A single-lokaci motor: wayoyi zane

Electric Motors, guda-lokaci 220V suna yadu amfani da dama masana'antu da kuma m kayan aiki: farashinsa, wanka inji, refrigerators, drills da kuma yankan inji.

jinsunan

Akwai biyu iri daga cikin mafi mashahuri daga cikin wadannan na'urorin:

• Haraji.
• Asynchronous.

Recent a ta zane mafi sauki, amma suna da dama rashin amfani, daga cikinsu za a iya lura da wahala daga canza mita da kuma na'ura mai juyi juyawa shugabanci.

shigar da mota na'ura

Ikon da engine dogara a kan zane fasali da kuma iya bambanta daga 5 zuwa 10 kW. Its na'ura mai juyi ne short-circuited Tuddan - aluminum ko jan karfe sanduna, wadda ake rufe a iyakar.

Kamar yadda mai mulkin, guda-lokaci asynchronous mota sanye take da biyu 90 ° biya diyya dangi zuwa juna windings. Kamar wancan ne da babban (aiki) bautar da wani gwaji rabo daga ramummuka, da kuma karin (fara), - da saura. The sunan guda-lokaci lantarki Motors da aka sani kawai, saboda ya na da daya kawai aiki nada.

manufa na aiki

Sunã gudãna a cikin babban Tuddan na da alternating halin yanzu Halicci Magnetic filin canjãwa lokaci zuwa lokaci. Ya kunshi biyu da'ira na daidaita mawadãta, wanda juyawa faruwa a gaban kwatance.

A daidai da dokar electromagnetic shigar da, da jũyawar a cikin rufaffiyar falakinsu na na'ura mai juyi Magnetic juyi Forms wani shigar da yanzu wanda interacts tare da filin da samar da shi. Idan na'ura mai juyi ne na kullum, da lokacin da sojoji aiki a kan shi ne guda, a sakamakon shi ya zauna tsit.

Lokacin da na'ura mai juyi rotates, da daidaitakar aka keta torques, kamar yadda shi dai zamewa dangi da juyawa Magnetic filayen zama daban-daban. Saboda haka, aiki a kan na'ura mai juyi windings daga kai tsaye Magnetic filin Ampere karfi zai zama ma fi da wani ɓangare na baya filin.

A shigar da coils na na'ura mai juyi halin yanzu za su iya kawai bayyana a sakamakon tsallaka da Magnetic filin Lines. Su juyawa kamata a da za'ayi a wani kudi dan kadan kasa da juyawa filin mita. A gaskiya Saboda haka da sunan guda-lokaci asynchronous mota.

Saboda kara a inji kaya juyawa gudun an rage, da kara shigar da yanzu a cikin na'ura mai juyi windings. Kuma ma qara inji engine iko da alternating halin yanzu da cewa yana ci.

Wayoyi da gudu

Babu shakka, kowanne lokaci da hannu untwist da mota na'ura mai juyi m farawa. Saboda haka, don samar da wani na farko farawa karfin juyi amfani gabatarwa Tuddan. Tunda yana da hakkin kwana da aiki Tuddan ta samar da wata juyawa Magnetic filin kanta dole ne a canja a lokaci dangi da AC halin yanzu a cikin aikin nada 90 °.

Wannan za a iya cimma ta ciki har da wani lokaci-canjawa kewaye kashi. Shaƙa ko resistor iya ba samar da wani lokaci motsi na 90 °, shi ne saboda haka bu mai kyau don amfani a matsayin lokaci-canjawa capacitor kashi. Irin wannan makirci ne guda-lokaci mota yana da kyau kwarai farawa Properties.

Idan abubuwa condenser, da mota za a iya wakilta da fasali kamar yadda fazovraschayuschego kashi:

• Tare da gudu capacitor.
• Tare da fara capacitor.
• Tare da wani aiki da kuma fara capacitor.

Mafi na kowa ne na biyu zaɓi. A wannan yanayin samar na wani dan gajeren dangane da capacitor fara Tuddan. Wannan kawai ya faru a ranar farkon lokaci, to, suna kashe. Don gane da irin wannan bambance-bambancen za a iya yin amfani da lokaci gudun ba da sanda ko ta hanyar da kewaye ta latsa jawo button.

Irin wannan wayoyi zane na single-lokaci lantarki motor halin da fairly low farawa halin yanzu. Duk da haka, a cikin maras aiki sigogi low saboda gaskiyar cewa stator filin - elliptical (shi ne karfi ga dogayen sanda).

Students har abada da alaka da gudu capacitor a maras aiki yanayin, shi ne mafi alhẽri, kuma lokacin da na fara yi shi ne matsakaicin. Bambance-bambancen da aiki da kuma fara capacitor, idan aka kwatanta da baya biyu, shi ne wani tsaka-tsaki.

