A fannin Kazakhstan. Kazakhstan - yankin na ƙasar halaye da kuma halaye na kasar

Kazakhstan ne duniya shahara ga girma na dutse kololuwa, m Hamada, Emerald tabkuna, musamman dabbobi da shuka halittu. Wannan kawai shi ne ambaton wani tsoho wayewa, wanda shi ne ga wannan kasa. Akwai ya dade da aka sanaki nomadic kabilu. Wannan shi ne inda ya ta'allaka da wani babban rabo daga cikin Great Silk Road. To, abin da yake fraught tare da ban mamaki da kuma na musamman Kazakhstan?

labarin

A tarihin kasar Dates baya ga prehistoric lokaci - miliyan 2.5 shekaru BC. e. A zamanin d zamanin daukan Sabunta karni BC. e. - V karni BC. e. The na da lokaci ne a V-XVIII ƙarni. Wani sabon labarin zai fara a cikin XVIII karni. kuma shi ƙare a 1917. Kazakhstan wani ɓangare na Rasha, da Nogai taro, Siberian mulki, da Kazakh Khanate.

Na yi wasannin na kwanan nan tarihi ya faru a lokacin da auka na Rasha Empire da Tarayyar Soviet ta auka. A Phase II fara Disamba 16, 1991, lokacin da kasar ta zama wani sarki siyasa, da kuma shari'a a jihar.

A lokacin da wanzuwar kasar taswirar Kazakhstan dabam ƙwarai saboda ta hada a cikin daban-daban dauloli da mulkoki.

administrative division

Kamar yadda aka ambata, Kazakhstan, da yankin na ƙasar wanda shi ne fiye da miliyan 2 murabba'in mita. km, shi ne wani unitary jihar. A kasar na birane uku na Republican karkashi, 86 birane, 14 larduna, 168 gundumomi, 174 kauyuka.

Saboda haka Kazakhstan yankin ne kamar haka:

• Akmola.
• Alma-Ata.
• Aktobe.
• Atyrau.
• Gabas Kazakhstan.
• West Kazakhstan.
• Kudu Kazakhstan.
• Arewa Kazakhstan.
• Zhambyl.
• Kostanay.
• Karaganda.
• Kyzylorda.
• Pavlodar.
• Mangistau.

birni na kasa muhimmanci:

• Alma-Ata (Almaty).
• Baikonur.
• Astana - babban birnin kasar.

sauyin yanayi

Yana da daraja ƙarfafu cewa Kazakhstan yanki ne quite manyan. Saboda haka, a sassa daban daban na kasar za a iya lura saba game da sauyin yanayi, topography, albarkatun ruwa.

Kazakhstan ne m daga teku, don haka da arewa da sauyin yanayi ne matsananci da sanyi, kuma a kudu furanni Bloom daga kakar. The talakawan zafin jiki a Janairu: arewa da kuma gabas - -18 ° C, a kudu - -3 ° C. A talakawan Yuli zafin jiki a arewacin +19 ° C, a kudu - + 28 ° .. + 30 ° C.

All yankunan Kazakhstan suna located in da 4 climatic zones: hamada, Semi-hamada da kuma steppe.

sanya yankin a cikin arewacin kasar a cikin steppe zone. A nan akwai sosai high iska gudu. A cikin steppe zone hunturu guntu bazara. Spring ne ga tsawon lokaci da fall.

A cikin gandun daji-steppe sashi daga cikin filayen da ake located a cikin arewacin kasar. A guntu kakar - spring. A tsawon lokaci ne watanni 3 na rani da kuma hunturu - daga Oktoba zuwa watan Afrilu.

A wasan kusa da na hamada m matakan suna located a cikin tsakiyar ɓangare na kasar. A hunturu a nan ne mai tsanani, yanayin ne m, rani mulki numfashi ba zafi.

