne ba don haka mai girma, don haka kowane daga cikinsu samun kula, kauna da soyayya daga mahaifansa biyu. Man, a matsayin pinnacle na ci gaba a cikin dabba duniya, kuma ya nuna wani babban mataki na masu juna biyu ilhami.