A commutator motor

La'akari da guda-lokaci mota na tara irin. Wannan m kayan aiki za a iya powered by AC ko DC kafofin. An sau da yawa amfani da wutar lantarki da kayayyakin aiki, wanka da kuma dinki inji, nama grinders - inda ka na so ka sauya juyawa a 3000 rpm ko mita iko.

A windings na na'ura mai juyi da kuma stator na mota suna da alaka a jerin. Yanzu ne amfani ta hanyar goge a lamba tare da haraji faranti to wanda iyakar da windings na na'ura mai juyi ne da ya dace.

Aiwatar baya faruwa ta wurin canza polarity dangane da na'ura mai juyi ko stator a wani lantarki cibiyar sadarwa, da kuma rotational gudun aka gyara ta hanyar canza halin yanzu darajar a windings.

shortcomings

A tara-lokaci mota yana da wadannan disadvantages:

• Samar da wani rediyo, da wuya management, babba amo.
• The wuya daga cikin kayan aiki, shi ne kusan ba zai yiwu ba ga yin gyare-gyare a kan nasu.
• Babban kudin.

connection

Don a kunna mota a guda zamani da wadata da aka haɗa yadda ya kamata, dole ne ka cika da wasu bukatun. Kamar yadda aka ambata riga, akwai wani yawan injuna, wanda zai iya aiki daga rai guda-lokaci cibiyar sadarwa.

Kafin a haɗa muhimmanci don tabbatar da cewa mita da kuma samar da irin ƙarfin lantarki, nuna a kan gidaje, babban sigogi dace da mains. All dangane aikin dole ne a da za'ayi kawai a lokacin da dokar ta-da kuzari kewaye. Kuma guji cajin capacitors.

How to connect guda-lokaci motor

Don haɗa da mota bukatan a haɗa a jerin da stator da armature (na'ura mai juyi). Tashoshi 2 da 3 suna da alaka, da kuma sauran biyu dole a haɗa kewaye 220B.

Saboda gaskiya cewa Motors aiki a single-lokaci 220V AC kewaye, a Magnetic tsarin taso alternating Magnetic juyi, wanda tsokani da samuwar Eddy igiyoyin. Wannan shi ne dalilin da ya sa Magnetic tsarin na stator da kuma na'ura mai juyi suna sanya a cikin na'urar karfe zanen gado.

Connection ba tare da gudãnar naúrar lantarki zai iya kai ga cewa samar da gagarumin inrush halin yanzu a farawa da a tara faruwa arcing. Canza shugabanci na juyawa daga cikin armature da aka yi da karya dangane jerin lokacin da tashoshi suna interchanged armature ko na'ura mai juyi. Babban drawback na wadannan injuna da aka dauke su a gaban goge cewa dole ne a maye gurbin bayan kowace dadewa aiki na kayan aiki.

Irin matsalolin da a shigar da Motors da basu wanzu, tun da sun rasa haraji. A halin maganaɗisu filin daga cikin na'ura mai juyi ne kafa ba tare da wutar lantarki, sadarwa saboda da waje da halin maganaɗisu filin na stator.

Connection via Magnetic canji

Ka yi la'akari da yadda za a gama guda-lokaci mota ta Magnetic canji.

1. Saboda haka, da farko Magnetic canji dole ne ka zaɓa yanzu haka da cewa ta lamba tsarin tsayayya kaya na lantarki motor.

2. starters, misali, raba da darajar daga 1 zuwa 7, da ya fi girma da index ne, da mafi halin yanzu tsayayya lamba tsarin na wadannan na'urorin.

• 10A - 1.
• 25A - 2.
• 40A - 3.
• 63A - 4.
• 80A - 5.
• 125A - 6.
• 200A - 7.

3. Lokacin da darajar da Starter aka ƙaddara, shi wajibi ne don kula da iko nada. Yana iya zama 36B, 380B kuma 220B. A bu mai kyau zuwa ga mayar da hankali a kan karshen.

4. Next, Magnetic kewaye faruwa ga actuator da ta haɗu da ikon sashe. A cikin bude Lambobin aka yi 220B shigar, da mota da aka haɗa zuwa fitarwa na da ikon lambobin Starter.

5. amfani da button "Tsaya - Fara". Suna powered by da shigar contactor ikon lambobi. Alal misali, cikin lokaci aka haɗa tare da button "Tsaya" rufaffiyar lamba, to, shi fitowa a shirin mai gabatarwa button bude lamba kuma da lamba tare da "Fara" button - to daya daga cikin Magnetic contactor nada lambobi.

"Zero" an haɗa zuwa biyu m 6. Starter. Don gyara matsayin da Magnetic canza hada da, ya kamata a bridged fara button rufaffiyar lamba a naúrar energizes Starter lambobi tare da "Tsaya" button a kan faifai.