A cikin hamada, wanda lullube tare filayen Kazakhstan, akwai wani dogon zafi zafi, da yawa bushe iska, matsananci hunturu.

taimako

Dangi taimako son a lura da cewa Kazakhstan yanki maki ¾ shagaltar da filayen. A gabas da kuma kudu-maso-gabas da za ka iya gani da dutsen jeri na Altai, Tian Shan, Jungar Alatau. Located in yamma na da Caspian ciki. A tsakiyar kasar ne mountainous tsarin na Kazakh melkopesochnika.

albarkatun ruwa

In mun gwada ruwa, zan ce, cewa a Kazakhstan, game da 8500 kananan da kuma manyan koguna. Arewa da kuma arewa-maso-gabas kwarara daga cikin Irtysh, Tobol, Ishim. Har ila yau, a kan ƙasa na kasar gudãna kogin Ural, Ili, Syrdarya. A lokacin rani na da yawa matsakaici da kuma kananan koguna bushe up saboda bushe weather.

kasar ne Caspian Sea. Tana da zurfi ne 5-7 mita. Bugu da kari zuwa karkarar Kazakhstan, da Caspian Sea ne wani yankin na Rasha, Iran, Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan.

A jamhuriyar ma sanya 48 dubu tabkuna na daban-daban masu girma dabam. Babbar ne Balkhash, Zaisan, Tengiz, da Aral Sea, Alakol.

Flora da fauna

A kowane yanki na Kazakhstan, za ka iya ganin hali kawai domin ta Flora da fauna. Saboda haka, a cikin ƙasa sun samu su gida na 480 jinsunan tsuntsaye, 155 - dabbobi masu shayarwa, 150 - kifi. A cikin hamadar da kuma Semi-Hamada iya saduwa da dabbobi masu rarrafe da kwari. A cikin steppe live saiga, barewa, kerkẽci, zomo, hakori, Foxes, wurin zaman diloli. A tabkuna na kasar tattarã Swans, geese, gulls, ducks, flamingos. A duwãtsu za ka iya samun snow leopards, dutsen awaki, beyar, da tumaki, da barewa, da yawa tsuntsaye.

Amma ga Flora, akwai kuma za a iya lura da iri-iri. A kan ƙasa na Kazakhstan girma junipers, Pine gandun daji, Birch, apple, Aspen. Tsaunuka bambanta mai tsayi kuma subalpine natsuwa da Hamada da kuma Semi-Hamada - sagebrush-ciyawa, forb-ciyawa, sagebrush-saltwort shuke-shuke. A kudu za ka iya ganin musamman juna na Flora - tsitvarnaya ko Santonin masu ɗaci.

demography

Kazakhstan Area (sq. Km) - 2,724 miliyan, kasar mukamansu a kan wannan nuna alama a tara wuri a duniya. Yawan jamhuriyar ne a kan 60 wuri. Amma wannan ba ya nufin cewa jama'ar na Jamhuriyar Kazakhstan za su zama na gwargwado ga kasar. Saboda haka, a yau ne zuwa gida fiye da 17.098.500 mutane. Sai dai itace cewa 1 sq. km akwai kawai 6 mutane.

Kazakhstan iyakar - tare da Rasha, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, China. Shi ne kawai na halitta da cewa kasar live Kazakhs, Rasha, Ukrainians, Uzbeks, Uighurs, Jamus, Tatars. Ta yaya ne da kan iyakoki na Kazakhstan, za a iya gani a kan taswira a cikin labarin.

jan hankali

Kazakhstan ne sananne ga ta jan hankali. Mutane da yawa kira wannan kasa an bude-iska gidan kayan gargajiya. A} asar da za a ji dadin kyau na wasan kwaikwayo ra'ayoyi da kuma tarihi Monuments.

Saboda haka, kowa da kowa yana so ya ziyarci Lake a Burabay a Kokshetautskoy yanki da cewa an rufe shi da Legends. fuskanci kyau na mai tsayi fadamun Trans-Ili Alatau da majestic shimfidar wurare na kanyon Charyn kogin.

Daya daga cikin mafi kyau birane ne Almaty. An located a gindin Trans-Ili Alatau. Almaty janyo hankalin masu yawon shakatawa da gine-gine na asali was. Kusa da garin can ne na musamman da yanayi ajiye, a karkashin abin da kasaftawa a kan 90 dubu kadada.

A Kudancin Kazakhstan iya ganin yawa kaburburan sarakunan Saki. Et binne nasa ne da Iron Age. Its diamita ne fiye da 104 da mita, kuma tsawo - 17 mita ko fiye. Babu wuri a Eurasia ba zai iya gadara da irin wannan babban taro na binne mounds na Sarakuna.

Isa a Kazakhstan, kowane yawon shakatawa zai yi ziyara da wadannan birane cewa gaya wa tarihi da kuma tarihi na jihar samuwar:

• Astana.
• Almaty.
• Aktau.
• Aktobe.
• Atyrau.
• Baikonur.
• Balkhash.
• Borovoye.
• Zhezkazgan.
• Karaganda.
• Kokshetau.
• Kostanay.
• Kyzylorda.
• Pavlodar.
• Petropavlovsk.
• Iyalansu.
• Taldykorgan.
• Taraz.
• Turkestan.
• Uralsk.
• Ust-Kamenogorsk.
• Shymkent.

al'ada

ne jama'a holidays:

• Maris 8;
• 22 ga watan Maris.
• Janairu 1.
• 30 ga watan Agusta.
• Disamba 16;
• May 1;
• May 9.
• Yuli 6.

Tun da Kazakhstan yanki ne quite manyan kuma zauna a can mutane masu bambancin addini, addini holidays ne Eid Ramadan da kuma Kurban Ait.

Kusan kowa ya san cewa mutane na jamhuriyar - wani musamman m mutane. Domin Kazakhs iya zo ba tare da an gayyace, da mai masauki zai zama farin ciki. Daga cikin halayyar fasali na Kazakhs ake kasaftawa haƙuri, da zaman lafiya, da mutunta dattawa. Duk wadannan halaye da aka kawo a cikin kowane tun suna yara, don haka jihar da babu kabilanci ko addini rikice-rikice.

Duk da yake a Kazakhstan gauraye hali na daban-daban al'ummai, yawancin mutane a kasar magana Rasha. A cikin 'yan shekarun zama musamman rare Kazakh da kuma Turanci harsuna. Mazaunan ƙasar za a iya kira "Kazakhstani" ko "Kazakh". Ko da yake, kamar yadda na duniya yi shows, bayan duk, da kalmar "Kazakh" shi ne mafi used.

dangantakar kasa da kasa

Kazakhstan tana goyon bayan dangantakar kasa da kasa da duk mambobi ne na Majalisar Dinkin Duniya. Babban geopolitical abokin jihohi su ne: kungiyar kasashen Turai, da Amurka, China, Gabas ta Tsakiya kasashen da Rasha Federation.

Tun 2005, Jamhuriyar fara rayayye ci gaba tattalin arziki da al'adu matakai da Yakutia, Tatarstan, Chuvashia, Bashkortostan, China. Jihar za ta hada gwiwa da OSCE, CAC, Council of Turkic jawabi States, da kungiyar kasashen Musulmi, da CSTO, CIS, EurAsEC, kungiyar SCO, CICA, da dai sauransu

Jamhuriyar daukan bangare a yawa wanzar da zaman lafiya a kasar. Alal misali, injiniyoyi daga Kazakhstan sun gudanar neutralize fiye da miliyan 5 tarin harsasai a Iraki. A jihar kuma samar da taimakon kudi ga kasashe irin su Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan da Tajikistan.

Hulda da Rasha Federation, Kazakhstan tana aiki cikin sharuddan da Kwastan Union, a yarda da Collective Tsaro yarjejeniyar, an dauke zama memba jihar na CIS. Hulda da China sun zama mafi m, kuma m.

A bangaren hadin gwiwar tattalin za a iya ce da cewa jihar a karkashin jagorancin wani aiki da manufofin da CIS kasashe, amfanin da yankin na Kazakhstan damar da shi. Dangi geopolitical ra'ayoyi za a iya ce da cewa ko da yaushe gwamnatin kokarin zama tsaka tsaki.

Kazakhstan - a kasar wanda ya lashe amanar wasu kasashe, lashe wani alkuki a cikin kasa da kasa. Shi ne domin ta shahara kwanciyar hankali a da tattalin arziki, geopolitics da kuma al'adu.